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EN
The article is an attempt to synthesize discriminatory practices against the deaf. Deaf people and their culture are subject to colonizing practices by hearing people. A sign language is considered a worse form of communication. Little public information is translated into a sign language. From an early age deaf children undergo rehabilitation to learn speechreading and lipreading (e.g. using cued speech), or the use of indirect methods between a natural sign language and Polish language, i.e. the signed Polish is forced. A complete ban on the use of sign language is often suggested to make the rehabilitation process more effective. The knowledge concerning deaf education or logopedics for the hearing impaired people often constructs and maintains the unfair image of the deaf. The medical discourse focuses on disability and frailty of the deaf. All this creates a negative image of a deaf person, who becomes a stranger in the oral culture. There is a strong pressure to make the deaf adapt and start “to hear”. These actions are an attempt to acculturate the culture of the deaf.
Rocznik Lubuski
|
2022
|
vol. 48
|
issue 2
159-171
EN
This article is an attempt to bring readers closer to the Deaf Community and the Polish Sign Language (PJM) as an element of the cultural identity of the Deaf Community. The text attempts to introduce the history of the Polish Sign Language and point to its elements as the natural language of Deaf people (including manual and non-manual components, visual and spatial grammar). An important element of the article is a reference to legal acts concerning the use of sign language in education of the Deaf. The text also aims to highlight the problems in communication for Deaf people in public institutions, e.g. government offices, hospitals.
PL
Artykuł jest próbą przybliżenia czytelnikom Wspólnoty Głuchych oraz polskiego języka migowego (PJM) jako elementu tożsamości kulturowej społeczności Głuchych. W tekście starano się przybliżyć historię polskiego języka migowego i wskazać na jego elementy jako języka naturalnego osób Głuchych (m.in. komponenty manualne i niemanualne, gramatykę wizualnoprzestrzenną). Ważnym elementem artykułu jest odniesienie do aktów prawnych dotyczących edukacji osób Głuchych w języku migowym. Celem tekstu jest także, zwrócenie uwagi na problemy w komunikacji osób Głuchych w jednostkach użyteczności publicznej m.in. w urzędach państwowych, szpitalach.
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