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Biskup Michał Klepacz jako członek Episkopatu Polski

100%

Białkowski M.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2021

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vol. 30

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issue 1

19-36

EN

This paper, opening a series of publications dedicated to activities of Bishop Michał Klepacz at the Episcopal Conference of Poland, is an introduction to his biography and to the subject. Its first part presents the life and activities of the Bishop. The future Łódź ordinary was born on July 23, 1893, in the village of Wola, a suburb of Warsaw. He was ordained in 1916. He was a graduate of the Roman Catholic Theological Academy in Saint Petersburg and the Catholic University of Lublin, at which he defended his PhD dissertation in 1932. In 1936, he was appointed an Associate Professor of the Christian philosophy at the Stefan Batory University in Vilnius. The years he spent in Vilnius under Soviet, Lithuanian and, again, Soviet occupation, were dedicated to conspirational educational and research activities. During the German occupation in 1942–1944, he was held in prison and in labour camps. Following changes in state borders imposed after the end of the World War II, he was forced to leave Vilnius and settle in Białystok. And it was there where he received his appointment as a bishop of Łódź in 1947. Rev. Michał Klepacz was ordained a bishop on April 13, 1947, and his ingress to the Łódź cathedral took place one week later. During twenty years of his rule as the bishop, the most important events in the life of the Łódź Diocese included regulation of relations with the government, renewal of the priestly formation, reorganisation and development of the Church structures, and convoking of two Diocese Councils in 1948 and 1958. Bishop Michał Klepacz died on January 27, 1967, on a day preceding the millennial celebrations in the Łódź Diocese. The subsequent part of this work briefly presents the legal and structural basis of the Episcopal Conference of Poland and its specialist committees, focusing in particular on Bishop Michał Klepacz’s participation in those bodies. Furthermore, the importance of the office of the Primate of Poland was emphasised, as a person also being a chairman of the Plenary Conference and the Main Committee of the Episcopate of Poland.

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Biskup Michał Klepacz jako członek Episkopatu Polski. Część II: Działalność na forum konferencji plenarnej oraz komisji głównej episkopatu polski

100%

Białkowski M.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2021

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vol. 30

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issue 3

7-22

EN

This article focuses on activities of Bishop Michał Klepacz at the Plenary Session of the Episcopal Conference of Poland and the Main Committee of the Episcopal Conference of Poland. In 1953–1956, during imprisonment and internment of the Primate of Poland, Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński, the Łódź ordinary was a chairman of the Episcopal Conference of Poland. Circumstances of his election and his attitude towards problems of social and political life were marked by a direct interference of the Polish People’s Republic (PRL) authorities. The most important tasks executed by Bishop Michał Klepacz included: 1) specifying main directions and contents for pastoral teaching; 2) shaping relationships with the PRL authorities; 3) control and supervision over vicars capitular with powers of the residential bishop in Western and Northern Lands; and 4) general supervision over activities of religious congregations. At the same time, Bishop Michał Klepacz held a position of a chairman of the Main Committee of the Episcopal Conference of Poland, of which he had been a member already since 1949. On the return of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński to primatial sees in autumn of 1956, he remained his faithful co-worker, mainly involved in shaping relationships between the state and the Church.

PL

Biskup Michał Klepacz odegrał, w okresie powojennym, kluczową rolę w pracach Konferencji Episkopatu Polski. Latem 1949 r. powołany został w skład Komisji Głównej, pełniącej rolę prezydium Episkopatu. Aktywność ta miała związek z zasiadaniem przez ordynariusza łódzkiego w Komisji do Rozmów z Rządem/Komisji Wspólnej przedstawicieli Rządu PRL i Episkopatu Polski. Pod koniec września 1953 r. wobec aresztowania i uwięzienia kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego objął funkcję przewodniczącego Konferencji Episkopatu Polski, stając się pierwszoplanową postacią Kościoła w Polsce. Jego wybór oraz postawa wobec bieżących problemów życia społeczno-politycznego naznaczone były bezpośrednią ingerencją władz PRL. Czas rządów biskupa Michała Klepacza charakteryzowały nasiąknięte językiem propagandy komunistycznej treści nauczania pasterskiego oraz oparte na daleko posuniętym kompromisie relacje z przedstawicielami aparatu władzy. Po powrocie kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego jesienią 1956 r. na stolice prymasowskie pozostał jego oddanym współpracownikiem, przede wszystkim angażując się w kształtowanie stosunków państwo-Kościół.

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Biskup Michał Klepacz jako członek Episkopatu. Część III: działalność na forum komisji specjalistycznych episkopatu polski

71%

Białkowski M.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2022

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vol. 30

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issue 4

5-23

PL

This article focuses on activities of Bishop Michał Klepacz in the specialised committees of the Episcopate of Poland. Already in 1947, the Łódź Bishop was appointed to the Committee for Theological Studies at Church Faculties and in Seminaries, later transformed into the Studies/Studies and Seminars Committee chaired by the bishop in 1959–1967. Since 1947, he had also worked in the School Committee. Two years later, he was appointed a member of the Committee for Negotiations with the Government representing the Church (since 1956, that Committee operated as the Joint Committee of the PRL Government and the Episcopate of Poland Representatives), which was to standardise and organise relations between the Church and the Communist authorities. As a part of works of that Committee, he was one of the authors of the agreement of April 14, 1950. His activities in that body ended in 1963, with a unilateral freezing of its functioning by the PRL government. Bishop Michał Klepacz also made a substantial contribution to the works of the Press Committee, of which he was a member in the first half of the 1950s, and of the Council Committee. It should be added here that his involvement into that last body was strongly influenced by the fact that he was one of the few dignitaries of the Polish Church participating in all four sessions of the Second Vatican Council.

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3 Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

3 Białkowski M.

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Biskup Michał Klepacz jako członek Episkopatu Polski

Biskup Michał Klepacz jako członek Episkopatu Polski. Część II: Działalność na forum konferencji plenarnej oraz komisji głównej episkopatu polski

Biskup Michał Klepacz jako członek Episkopatu. Część III: działalność na forum komisji specjalistycznych episkopatu polski