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Ehe und Familie in der frühlateinischen Apologetik (Minucius Felix, Tertullianus)

100%
Kytzler B.
Vox Patrum
|
1985
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vol. 8
89-94
PL
BRAK
2
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Teologia wcielenia u apologetów greckich II wieku

100%
Misiarczyk L.
Vox Patrum
|
2000
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vol. 38
41-70
IT
Le analisi sopra condotte ci hanno fatto vedere chiaramente che il II secolo era nonostante tutto un periodo molto fecondo della riflessione cristiana sul mistero dell’incarnazione del Figlio di Dio. Lo schema dominante dell’esposizione di questa tematica, salvo Aristide, e stato quello chiamato comunemente Logos-anthropos completato nel contesto della polemica contro il docetismo eon quello Logos-sarx. In modo esplicito veniva espressa anche la fede nella nascita verginale di Gesu Cristo.
3
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Pisarze wczesnochrześcijańscy wobec filozofii starożytnej (cz. I)

100%
Leonkiewicz Ł.
ELPIS
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2013
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vol. 15
117-128
EN
Christian theology often is called Christianized philosophy. However in the early centuries of Christianity Christianwriters don’t refer to the ancient philosophy positively. The philosophy was a relic of paganism, and treated it’s teachingsas vain and chattery philosophical views. The first Christian writers had to face up with philosophy, so many of them critically or positively wrote about it. The first time apostle Paul came into contact with philosophers during his stay in Athens. Apologists then went on to write about the philosophers just as later the Fathers of the Church drew inspiration from ancient philosophy as well. In their opinion theology and philosophy differed from each other like the truth from the belief. Revealed in Scripture the knowledge about God is truth, because it was proclaimed by the prophets and apostles,which was inspired of the Holy Spirit. They didn’t speak from himself, but God spoke through them. But philosophers trusted their own mind and were seeking knowledge about the beginning, about truth, about God etc. Since the first century, Christian theology and philosophy saw this bond of “mutual understanding” unite them to this day.
4
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Angelology in the Writings of Justin Martyr, Tatian and Athenagoras

100%
Misiarczyk L.
Vox Patrum
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2023
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vol. 88
7-30
EN
The aim of the study was to analyze the texts of Justin, Tatian and Athenagoras on the subject of angels. I do this on three points: the creation of angels by God/Logos as free beings (1); the tasks of angels (2) the sin of angels and the final annihilation of demons/evil angels. All three authors emphasize that God created angels and people as free beings, and therefore also responsible for their actions, and entrusted them with the care of people and his creation. However, some angels were deceived by the first angel (Tatian) or by the hostile power (Athenagoras), who let himself be carried away by vain glory, broke all ties of dependence on God and wanted to appropriate the deity. He turned into a demon and his followers into a host of demons. Athenagoras combines the concept of Tatian and Justin, stating that the power/spirit to whom God entrusted the management of matter and its forms, insulted its own essence and the power entrusted to it, and the angels from the first vault sinned by intercourse with women, which gave birth to giants. Tatian’s and Athenagoras’ concept of the sin of angels is definitely less mythical than that of Justin. According to Tatian and Athenagoras, this state of fallen angels is irreversible.
PL
Opracowanie stawia sobie za cel analizę tekstów Justyna, Tacjana i Atenagorasa na temat aniołów. Czynię to w trzech punktach: stworzenie aniołów przez Boga/Logos jako istot wolnych (1); zadania aniołów (2) oraz grzech aniołów i ostateczne unicestwienie demonów/złych aniołów. Wszyscy trzej autorzy podkreślają, że Bóg stworzył aniołów i ludzi jako istoty wolne, a więc też odpowiedzialne za swoje czyny i powierzył im opiekę nad ludźmi i swoim stworzeniem. Niektóre jednak anioły dały się zwieść pierwszemu aniołowi (Tacjan) czy mocy wrogiej (Atenagoras), który dał się ponieść próżnej chwale, zerwał wszelkie więzy zależności od Niego i chciał zawłaszczyć bóstwo. Zamienił się w demona, a jego zwolennicy w zastęp demonów. Atenagoras łączy koncepcję Tacjana i Justyna stwierdzając, że moc/duch, której Bóg powierzył zarząd nad materią i jej formami, znieważyła istotę swojego bytu i powierzoną jej władzę, zaś aniołowie z pierwszego sklepienia zgrzeszyli współżyciem z kobietami z czego narodzili się giganci. Koncepcja grzechu aniołów Tacjana i Atenagrasa jest zdecydowanie mniej mityczna niż Justyna. Według Tacjana i Atenagorasa ten stan upadku aniołów jest nieodwracalny.
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