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EN
The article urges the requirement of education content change by demands of society. Vehicles that serve for persons and goods transportation have relevant economic and ecological consequences in terms of the newest knowledge application. The production and exploitation of vehicles are affected by the level of education. For example, a gear-box has made a complex change of concept from uniform engineering product to product with multi branch character that consist parts of machinery, electric, information technology, including sensors, etc. Relevant changes will occur presumably in terms of new driving systems application.
EN
The constant technological changes and its impact in the labor force are causing a domino effect that can change corporate culture, laws and workers in upcoming years. The importance of Artificial Intelligence for companies is also a mayor subject that may cause conflicts among cities around the world. Seasonal workers, 24 hours contracts, and informal methods of employments are reducing the possibilities of collective agreements and job satisfaction. Consequently, the so-called “Information Society”, labor modifications and role transformations have played a key role and have had an ascending evolution. There are different jobs that have been relegated to a substantial change in different industries due to all the information technology advances and robotics innovations. This process will increase in upcoming decades by establishing new types of jobs to sustain this changing economy. The controversy starts when this “macro” and “micro” vision collide with those people who have been dismissed due to the automation process. Because of the facts mentioned and current market trends, we can confirm that digital changes and transformations will continue to increase.
EN
The article deals with possibilities of machine vision used mostly at production process. It calls attention to possibilities how to increase essentially an effectiveness and a productivity at many fields of production process and possibilities of cooperation between production facilities and a human or by complete substitution of human.
EN
High Frequency Trading (HFT) has significantly affected the financial market - how trade is performed, types of employees hired, technology, or even market regulations. There are arguments that important risks arrive from trade automation, especially with the use of ultra-low latency trading systems. It also gives a possibility of achieving (higher) returns more quickly with less residual losses, i.e. algorithms may lead to a lower risk of exposure than traditional ‘human' traders. A higher level of automation in trading companies is a reality, which brings important management issues. The rise in competition between algo-traders has led to the rise of the so-called Quant 2.0: the rebirth of complex algorithms and artificial intelligence to collect, extract and process information available from any source of information. im of this article is, through a literature review, to present the main issues concerning automation in financial trading companies, and how the highly probable introduction of the Blockchain technology may affect HFT and the financial market - either the general market design, or specifically, how trading is performed.
EN
The article deals with evolution of control parts of automatic systems and changes in consequence with it, which were needed for knowledge to designers of automation systems. It analyses basic requirements at running of modern control systems and structure of specialist qualification of automatic systems and related areas of information and communication technologies caused by requirements.
EN
The tabular structure of legal texts and the principles of their drafting result in the frequent use of various types of references, which has a negative impact on the comprehensibility of the law. As legal texts are nowadays drafted and made available in electronic format, it is reasonable to try to develop automated mechanisms for checking the correctness of references contained in these texts. The paper shows how a particular type of automated and dedicated information management mechanisms, offered by the so-called adaptive hypertexts, can be used for this purpose. The authors focus primarily on describing the specificity of this type of tools and on analyzing the possibilities, principles and prospects of their use in order to improve the quality of legal texts, in particular their comprehensibility.
EN
Modern work processes are conditioned by many factors, among which technical progress seems to be a key determinant. In that respect, automation and its implementation within business processes as the result of technical progress, changes the content of the work of production and office processes, modifies job requirements for employees as well as the demand for many professions, and also generates completely new areas of human activity. The paper presents the social effects of automation from the perspective of changes in the content of work caused by the technical progress of work processes. As part of the defined intention, three phenomena describing the impact of technical progress on the content of the work were identified, i.e. no-skill-biased technical change, skill-biased technical change and talent-biased technical change. Referring to representative scientific research, the potential scope of automation was also presented. In particular, there was pointed out that activities most susceptible to automation include physical activities in highly structured and predictable environments, as well as data collection and processing.
XX
Współczesne procesy pracy uwarunkowane są wieloma czynnikami, wśród których kluczowy jest postęp techniczny. W takim znaczeniu automatyzacja procesów biznesowych, jako skutek postępu technicznego, zmienia treść pracy w ramach procesów produkcyjnych i biurowych, modyfikuje wymagania stawiane pracownikom w procesach pracy, a także zmienia zapotrzebowanie na wiele zawodów, w tym generuje nowe obszary ludzkiej aktywności. W opracowaniu przedstawiono społeczne skutki automatyzacji z punktu widzenia zmian w treści pracy spowodowanych postępem technicznym procesów pracy. W ramach tak określonego zamierzenia dokonano identyfikacji zjawisk opisujących wpływ postępu technicznego na treść pracy. Odnosząc się do reprezentatywnych badań naukowych, przedstawiono również potencjalny zakres automatyzacji. Wskazano, że działania najbardziej podatne na automatyzację obejmują aktywności fizyczne w wysoce ustrukturyzowanych i przewidywalnych środowiskach, a także gromadzenie i przetwarzanie danych.
Bezpieczny Bank
|
2020
|
vol. 81
|
issue 4
111-135
EN
Robotic process automation (RPA) allows to transfer manual operations within computer systems to software robots (programs), which act as “virtual equivalents” of employees. It is a new approach to process improvement, where, unlike traditional automation software, robots use computer systems not in a way typical for machines, but similarly to how humans do. The article aims to present the application of RPA and to show its impact on the functioning of the bank as an organization level and its employees. The thesis put forward in the paper assumes that robotic automation significantly transform banks’ operation. A literature review and state-of-the-art industry reports has been used. The principles of operation of software robots, their advantages, and specific features that distinguish them from alternative solutions for improving processes are presented. Motives for their application which are relevant for banking have been presented, followed by a description of examples of robotization of bank typical processes. Risks and challenges related to the implementation of robots have been pointed out. The expected future competences of bank employees have been discussed, which may be crucial in relation to working in a highly automated and robotized environment. The paper presents the multifaceted impact of robotization on the functioning of the bank and its employees.
PL
Zrobotyzowana automatyzacja procesów (RPA) pozwala przekazać operacje wykonywane przez człowieka w systemach komputerowych robotowi programowemu (programowi), stanowiącemu „wirtualny ekwiwalent” pracownika. Jest to nowe podejście do usprawniania procesów, gdzie w odróżnieniu od tradycyjnego oprogramowania automatyzującego, roboty programowe korzystają z systemów komputerowych nie w sposób typowy dla maszyn a zbliżony do tego, jak robi to człowiek. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie zastosowania RPA w bankach oraz wskazanie jej wpływu na działanie banku oraz jego pracowników. Postawiono tezę, że robotyzacja w istotny sposób zmienia funkcjonowanie banków. W pracy posłużono się przeglądem literatury, w tym opracowań branżowych. Przedstawiono zasady działania robotów programowych, ich zalety oraz specyficzne cechy odróżniające je od alternatywnych rozwiązań usprawniających procesy. Wskazano istotne dla banków argumenty za ich wdrażaniem, a ich omówienie uzupełniono przykładami robotyzacji procesów typowych dla bankowości. Przedstawiono ryzyka i wyzwania związane z wdrażaniem robotyzacji. Wskazano oczekiwane, przyszłe kompetencje pracowników banków, które są kluczowe w pracy w wysoce zautomatyzowanym i zrobotyzowanym środowisku. W pracy zaprezentowano wieloaspektowy wpływ automatyzacji procesów na funkcjonowanie banku i jego pracowników.
SK
Na základných školách sa od roku 2013 posilnilo technické vzdelávanie žiakov, na stredných odborných školách sa zavádza duálne vzdelávanie, a tak isto sa očakáva, že na potrebu technicky zdatných odborníkov zareagujú nejakým spôsobom aj univerzity. Vysoké školy sledujú zmeny na trhu práce a snažia sa primerane na ne reagovať. Ponúkajú študentom nové predmety, ktoré im rozširujú vedomosti a zručnosti v niektorej oblasti.Článok sa zaoberá prieskumom záujmu študentov o rozšírenie svojho vzdelania v oblasti automatizácie. Výsledky prieskumu uskutočnené pomocou dotazníka hovoria o záujme študentov bez ohľadu na to, ktorý študijný program študujú.
EN
Primary schools have been stepping up technical education for students since the year 2013, while dual-level education is being introduced at secondary technical schools, and it is also ex-pected that universities will respond to the need for technically competent professionals. Universi-ties are looking at changes in the labor market and trying to respond appropriately to them. They offer students new subjects that expand their knowledge and skills in some areas. The article deals with a survey of students' interest in expanding their education in the field of automation. The results of the questionnaire survey speak of the interest of students no matter which study program they are studying.
XX
Cybernetic states of law try to plan each activity – especially migration issues. The planning process has the following question originating in socio-cybernetics in its core: Where can it be assumed that the population characteristics are higher/lower than rational? The planning levels can be different: from the continent or country levels via statistic regions or micro-regions to settlements (even at the street and house levels). Parallel to the aggregation like population density (or annual growth rate), models can also be developed for arbitrary layers of demographical statistics, like the required ratio of males and females in different age-groups and/or education categories, etc. The models can analyze time-periods (e.g., years, time intervals) to ensure that dynamic processes will not actually be covered through static evaluation. The necessary data asset (a kind of Big Data) is given by OECD/EUROSTAT, for example The questions and data assets are well-known. The modeling methodology consists of potential know-how: through estimations of staircase functions in the framework of online similarity analyses, regional norm values can be derived for targeted population characteristics. Therefore, the European strategy concerning the integration of massive volumes of migrants can be supported in an objective way. Analogue analyses with the same methodology have already been derived for parts of Germany and Hungary. Similarity analysis is an artificial intelligence-based approach with its own consistence-oriented quality assurance layers. The data-driven policy creation needs methodologies where ob-jectivity is provided through optimization in the modeling based on arbitrary phenomena. The modeling philosophy should try to ensure a kind of regional multi-layered equilibrium (sustainability, cf. Kazohinia). The outlined methodology can be seen as a sort of automated SWOT analysis where each conclusion will be derived from the raw statistics in a direct way – without the risk of human subjectivity intervening in the process. The modeling spectrum consists of three levels: (1) Explorative modeling is able to derive basic characteristics for ceteris paribus perspectives through the complex functions. The standard analytical potential works with ceteris paribus parameters, based on the appropriate literature sources. (2) Anti-discriminative modeling is capable of deriving ranks for objects without an actual learning pattern, for the so-called production functions. (3) A cybernetic state of law should be able to have robot-planning values supporting human decision processes. Therefore, 'freedom of press' is basically the capability to explore and publish objective force fields and not to catalyze the spread of subjective evaluations.
EN
The aim of this essay is to examine the long-term evolution of the material reproductive vehicles of society. The fairly continuous trend of economic integration and progressive enfranchisement of the world’s people is indicated, ascertainable even with the emergence from general slavery of ancient times, through feudalism to the modern stage of industrialism and widespread national sovereignties. With greater political expression has come higher degrees and penetration of economic prosperity. Both vicious and virtuous tendencies of automation are considered. The necessary foundation of living labor is recognized.
EN
Background: There is a growing problem of the increasing amount of unsorted municipal wastes with the resulting consequences for the environment. The aim of this study was to present a new solutions of the system for the decentral fractioning of municipal wastes, which enable simplification and improvement of the process together with the reduction of total costs. Methods: The description of the problem of the increasing amount of unsorted municipal wastes with the resulting consequences for the environment as well as an alternative solution for the decentral fractioning of such wastes was presented. The influence onto the environment as well as the efficiency of the costly mechanical sorting of wastes was queried. The nowadays used principles of sorted and unsorted waste disposal were elucidated and their advantages and disadvantages evaluated. Results and conclusions: Based on this evaluation an innovative and future oriented development of an automated system for the decentral fractioning of municipal wastes was presented. The new developed systems aim at the achievement of an easier, less costly and environment-friendlier process for the disposal of municipal wastes from apartment buildings.
EN
Nowadays, Intelligent Transport Systems is a global scale process that contributes to the use various of technologies in transport to protect lives, save money and time, and protect the world around us. The technologies use includes elements of microelectronics, communications and software, as well as such fields as transport engineering, telecommunications, IT, finance, electronics, and vehicle technology. Day by day, autonomous vehicles are gaining more interest, not only among car drivers, but also in public transport units.
PL
W dzisiejszych czasach Inteligentne systemy transportowe to proces na skalę globalną, który przyczynia się do stosowania różnorodny technologii wykorzystywanych w transporcie w celu ochrony życia, oszczędności pieniędzy oraz czasu jak i ochrony otaczającego nas świata. Wykorzystywane technologie zrzeszają w sobie elementy mikroelektroniki, łączności i oprogramowania oraz takie dziedziny jak inżynieria transportu, telekomunikacja, informatyka, finanse, elektronika, oraz technologia pojazdu. Z dnia na dzień pojazdy autonomiczne zyskują większe zainteresowanie, nie tylko wśród kierowców samochodów osobowych, ale także w jednostkach transportu zbiorowego.
PL
Cel: Celem artykułu jest ukazanie wyzwań, przed którymi stoi współczesny rynek pracy w związku z postępującą automatyzacją i robotyzacją. Metodyka badań: Do osiągnięcia celu wykorzystano metody jakościowe: analizę literatury przedmiotu oraz analizę opublikowanych raportów badawczych. Wyniki badań: Analiza informacji zawartych w literaturze przedmiotu oraz raportach badawczych pozwoliła zidentyfikować wybrane korzyści oraz koszty związane z postępującym w wielu sferach gospodarki procesem automatyzacji i robotyzacji, a zarazem określić konsekwencje tego procesu na rynku pracy. Wnioski: Procesy automatyzacji i robotyzacji wywierają znaczący wpływ na kształt i funkcjonowanie współczesnego rynku pracy w odniesieniu zarówno do pracodawców, jak i pracowników. Wiedza z zakresu specyfiki zmian technologicznych oraz możliwych do wystąpienia problemów na rynku pracy, związanych z procesem automatyzacji i robotyzacji, stanowi punkt wyjścia do opracowania skutecznych działań przezwyciężających te trudności. Wkład w rozwój dyscypliny: Prezentowane w artykule treści stanowią wkład do dyskursu dotyczącego zmian na rynku pracy wywołanych postępującą automatyzacją i robotyzacją.
EN
Objective: To examine the challenges facing today’s labour market in the context of progressing automation and robotisation. Research Design & Methods: To achieve the purpose of this article, the subject literature and research reports were analysed. Findings: Selected benefits and costs related to the process of automation and robotisation in numerous spheres of the economy were identified and the consequences for the labour market were determined. Implications / Recommendations: Automation and robotisation processes have a significant impact on how the modern labour market functions for both employers and employees. Knowledge of the technological changes and possible problems on the labour market related to automation and robotisation is the starting point for developing effective measures to overcome these difficulties. Contribution: The article contributes to the discourse on changes in the labour market caused by progressive automation and robotisation.
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PL
Przedstawiono zagadnienia jakości powietrza w czystych strefach produkcyjnych oraz zaprezentowano wyniki badania poziomu stężenia cząstek stałych w środowisku wytwarzania wyrobów medycznych na przykładzie przedsiębiorstwa produkcyjnego przemysłu medycznego w kontekście automatyzacji produkcji. Wykorzystano metodę case study, opierając się na danych zgromadzonych w ramach badania jakości powietrza w jednym z krajowych zakładów produkcyjnych. Osiągnięte wyniki wskazują na istnienie pozytywnego związku procesu automatyzacji linii produkcyjnej z jakością powietrza w strefach produkcyjnych w odniesieniu do norm dla klasy pomieszczeń czystych ISO 8 (zgodnie z normą ISO 14644-1).
EN
The purpose of this paper is to present air quality in clean rooms in which manufacturing processes take places, and present research results of solid particles contamination in production environment of medical devices on the example of manufacturing company from medical devices branch in the context of manufacturing automation. For this aim case study research method was chosen. Input data for this research were collected from air contamination tests performed in one of Polish manufacturing plants. Gained results show a positive relation between process automation and air purity in manufacturing clean rooms in relation to the applicable ISO 8 requirements (according to ISO 14644-1).
EN
The article presents possibilities of implementation SMAC/BRAID technologies in the purchasing process. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the application of SMAC/BRAID technologies in the company’s purchasing process. The research is based on a critical literature review and survey results. The article is of a practical nature. The findings confirm that the integration of the SMAC/BRAID technologies creates a new working environment enabling improved communication, process transparency and, in particular, improved decision-making process. The identified barriers to the digitalization of the purchasing process are high costs of purchasing technology, lack of knowledge about available technologies, and their impact on purchasing processes, as well as the lack of specialists able to operate the technology (lack of sufficient competences among employees), lack of decision-making ability of managers on the implementation of technology, trust in technology, fear of losing partnerships with suppliers, fear of losing workplace, low quality of data collected in systems, lack of legal regulations, lack of universality of technology. The benefits of the purchasing process digitalization include, in particular, saving time, reducing costs, unlocking employees from repetitive activities, improving the efficiency of processes by minimizing the number of errors made by employees, faster response to emergency situations, e.g. inconsistencies in delivery incorrect invoices, etc., faster access to information, tightening of expenses (automation in the verification of prices, indices, bank accounts, etc.), standardization of processes and elimination of dispersed responsibility, as well as the development of employees’ digital competences.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono możliwości zastosowania technologii SMAC/BRAID w procesie zakupowym. Celem opracowania jest ocena zastosowania technologii SMAC/BRAID w procesie zakupowym przedsiębiorstwa. Badania przeprowadzono, opierając się na krytycznym przeglądzie literatury oraz wynikach badania pilotażowego. Artykuł ma charakter praktyczny. Przeprowadzone analizy dowiodły, że integracja technologii SMAC/BRAID stwarza nowe środowisko pracy umożliwiające poprawę jakości komunikowania się, transparentność procesu, a w szczególności usprawnienie procesu podejmowania decyzji. Korzyści, jakie płyną z digitalizacji procesu zakupowego, to: oszczędność czasu, obniżenie kosztów, uwolnienie pracowników od wykonywania rutynowych czynności, poprawa efektywności procesów poprzez minimalizację liczby błędów popełnianych przez pracowników, szybsza reakcja na sytuacje awaryjne, szybszy dostęp do informacji, uszczelnienie w zakresie wydatków, standaryzacja procesów i eliminowanie rozproszonej odpowiedzialności, a także rozwój kompetencji cyfrowych pracowników.
EN
The role of Artificial Intelligence and Automation has evolved dramatically and exponentially in recent times and there is a great deal of debate on the impact of this on society in general. This paper essentially presents perspectives to examine the role of Artificial Intelligence and it’s economic and social impact to assess the effects of the growth of this technology on the human race and also examine the various opportunities and challenges that Artificial Intelligence could bring about. The paper attempts to study the impact of Artificial Intelligence and Automation on the jobs landscape and summarizes the challenges which policy makers would have to deal with to harmonize the growth of technology and its societal impact.
SK
V práci je navrhnutý nový koncept riešenia riadenia vzdialených reálnych experimentov (VRE). Navrhnutý koncept vychádza z využitia prvkov priemyselnej automatizácie pri konštrukcii VRE. Ich využívanie v aplikáciách konštruovania VRE, prináša oproti doteraz použitým systémom, podstatné technické a ekonomické výhody. Úspešným aplikovaním prvkov priemyselnej automatizácie v konkrétnom VRE „Merania prúdenia tekutín“, ktorý bol zostavený na Katedre techniky a informačných technológií PF UKF v Nitre, bola preukázaná vhodnosť použitej koncepcie pre navrhovanie VRE v edukácii.
EN
A new concept of solution for controlling of remote control experiments (RCE) designed in described in the paper. The designed concept is based on the use of elements of industrial automation at the construction of the RCE. Their use in applications of design of the RCE brings substantial technical and economic benefits in comparison to previously used systems. The successful application in the educational process it has been proved a relevance of the used concept for designing of the RCE in the education by using the elements of industrial automation in the particular RCE “Measurements of fluid flow” created by the Department of Technology and Information Technology on Faculty of Education, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra.
EN
The use of modern information and technologies in public administration is closely related to the progressing informatization process. Its development and adaptation to the requirements of modern times lead to the appearance of certain varieties, processes resulting from it or as a consequence of it. In this case, it is a process of automation corresponding to informatization, visible in the area of personal administrative law thanks to the electronic service provided for in the Act: Law on civil status records, Law on population records and identity cards. This study is devoted to determining the essence of this type of service and referring to the extension of its functionality in the light of the Act of 14 October 2021 amending the Act on identity cards and certain other acts.
PL
Wykorzystywanie w administracji publicznej nowoczesnych technologii – informacyjnych pozostaje w ścisłym związku z postępującym procesem informatyzacji. Jego rozwój i dostosowanie do wymagań współczesnych czasów prowadzi do pojawiania się pewnych jego odmian, procesów będących jego wynikiem albo następstwem. Chodzi w tym wypadku o korespondujący z informatyzacją proces automatyzacji uwidaczniający się w obrębie osobowego prawa administracyjnego dzięki usłudze elektronicznej przewidzianej w treści ustawy: Prawo o aktach stanu cywilnego, Prawo o ewidencji ludności i o dowodach osobistych. Określeniu istoty tego rodzaju usługi oraz odwołaniu się do rozszerzenia jej funkcjonalności w świetle ustawy z dnia 14 października 2021 r. o zmianie ustawy o dowodach osobistych oraz niektórych innych ustaw poświęcone jest niniejsze opracowanie.
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