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Suwerenność państwa w normatywistycznej teorii prawa Františka Weyra (1879–1951)

100%
Lewandowski B.
Przegląd Sejmowy
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2016
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issue 6(137)
91-114
EN
The normative theory of law developed by one of its greatest pre-war supporters, František Weyr, has been the result of a critical analysis of the previously dominant forms of legal research. The Czech philosopher of law addressed in a polemic manner several assumptions of the so called traditional study of law. He paid much attention, especially, to the concept of the state. Because of the philosophical foundations of his theory and his methodological carefulness, Weyr followed a monistic conception of the state and law. This fact determined his specifi c approach to state sovereignty (normative order), different from that proposed by Georg Jellinek and Jiři Pražák. The founder’s of the Brno neo-Kantian school of law approach to the concept of sovereignty was associated with his support for a monistic idea of international law and state law, along with the notion of supremacy of international law. The negation of the sovereignty of the state normative orders lent the Weyr’s theory a pacifi st dimension and contributed to implementation of his political thought.
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Jeden princip vládne všem

100%
Sobek T.
Právník. Teoretický časopis pro otázky státu a práva (The Lawyer - Scientific Review for Problems of State and Law)
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2024
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vol. 163
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issue 5
421-433
EN
The text deals with the applicability of the categorical imperative in contexts that are considered morally indifferent. When someone opportunistically avoids inferring a conclusion because the conclusion doesn’t please them, it’s a moral rather than a logical fault. Such a moral fault can be well explained by the categorical imperative. Kelsen considered the validity of a norm as its bindingness. But his theory allows the addressees of norms a similar logical trick to avoid inferring their legal obligation. The use of this trick again is not a logical but a moral fault. This moral fault can also be explained by the categorical imperative. But the use of the services of the categorical imperative challenges Kelsen’s legal positivism.
CS
Text se zabývá použitelností kategorického imperativu v kontextech, které jsou považovány za morálně indiferentní. Když se někdo oportunisticky vyhýbá odvození závěru, protože mu tento závěr nevyhovuje, je to spíš morální než logická chyba. Takovou morální chybu lze dobře vysvětlit pomocí kategorického imperativu. Kelsen uvažoval platnost normy jako její závaznost. Jeho teorie ale umožňuje adresátům norem podobný logický trik, jak se vyhýbat odvození své právní povinnosti. Používání tohoto triku opět nemá povahu logické, ale morální chyby. Tuto morální chybu lze také vysvětlit pomocí kategorického imperativu. Využití služeb kategorického imperativu ale zpochybňuje Kelsenův právní pozitivismus.
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