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Stosunek maturzystów z regionu środkowo-wschodniej Polski do wybranych norm moralnych

100%
Romanowicz W.
Pogranicze. Studia Społeczne
|
2016
|
vol. 27 cz. 2
EN
The article herein is based on empirical studies and presents the high school graduates’ attitude towards chosen moral standards. The author raises a questions regarding moral transformations amongs young people in Poland on the basis of the thus far presented research results in the young people environment. Analyzed research resluts are presented in the context of faith autodeclaration, confession belongingness as well as respondents’ sex. Analyses have shown that young people are seraching for personal references and legitimization of their behaviour, increasingly rarely motivated by religion. It was stated that there is no coherence between religion and morality which is most apparent on a personal level, and mostly evidenced on the sexual life field. Young people’s attitudes are characterized by the moral relativism. In the context of presented data we can speak about the morality deconsecration as well as the looseness of religion connections.
2
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Diaspora polska i inne diaspory europejskie w Południowej Afryce w okresie apartheidu - Formy kontaktów i współpracy

89%
Żukowski A.
Forum Teologiczne
|
2015
|
vol. 18 - Komunikowanie w Afryce. Endo- i egzogeniczne aspekty. Etniczność – kultura – religia
215-253
EN
At the beginning of the paper brief presentation of the demographic data of South African population during apartheid period (1948–1994) with the special attention to the white population and white immigration to South Africa is made. Then the white ethnic groups, first of all the European Diasporas (history, wave of immigration, number and main organizations) and separately the Polish Diaspora are depicted. The analysis is focused on the forms of contacts between the Polish Diaspora and other European Diasporas determined by policy of apartheid and own history and culture. Special attention is drawn into contacts and cooperation between the Polish and Hungarian Diasporas associations in South Africa.
3
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Perspectives on Past and Present Realities: Nadine Gordimer’s Voice on Social and Political Problems in South Africa

89%
Pawlicki M.
Kultura i Polityka
|
2014
|
issue 15
173-186
EN
In his work The Wretched of the Earth, Frantz Fanon famously states that the most important task of African politicians and intellectuals is to understand the nature of the social and political transformations taking place in their countries. This task was undertaken by Nadine Gordimer in her sixty-five-year writing career, from the publication of her first collection of short stories in 1949 until her death in 2014. Gordimer helped her readers understand the situation in South Africa and anticipated many of the country’s social and political problems. In her novel A Guest of Honour, published in 1970, while her country was still struggling against apartheid, she painted the scenario of an unnamed African country which has succeeded in throwing off colonial rule. The socio-political issues she examines in this novel, such as the corruption of its leaders, poor schooling of the blacks and the problem of violence, proved to be the main challenges of contemporary South Africa. It is interesting to juxtapose the problems anticipated by Gordimer in the previous century and those facing South Africa today; such a comparative study, proposed in this article, is primarily a social analysis of a country which reached independence only twenty years ago and remains “deformed by its history,” as Gordimer pointed out in one of her interviews. This article is based on a detailed analysis of A Guest of Honour, primarily with a view to highlight the social and political issues described by Gordimer. The comparative aspect of this study is ensured by references to Gordimer’s most recent essays, interviews, and to her last novel, No Time Like the Present, published in 2012. Due to the fact that in writing A Guest of Honour Gordimer was influenced by Frantz Fanon’s The Wretched of the Earth, this article is also an investigation of Fanon’s seminal study about the anticolonial movement.
PL
W swoim najważniejszym dziele, „Wyklęty lud ziemi”, Frantz Fanon stwierdza, że najważniejszym zadaniem afrykańskich polityków i intelektualistów jest rozumienie istoty przemian zachodzących w ich krajach. To przekonanie może posłużyć jako myśl przewodnia twórczości Nadine Gordimer. W swojej liczącej sześćdziesiąt pięć lat karierze pisarskiej autorka „Zachować swój świat” (The Conservationist) pomagała swoim czytelnikom zrozumieć istotę społecznych i politycznych przemian w jej rodzimej Południowej Afryce. W kilku powieściach trafnie przewidziała problemy, z którymi przyjdzie zmierzyć się jej krajowi po wprowadzeniu demokracji. W powieści „Gość honorowy” (A Guest of Honour), wydanej w 1970 roku, przedstawiła wydarzenia rozgrywające się w fikcyjnym afrykańskim kraju, który odzyskał niepodległość po okresie niewoli kolonialnej. Analiza problemów społecznych i politycznych przeprowadzona przez Gordimer w tej powieści ma odniesienie do aktualnych problemów w Południowej Afryce, takich jak skorumpowanie władz, niski poziom edukacji uboższych warstw społecznych oraz ważny w tym kraju problem przemocy. Celem artykułu jest analiza powieści „Gość honorowy” oraz porównanie przedstawionego w niej obrazu państwa i społeczeństwa z rzeczywistością współczesnej Południowej Afryki. W analizie powieści ważnym odniesieniem będzie wspomniane dzieło Frantza Fanona, natomiast w opisie problemów współczesnej Południowej Afryki istotne będą odwołania do esejów Gordimer, wywiadów oraz jej ostatniej powieści No Time Like the Present wydanej w 2012 roku.
4

Sister of Philomela: Debt in Coetzee’s Disgrace

88%
Filipiak I.
Beyond Philology: An International Journal of Linguistics, Literary Studies and English Language Teaching
|
2011
|
issue 8
57-93
EN
This essay discusses the financial and moral complexities at the center of Disgrace by Coetzee, its inquiry positioned in the context of the postcolonial decoding of the novel. Primarily, I focus on Lucy’s choice to stay in the house where she falls victim to the crime. Following “the rhetorical signal to the active reader, to counterfocalize,” which Spivak pinpoints in Disgrace, I reconstruct Lucy’s story from intimations and hints woven into the main narrative. Having unraveled the mystery of Lucy’s abortion, mentioned in passing, I propose that during David’s visit to her house, Lucy falls victim to corrective rape as both a lesbian and a single woman who thrives living in the countryside; lastly, I proceed to prove that Lucy acts like a woman “corrected” when she signs her property over to Petrus, although the true price she has to pay to her assailants staged as “debt collectors, tax collectors” (158) is her sexuality.
5

Major Motives in South African Art in the First Decade of the 21st Century

88%
Pawłowska A.
West Bohemian Historical Review
|
2016
|
vol. 6
|
issue 2
339-354
EN
The aim of this article is to present an overview of changes which have taken place in Visual Arts in South Africa after the abolition of apartheid in 1994. The artistic issues are shown in a broader perspective of grave alterations which ocurred in South African society and culture after the termination of apartheid. One of the most important aspects concerning contemporary South African Art is the problem of dealing with South Africa’s traumatic past (this problem is the dominating theme of an artistic output of such diverse artists as Minnette Vári, William Kentridge, Sue Williamson, Judith Mason and Kendell Geers). Another extraordinary problem faced by South African present-day art is to find paths in order to construct links between South African art and modern and classical art from Europe. In order to analyze these problems, we take under scrutinous consideration such 21st century artists as Johannes Phokela, Wim Botha, Andrew Putter.
6
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Some remarks regarding contemporary South African art in the context of political changes and stability of artistic principles

88%
Pawłowska A.
Studies in African Languages and Cultures
|
2013
|
issue 47
47-66
FR
L'article présente un aperçu général des changements qui sont intervenus dans le domaine des beaux-arts dans la République de l'Afrique du Sud, après l'abolition de l'apartheid en 1994. Plus de détails a été présenté dans l'affabulation concernant l'utilisation par les créateurs modernes des chefs-d'œuvre de l'art européen ancien (par exemple Rubens et Michel-Ange). Les oeuvres naissants à ce cours montrent des rapports clairs à une nouvelle et compliqué réalité de l'Afrique du Sud au cours des dernières décennies. Cette problème entreprend les artistes du XXIe siècle tels que Johannes Phokela, Wim Botha, Andrew Putter.
7
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Can Themba: The Legacy of a South African Writer

88%
Crowe J. H.
Crossroads. A Journal of English Studies
|
2015
|
vol. 9
EN
The article seeks to explore the world of Can Themba, a foremost literary figure during the era of apartheid. Through an examination of a selection of his short stories we realise that writers often found sub- textual ways of confronting that pernicious system. This article argues that Themba did just that. Finally it also seeks to make problematic issues of labelling and stereotyping.
8
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Osoby niepełnosprawne w sytuacji podwójnego wykluczenia w wybranych krajach Afryki Południowej

76%
Belzyt J. I.
Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej
|
2017
|
issue 16
229-242
EN
Education plays an important role in South African countries with respect to the emergence of double exclusion that affects people with disabilities living there. Factors like race, gender, social origin or disability contribute to social inequalities, whereas their intensity depends on the dominant ideology or state policy (e.g. apartheid in South Africa). People with disabilities who experience social exclusion caused by their social origin as African natives simultaneously undergo exclusion resulting from their disability. In this context, apart from (the exclusion rooted in) the “heritage” of apartheid, one can also find other very meaningful factors including folk beliefs, healers and shamans. Hence, in line with local folk beliefs, disability in specific areas of the country is perceived and understood as a punishment or a charm that was cast, which eventually makes families ashamed of their disabled children or relatives, force them to hide them for fear of ostracism, violence, ritualmutilation or death.
PL
In South African countries education plays the important role in the context of double exclusion occurance of people with disabilities living in those areas. Factors like race, gender, social origin or disability affect social inequalities which powerful strength in society is strictly connected with a dominant ideology or state policy (eg. apartheid in South Africa). People with disabilities undergoing social exclusion caused by their social origin as African natives, simultaneously undergo exclusion caused by disability. In this context, apart from (the exclusion rooted in) the “heritage” of apartheid, one can also find a very meaningful factor folk beliefs, healers and shamans. Hence, disability, according to the particular area of the country and local folk beliefs, is perceived and understood as punishment or a thrown charm which eventually makes families being ashamed of their disabled children or relatives, force them to hide them for fear of ostracism, violence, ritual mutilation or death.
9
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Laws Regarding Controversial Cultural Heritage in South Africa and the United States: Public Monuments and Street Names

75%
Rowberry R., Pirie G.
Studia Iuridica
|
2016
|
vol. 63
263-283
EN
Działania wymierzone w dziedzictwo kulturowe z zamiarem wsparcia nowych politycznych i społecznych celów w świecie antycznym i niestety obecnie było i jest powszechną praktyką reżimów autorytarnych. Faraonowie usuwali imiona swych poprzedników (i dłutowali własne) na egipskich obeliskach; król Edward I zabrał i przetransportował kamień ze Scone – szkocki kamień koronacyjny – do Opactwa Westminsterskiego w 1296; maoistowski Wielki Skok Naprzód doprowadził do zniszczenia całej chińskiej struktury feudalnej w połowie XX wieku. Naziści systematycznie bombardowali i zrównali z ziemią ponad 90% warszawskiego Starego Miasta; ISIS ostatnio zniszczyło grobowiec biblijnego proroka Jonasza w Iraku. Niszczenie dziedzictwa kulturalnego z premedytacją dotyczy także legitymowanych rządów, jak na przykład w RPA czy USA. Ma to znaczenie głównie w odniesieniu do zabytków i nazw ulic kojarzących się z kontrowersyjną przeszłością, jak niewolnictwo i nierówność rasowa. Zabytki i nazwy ulic, które łączą się z niewolnictwem i nierównością rasową, to poważne kwestie wytyczające i wzmacniające odrębną narrację kulturową, mające znaczenie na wielu płaszczyznach miejskich w RPA i USA. Ale prawu chroniącemu bądź niwelującemu kontrowersyjne zabytki i nazwy ulic w obu krajach poświęcono dotychczas mało uwagi. Niniejszy artykuł bada i konfrontuje ze sobą ramy prawne ochrony lub niwelacji kontrowersyjnych zabytków i zmieniania kontrowersyjnych nazw ulic w RPA i USA.
10
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Mythotypes and Sociological Imports in the Apartheid World of "Sizwe Bansi is Dead"

75%
Solanke S. O.
Crossroads. A Journal of English Studies
|
2014
|
vol. 7
EN
Oppression of man by man has been a common phenomenon from time immemorial. This subjugation has mostly been subtle, insidious and debilitating, especially of the oppressed and the common people. This paper examines the apartheid South African world in "Sizwe Bansi is Dead", and exposes tacit, discreet but mythically destructive avenues that Athol Fugard, Wiston Ntshona and John Kani opine oppressors have always archetypically drawn from. The paper allows that freedom is possible if the oppressed are introspective, creative, focussed, and do not get themselves lost in the ‘dangerous dreams’ of their oppressors. They must, like Styles, Sizwe and Buntu in the examined text, be able to create, archetypically too, like their oppressors, new songs, new myths and new weaponry and strategies to unchain themselves.
11
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Hinduska kultura duchowa Durbanu

75%
Folga-Naidoo T.
Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO
|
2020
|
vol. 8
|
issue 1
311-324
EN
The purpose of this article is to present, by analysing available data, the significant role of Hinduism that has been developing in the city of Durban for 160 years, making this South African metropolis the centre of Indian culture. The existence of the Indian diaspora in South Africa, labelled by a strong incorporation to Hindu tradition, creates a solid foundation for the development of multicultural enclaves. Due to the course of history, the Indian inux makes Durban a thriving centre of Hinduism on a global scale.
12

Olga Kirsch: ’n Vreemde boom op hierdie aarde / Olga Kirsch: A Strange Tree on This Earth

75%
Venter E.
Werkwinkel
|
2014
|
vol. 9
|
issue 2
17-28
EN
The article traces the lasting alienation of Olga Kirsch (1927-1994), a Jewish-born South African poet, as represented in her seven volumes of Afrikaans poetry published between 1944 and 1983. Growing up in a devoutly Christian, Afrikaans-speaking rural community, she found herself an outsider. The conditions at home brought little comfort, while the awareness of the racial discrimination which permeated society further contributed to her isolation. Seeking for a heimat, she emigrated to Israel at the age of 24. Reading her poetry, it becomes clear that here, too, she remained a stranger, continuing to write and publish in Afrikaans.
13

Late childhood and adolescence growth sensitivity to political transition: the case of South African Cape coloured schoolchildren during and post-apartheid

75%
Bertens M. G. B. C., Ulijaszek S., Kozieł S., Henneberg M.
Anthropological Review
|
2012
|
vol. 75
|
issue 1
19-31
EN
South Africa underwent major social and economic change between 1987 and 1995. The release of Nelson Mandela in February 1990 proclaimed an end to the political system of apartheid, and the first freely elected non-White government in 1994 instigated social and economic reforms aimed at alleviating the consequences of apartheid. This paper aims to examine the impact of these socio-economic and political changes on height, weight and body mass index (BMI) in childhood and late adolescence. An analysis was carried out of longitudinal data of 258 urban and rural South African Cape Coloured schoolchildren (6-18 years old) across the transitional periods from apartheid between 1987 and 1990, to this transition between 1991 and 1993, and finally to post-apartheid between 1994 and 1995. The anthropometric measures were standardized into age independent Z-scores. Analyses of variance with repeated measures were conducted to examine the growth in height, weight and BMI across these periods. The results show a significant main effect of measurement periods on height, weight and BMI Z-scores. Across time, the subjects increased in overall size, height, weight and BMI. For all the anthropometric measures there was a significant interaction effect between measurement period and sex, but none between measurement period and SES. The average increase in height, weight and BMI across time differed significantly for girls and boys, the average z-scores being greater in girls than in boys. For boys, there was little difference in height, weight and BMI Z-scores according to SES, and little increase across periods. Girls were generally taller, heavier with greater BMI than boys, and their scores increased across the time periods. High SES girls were taller, heavier and had higher BMI than low SES girls. Across the measurement periods, BMI and weight somewhat converged between the high and low SES girls. In the discussion these differences reflecting social sex distinctions are addressed.
14

Laws Regarding Controversial Cultural Heritage in South Africa and the United States: Public Monuments and Street Names

71%
Rowberry R., Pirie G.
Studia Iuridica
|
2016
|
vol. 63
263-283
EN
Targeting cultural heritage to buttress new political and social aims is an ancient, and unfortunately, omnipresent practice among authoritarian regimes. Pharaohs’ excised the names of predecessors (and carved their own) on Egyptian obelisk cartouches; King Edward I of England captured and transported the Stone of Scone – Scotland’s coronation stone – to Westminster Abbey in 1296; Chairman Mao’s ‘Great Leap Forward’ led to the wholesale destruction of Chinese feudal culture in the mid-20th century; the Nazis methodically bombed and bulldozed over 90% of Warsaw’s historic Old Town; and the Islamic State (ISIS) recently demolished the tomb of the biblical prophet, Jonah, in Iraq. Calculated removal of cultural heritage, however, is also a modern widespread concern in representative governments like South Africa and the United States. This is particularly true when historic monuments and street names highlight controversial chapters of the past, like slavery and racial inequality. Monuments and street names that some associate with slavery and racial inequality are significant threads that delineate and reinforce a distinct cultural narrative of identity and importance across many urban tapestries in South Africa and the United States. But the laws for protecting or removing controversial monuments and street names in these two countries has received little attention. This article will, therefore, examine and compare the legal frameworks for protecting or removing controversial historic monuments and renaming controversial streets in South Africa and the United States.
PL
Działania wymierzone w dziedzictwo kulturowe z zamiarem wsparcia nowych politycznych i społecznych celów w świecie antycznym i niestety obecnie było i jest powszechną praktyką reżimów autorytarnych. Faraonowie usuwali imiona swych poprzedników (i dłutowali własne) na egipskich obeliskach; król Edward I zabrał i przetransportował kamień ze Scone – szkocki kamień koronacyjny – do Opactwa Westminsterskiego w 1296; maoistowski Wielki Skok Naprzód doprowadził do zniszczenia całej chińskiej struktury feudalnej w połowie XX wieku. Naziści systematycznie bombardowali i zrównali z ziemią ponad 90% warszawskiego Starego Miasta; ISIS ostatnio zniszczyło grobowiec biblijnego proroka Jonasza w Iraku. Niszczenie dziedzictwa kulturalnego z premedytacją dotyczy także legitymowanych rządów, jak na przykład w RPA czy USA. Ma to znaczenie głównie w odniesieniu do zabytków i nazw ulic kojarzących się z kontrowersyjną przeszłością, jak niewolnictwo i nierówność rasowa. Zabytki i nazwy ulic, które łączą się z niewolnictwem i nierównością rasową, to poważne kwestie wytyczające i wzmacniające odrębną narrację kulturową, mające znaczenie na wielu płaszczyznach miejskich w RPA i USA. Ale prawu chroniącemu bądź niwelującemu kontrowersyjne zabytki i nazwy ulic w obu krajach poświęcono dotychczas mało uwagi. Niniejszy artykuł bada i konfrontuje ze sobą ramy prawne ochrony lub niwelacji kontrowersyjnych zabytków i zmieniania kontrowersyjnych nazw ulic w RPA i USA.
15
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Selekcyjna funkcja południowoafrykańskiego systemu edukacji w czasach apartheidu (1948–1994)

65%
Gmerek T.
Nauki o Wychowaniu. Studia Interdyscyplinarne
|
2018
|
vol. 6
|
issue 1
89-114
EN
The article is an analysis of the selective function of education in South Africa during the apartheid period (1948–1994). It contains considerations regarding racial segregation practices and the role of education in reconstructing social diversity in South African education. The analyzes are based on theoretical concepts of social closure. They refer to selection practices and discrimination phenomena present in the consecutive stages of the development of the education system in South Africa.
PL
Artykuł stanowi analizę selekcyjnej funkcji szkolnictwa w Republice Południowej Afryki w okresie apartheidu (1948–1994). Zawarto w nim rozważania dotyczące praktyk segregacji rasowej i roli szkolnictwa w odtwarzaniu zróżnicowania społecznego w południowoafrykańskiej edukacji. Analizy osadzone są w teoretycznych koncepcjach zamknięcia społecznego. Odnoszą się one do praktyk selekcyjnych oraz zjawisk dyskryminacji obecnych w kolejnych etapach rozwoju systemu edukacji w RPA.
16
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The development of South African higher education within the apartheid system (1948-1994) – selected aspects

65%
Gmerek T.
Biuletyn Historii Wychowania
|
2018
|
issue 38
97-114
PL
The article include the consideration of development of South African Higher Education System in Apartheid Era (1948-1994). Particular emphasis was placed on reconstructing educational practices and policy that is implemented toward different racial groups in South Africa. An attempt was made at examining the relationship between schooling, segregation processes, discrimination practices and the development of higher education institutions.
17
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„Demokratyzacja sztuki” w Republice Południowej Afryki w kontekście muzealnictwa

63%
Pawłowska A.
Afryka
|
2017
|
issue 45
77-98
EN
Museums are important sites of national cultural output, collective memory making, and the construction of national narratives. Contemporary South Africa is a particularly interesting place to study these processes. With the demise of apartheid, South Africa faces the difficult challenge of creating a new national identity that incorporates an examination of past oppression, yet leaves the way open for building a national identity that incorporates all its diverse groups. While social problems such as poverty, racial inequalities, disease and unemployment still remain and need to be addressed within South Africa, the museums as well as art itself can and should be treated as an outlet to reveal, question and resolve many important issues. The museums reviewed below, such as the South African National Gallery – SANG in Cape Town and the Museum Africa, Johannesburg Art Gallery – JAG, or the Apartheid Museum in Johannesburg and Art Gallery all make important contributions to this process.
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