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EN
It is a recent tendency to read certain pre- and early-modern thinkers as “anticipatory critics” of modernity; the name of Michel de Montaigne often comes up in this context. Most of the critical approaches treat Montaigne like a pre-Rousseau proto-romantic which is indeed is an important part of Montaigne’s thinking. However, as I show in this paper, his Essays also allow for a different interpretation. Namely, I demonstrate that 1) Montaigne’s appraisal of Nature is far from a romantic-idyllic one; 2) his understanding of the interspecies division is more subtle than it is often thought; 3) his thought thus interpreted includes an ethics of becoming-animal that is based on a radically anti-Platonic (and thus anti-Cartesian) body-mind economy.
EN
What is poetry for? How does poiesis or making - the Greek root of the words poetry and poetics - succeed in moving us, in getting under our skins? “Becoming Animal” argues that art and literature are crucial zones of play, transformative modes that work by mixing up self and other, inside and out, human, animal and other matter. The essay moves from a consideration of D.W. Winnicott’s psychoanalytic discussion of the relationship between play and creativity, self and other, to Howard Searles’ investigation of transference and counter-transference as possible models for engaged and sensuously attuned critical stances. The last section of the essay offers an account of the “transgenic” work of Eduardo Kac, which literally mixes genetic material as art. The essay concludes by arguing that art, as poiesis, works by engaging us in constant contact with what is not ourselves as a process of becoming ourselves; it argues that such ‘self-estrangement’ is the way we sort out how to live an ontologically rich and ethically meaningful life.
EN
Diverse concepts of animality have played important role within the processes of modern secularisation and its anti-theological turn in the modern making of “man.” By turning the conceptual focus towards the animal side of human being, and specifically by describing and explaining “the human nature” in terms of its “animality,” modern philosophical anthropology has changed, gradually, into naturalistic, godless discourse of a purely material life. The discovery of the “animal in man,” its increasing impact through evolution theory eventually led to the denial of human supremacy. Since secularisation in its essence intends to emancipate humanity, it is interesting how animalisation can be related to emancipation. In the article Montaigne’s conception of animality is examined as an early case of this thinking.
EN
The article examines the role of Rilkeʼs panther in Marica Bodrožićʼs Pantherzeit, an essay about the first corona lockdown in spring 2020. The approach is based on the methods of cultural animal studies. What can human-animal relationships contribute to understanding exceptional situations and crises such as the Covid19 pandemic? To answer this question, Bodrožićʼs panther is examined in terms of its contextualization, historicization and poetization. It becomes clear that human-animal relationships that deviate from conventional, anthropocentric readings can trigger a reorganization of self-images, identities and attitudes towards life.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest figura pantery, zaczerpnięta z wiersza Rilkego, do której odnosi się esej Pantherzeit [Czas pantery] Marici Bodrožić o lockdownie, spowodowanym pierwszą falą koronowirusa wiosną 2020 roku. Posiłkując się metodologią Cultural Animal Studies, autorka artykułu formułuje następujące pytanie: w jaki sposób relacje między człowiekiem a zwierzęciem mogą przyczynić się do lepszego zrozumienia sytuacji wyjątkowych oraz kryzysowych, w tym pandemii koronawirusa. Analiza eseju odnosi się do trzech kwestii: kontekstualizacji, historycyzacji oraz poetyzacji postaci pantery. Wynika z niej, iż interpretacja relacji między zwierzęciem a człowiekiem, wykraczająca poza typowy, antropocentryczny rodzaj lektury, może skutkować wytworzeniem nowych modeli autoprezentacji, tożsamości oraz przewartościowaniem stosunku do życia.
DE
Der Beitrag untersucht die Rolle von Rilkes Panther-Figur in Marica Bodrožićs Pantherzeit, einem Essay über den ersten Corona-Lockdown im Frühjahr 2020. Die Herangehensweise orientiert sich an den Methoden der Cultural Animal Studies. Was können Mensch-Tier-Beziehungen zum Verständnis von Ausnahmesituationen und Krisen wie der Covid19-Pandemie beitragen? Um diese Frage zu beantworten, wird Bodrožićs Panther-Figur hinsichtlich ihrer Kontextualisierung, Historisierung und Poetisierung untersucht. Dabei wird deutlich, dass Mensch-Tier-Verhältnisse, die sich von herkömmlichen, anthropozentrischen Lesarten entfernen, eine Neuordnung von Selbstbildern, Identitäten und Lebenseinstellungen anstoßen können.
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