Search results

1

Proceduralna niekonstytucyjność nowelizacji ustawy o stosunku Państwa do Kościoła Katolickiego w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej

100%

Sobczyk P.

Studia Politologiczne

|

2012

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vol. 23

235-248

EN

On the 16th of December 2010 the Act amending the Act on relations between the State and the Catholic Church was enacted in the Republic of Poland. On its basis (Article 2) legislators abolished Property Commission with the effect on the 1st of March 2011, while agreeing that it completed its work by the 28th of February 2011. The Act concerning amendments to the Act on the Relation of State to the Catholic Church was passed without an agreement between the Council of Ministers and the Conference of the Polish Episcopate. Meanwhile, in accordance to the ruling of the Constitutional Court, Article 25 of the Constitution results in the binding obligation of public authorities in searching for legislative solutions of a consensual character in the area of relations with churches and religious associations that are accepted by the recipients. It has been confirmed by the Legislative Council, which in its opinion stated that the Council of Ministers before the enactment of the Church Act, is obliged to use its best endeavors in pursuing to draw up an agreement with the appropriate authority of a church or religious organization on the proposed content of the normative. Therefore, legal uncertainties arise, which are the subject of this article, concerning the procedural legality of the Act amended on the 16th of December 2010 with Article 25.4 of the Polish Constitution.

2

Current Trends in Foreign Trade Theory and Policy

86%

Puślecki Z. W.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2017

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vol. 2 (46)

135–149

EN

In this research work, Author focus on the current analysis trends in foreign trade theory and policy. Accordance with the foreign trade policy theory further trade liberalisation and improved framework policies would increase trade and promote growth. It must be emphasized that openness to trade is associated with higher incomes and growth and there is the need for new approaches to trade cooperation in light of the forces that are currently re-shaping international business. What indicates the importance and innovativeness of the research is the presentation of the new models of the foreign trade policy and trade interests. First of all, it must underline that in the new theoretical terms in demand for trade policy very important is factor specificity. The low specificity of factors means that factor returns are equalized throughout a region’s economy. On the other hand, some factors are stuck in their present uses; therefore, factor returns are not equalized throughout a region’s economy but are industry specific. The main objective of the research task is to give a comprehensive analysis of current trends in foreign trade theory and policy and in particular models of foreign trade policy, trade interests indicated by export orientation and import sensitivity, foreign trade policy in different types of authoritarian regimes, protectionist pressures in different political system, the level of protectionist pressures, the tendencies to bilateralism in the foreign trade policy. It should be stressed that free trade in itself is not responsible for economic growth, but more significant are the determining macroeconomic stability and increasing investment.

3

Switzerland-EU Relations – between economic integration and bilateralism

86%

Czermińska M.

Central European Review of Economics & Finance

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2023

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vol. 44

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issue 3

21-44

EN

Switzerland’s foreign policy priorities include, among other things, relations not only with neighbouring countries, but also with the EU. Being a country which is located in the heart of Europe, Switzerland considers the relations with the European Union (EU) and its Member States to be of special importance. The paper aims to present mutual relations between Switzerland and the European Union over the past years, demonstrate benefits and threats arising from Switzerland’s decision to choose, as the only one of all third countries, a path of “bilateral agreements”, as well as describe possible scenarios for mutual relations following the rejection of an institutional agreement, which was expected to put that relationship on a new path. The strategy of bilateralism brings many bene fits to Switzerland. However, due to the firm position of the EU, it will be necessary to look for new scenarios for the development of mutual cooperation. Perhaps such a solution would be to renegotiate the free trade agreement with Switzerland and turn it into a next-generation trade agreement.

4

Opinia prawna w sprawie wniosku grupy kościołów do Rady Ministrów z dnia 15 lutego 2010 r.

72%

Borecki P., Pietrzak M.

Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego

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2012

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vol. 15

291-308

PL

Opinia dotyczy wniosku z dnia 15 lutego 2010 r. złożonego przez grupę dziewięciu kościołów i innych związków wyznaniowych należących do pentakostalnego nurtu chrześcijaństwa. Wniosek skierowany był do Prezesa Rady Ministrów i dotyczył przystąpienia przez Radę Ministrów do rozmów w celu zawarcia umowy i wydania odpowiedniej ustawy o stosunkach między Rzecząpospolitą Polską a wnioskującymi Kościołami, zgodnie z art. 25 ust. 5 Konstytucji RP. Analizując obowiązujące prawo oraz przebieg postępowania w sprawie wniosku autorzy opinii krytycznie oceniają działania i zaniechania w tej sprawie naczelnych organów władzy i administracji państwowej.

EN

The opinion refers to the application dated 15 February 2010 submitted by a group of nine churches and other religious associations belonging to the Pentacostal Christian movement. The application was addressed to the Prime Minister and requested the entry of the Council of Ministers into talks on concluding an agreement and passing relevant law on the relations between the Republic of Poland and the applying churches, in accordance with Article 25(5) of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. By analysing the applicable law and the administrative procedure adopted for the examining of the application, the authors share a critical opinion on the activities and omissions of the supreme bodies of public administration.

5

Searching for Solid Ground in Polish-American Relations in the Second Year of the Trump Administration

72%

Szklarski B., Ilowski P.

International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal

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2019

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vol. 23

|

issue 1

65-82

EN

Since the beginning of the Trump Administration, analysts of American foreign policy have observed several changes in the style substance and style of Washington’s international behavior with regard to both foes and friends. President Trump in his rhetoric (including social media communication) and style represent a disturbing discontinuity, especially for allies that undermines the stability of American international commitments. American allies are forced to develop new strategies for managing this new risk in relations with Washington. This paper examines the tactics employed by the government in Warsaw in that regard.

6

Trade cooperation in light of the forces that are currently re-shaping international business

58%

Puślecki Z. W.

Przegląd Politologiczny

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2021

|

issue 4

5-36

PL

W tej pracy badawczej, autor koncentruje się na analizie współpracy handlowej w świetle sił, które są obecnie re-shaping międzynarodowego biznesu. Zgodnie z teorią polityki handlu zagranicznego dalsza liberalizacja handlu i ulepszone polityki ramowe zwiększyłyby handel i promowałyby wzrost. Należy podkreślić, że otwartość na handel wiąże się z wyższymi dochodami i wzrostem, dlatego też istnieje potrzeba nowych podejść do współpracy handlowej. Tym, co wskazuje na znaczenie i innowacyjność badań, jest przedstawienie nowych modeli polityki handlu zagranicznego i interesów handlowych. Należy przede wszystkim podkreślić, że w nowych ujęciach teoretycznych w zapotrzebowaniu na politykę handlową bardzo ważne są czynniki specyficzne. Niska specyficzność czynników oznacza, że zwroty czynników są wyrównywane przez gospodarkę regionu. Z drugiej strony niektóre czynniki utknęły w swoich dotychczasowych zastosowaniach, dlatego w takim przypadku zwroty czynników produkcji nie są wyrównywane przez gospodarkę regionu, ale są specyficzne dla danego przemysłu. Głównym celem zadania badawczego jest wszechstronna analiza aktualnych tendencji w teorii i polityce handlu zagranicznego, a w szczególności modeli polityki handlu zagranicznego, interesów handlowych określanych przez orientację eksportową i wrażliwość importową, polityki handlu zagranicznego w różnych typach reżimów autorytarnych, presji protekcjonistycznych w różnych systemach politycznych, poziomu presji protekcjonistycznych, zróżnicowania polityki handlu zagranicznego między państwami, liberalizacji polityki handlu zagranicznego Chin i jej skutków, tendencji do liberalizacji handlu międzynarodowego i problemu ochrony środowiska oraz tendencji do bilateralizmu w polityce handlu zagranicznego. Należy podkreślić, że wolny handel sam w sobie nie jest odpowiedzialny za wzrost gospodarczy, ważniejsze są natomiast czynniki decydujące o stabilności makroekonomicznej oraz zwiększające inwestycje.

EN

In this research work, Author focus on the analysis trade cooperation in light of the forces that are currently re-shaping international business. Accordance to the foreign trade policy theory further trade liberalisation and improved framework policies would increase trade and promote growth. It must be emphasized that openess to trade is associated with higher incomes and growth and there are the need for new approaches to trade cooperation. What indicates the importance and innovativeness of the research is the presentation of the new models of the foreign trade policy and trade interests. First of all it must underline that in the new theoretical terms in the demand for trade policy very important is factor specificity. The low specificity of factors means that factor returns are equalized throughout a region’s economy. On the other hand some factors are stuck in their present uses; therefore, factor returns are not equalized throughout a region’s economy, but are industry specific. The main objective of the research task is to give a comprehensive analysis of current trends in foreign trade theory and policy and in particulary the models of foreign trade policy, trade interests indicated by export orientation and import sensitivity, foreign trade policy in different types of authoritarian regimes, protectionistic pressures in different political system, the level of protectionistic pressures, the variation in the foreign trade policy among states, the liberalisation of China foreign trade policy and their effects, the tendencies to international trade liberalisation and the problem of environmental protection, and the tendencies to bilateralism in the foreign trade policy. It should be stressed that free trade in itself is not responsible for economic growth, but more significant are the determining macroeconomic stability and increasing investment.

Refine search results

1 Central European Review of Economics & Finance

1 International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal

1 Polish Political Science Yearbook

1 Przegląd Politologiczny

1 Studia Politologiczne

1 Studia z Prawa Wyznaniowego

2 Puślecki Z. W.

1 Borecki P.

1 Czermińska M.

1 Ilowski P.

1 Pietrzak M.

1 Sobczyk P.

1 Szklarski B.

1 2023

1 2021

1 2019