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1

Spostrzeganie wsparcia społecznego i krytyki wyglądu rówieśników przez młodzież o zróżnicowanym wskaźniku BMI

100%

Wieteska A.

Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne

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2016

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issue 1(20)

125-137

EN

The social scientists focus on the negative stereotypes of the people with the excess of weight and the problems of the quality of life. Especially in the United States and Europe the stereotype of the obese person as an unattractive, lazy and less intelligent one is very common. That is why the obese people have to endure discrimination process in many fields of social life. The obese explain their problems through their own image. Today, the problem with the excess of weight touch children and the youth more and more frequently. The peers play important role in the process of creation of the children and youth body image. They can influence positive perception, yet they can make the children and youth attach negative habits to their own body perception, too. This research reveal some differences in the perception of social support and criticism from of the peers’ image by the youth with differentiated BMI index.

2

Excessive body weight versus physical fitness in adults with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities

100%

Gawlik K., Zwierzchowska A., Rosołek B., Celebańska D., Franusz G.

Szkoła Specjalna

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2020

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vol. LXXXI(1)

28-36

EN

An increasing number of people with intellectual disabilities (ID) are characterized by an excess of body weight. The impact of overweight and obesity on motor skills in this population is ambiguous. The study aimed to review the impact of overweight and obesity on the physical fitness of adults with intellectual disabilities. The study covered 128 people with ID: 70 women (W) and 58 men (M); 62 people with moderate intellectual disabilities and 66 people with severe intellectual disabilities. The following measurements were taken: body mass (BM), body height (BH), and waist circumference (WC). BMI was calculated. The physical fitness level was assessed with the Eurofit Special test. Obesity and overweight were found in 37% and 24% of W and 39% and 22% of M respectively; in 40% and 17% of people with moderate ID and 36% and 28% of people with severe ID respectively. Significant negative correlations between speed and BMI and WC, and between core muscle strength and WC were found in women. In men, negative correlations were found: between core muscle strength and BM, BMI, and WC; between flexibility and BM, BMI, and WC; between lower extremity muscle strength and BMI and WC; and between balance and BMI. Further, obese men had significantly lower scores compared to the normal weight sample in the following tests: balance (T1), lower extremity muscle strength (T2), speed (T4), and core muscle strength (T6). The study showed a relationship between obesity and scores in physical fitness tests. More relationships were found in men than women and in people with severe ID than moderate ID.

3

ВЛИЯНИЕ ЗАНЯТИЙ ГИМНАСТИКОЙ ПИЛАТЕС НА МОРФОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ СТУДЕНТОК-ПЕРВОКУРСНИЦ

88%

Надежда П., Татьяна Г., Евгений В.

Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології

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2017

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issue 4(68)

143-153

EN

Gymnastics Pilates is an affordable and full-fledged training method. It is often used in the system of rehabilitation after trauma. At the same time, information about the influence of Pilates gymnastics on the functional state of those engaged, especially female freshmen, is not enough in accessible literature. The aim of our investigation was to evaluate Pilates (strength-oriented) lessons effectiveness on higher educational establishments first-year student’ morphofunctional state. Some factors, characterizing first-year students (girls), studying at higher educational establishments and doing Pilates (strength-oriented), morphofunctional state are studied in the article. Anthropometric measurements, dynamics functional tests fulfillment results (Harvard step-test, timed expiratory capacity test, Ruffier-Dixon test) and physical training level, in comparison with group of girls, doing aerobics, are also investigated here. On the whole, monitoring results of the morphofunctional research and physical training level showed aerobics and Pilates lessons positive influence on the physical and functional state of the organism, because both kinds of gymnastics include aerobic loading, contributing to cardiorespiratory system function level increase (results of Ruffier-Dixon test, timed expiratory capacity test and respiratory excursion dynamuics). As it had been expected, such systematic lessons led to working capacity and physical training levels increase, defined by long jump length, push-ups and body flexion/extension dynamics. Participants of both groups (girls) became “slimmer”, the fact is proved by body mass and hip circumference decrease. But the said characteristics increase appeared to be more evident in the experimental group. Pilates (strength-oriented) and aerobics lessons influence physical training level positively and contribute to first-year students’ morphofunctional characteristics increase. The received results have shown greater effectiveness level of Pilates lessons, as compared to aerobics ones. So, Pilates lessons can be suggested as recommended choice among many other methods, allowing students’ health preservation and increase. When planning exercises by Pilates gymnastics, it is necessary to take into account the initial level of the morphofunctional state of those engaged. In order to optimize the training process, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive monitoring of the status of engaged students, which includes not only pedagogical tests, but also physiological studies.

4

Wpływ masy ciała na powstawanie wad stóp u studentów piątego roku fizjoterapii Uniwersytetu Rzeszows

75%

Przysada G., Drużbicki M., Łyszczak N.

Medical Review

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2013

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issue 3

319–326

PL

Wstęp: Wady stóp występują bardzo często i są problemem współczesnego społeczeństwa. Wyróżniamy wiele rodzajów wad w obrębie stóp, które wymagają specjalistycznego postępowania leczniczego. Cel: Celem pracy była ocena częstości oraz najczęstszej wady stóp u studentów piątego roku fizjoterapii Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Zbadano także czy masa ciała wpływa na występowanie wad stóp oraz determinuje poszczególne wskaźniki charakteryzujące budowę stóp. Materiał i metoda: Badaną grupę stanowiło 108 studentów piątego roku fizjoterapii Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego, w tym 80 kobiet oraz 28 mężczyzn. Badanych podzielono na dwie grupy. Pierwszą grupę stanowili studenci mający prawidłową masę ciała, drugą zaś studenci z nadwagą. Narzędziem badawczym był planktogram, który składał się z odbitek stóp: prawej i lewej. Na każdym planktogramie wykreślano kąty i wskaźniki umożliwiające określenie poszczególnych wad stóp. Wyniki: Na podstawie analizy wpływu masy ciała na poszczególne wskaźniki charakteryzujące budowę stóp wykazano, iż u osób z nadwagą wartości poszczególnych wskaźników częściej wykraczają poza normy w porównaniu z badanymi z prawidłową masą ciała. Wnioski: Wady stóp są istotnym problemem badanych studentów piątego roku fizjoterapii. Najczęściej występującymi wadami są: stopa obniżona IIº, stopa z obniżonym wysklepieniem, pięta nieprawidłowa oraz stopa płaska. Wady stóp dotyczą zarówno osób z prawidłową masą ciała, jak i z nadwagą, jednak częściej dotyczą badanych z nadwagą

EN

Introduction: Foot deformities are very common health issue in modern society. There are many kinds of different foot disorders which require specific medical procedures. Objective of the study: The purpose of the research was both to determine the frequency as well as the most common foot defects of fifth year Physiotherapy Students of Rzeszów University. It was also investigated if body mass influenced the occurrence of foot deformities as well as particular indicators that characterize foot structure were determined. Material and method: The research involved the group of 108 physiotherapy students, among them were 80 women and 28 men. The participants of the study were divided into 2 groups. The first group represented students with correct body mass, the second group included students with overweight problem. Research instrument was planktogram, which consisted of foot prints: right and left. On each planktogram angles and indicators were marked that allow to determine individual foot deformities. Results: On the basis of the analysis of body mass influence on individual indicators characterizing foot structure, the research proved that indicators exceed the norms in case of obese students in comparison to students with correct body mass Conclusions: Foot deformities are a significant problem among the researched physiotherapy students. The most common foot disorders are: II° degree low arched foot, heel malformations and flat feet. Foot deformities occur both at students with correct body mass as well as at those with the overweight issue, however foot deformities most frequently occur at students with overweight problem.

5

Wpływ BMI na stabilność posturalną kobiet w okresie wczesnej starości

75%

Olchowik G., Tomaszewski M., Czwalik A., Tomaszewska M.

Rozprawy Społeczne

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2018

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vol. 12

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issue 4

81-86

PL

Wstęp. W pracy dokonano ilościowej analizy wpływu wskaźnika BMI na stabilność posturalną kobiet w okresie wczesnej starości. Materiał i metody. Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 41 kobiet w wieku 60-74 lata. Stabilność posturalną kobiet oceniano za pomocą komputerowej dynamicznej posturografii (CDP). Oceniano użyteczność sygnałów pochodzących z narządów zmysłów biorących udział w kontroli równowagi ciała oraz prawidłowość doboru odpowiedniej strategii motorycznej. Określano wychylenia środka ciężkości ciała w kierunku przednio-tylnym i łączny wynik analizy równowagi ciała. Wyniki. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań stwierdzono ujemną korelację wskaźnika BMI badanych kobiet z wynikami analizy równowagi oraz wynikami analizy strategii motorycznej. Wnioski. Wraz ze wzrastającą wartością wskaźnika BMI zwiększa się zakres wychwiań środka ciężkości kobiet w kierunku przednio–tylnym. U osób z nadwagą stwierdzono gorsze wykorzystanie informacji somatosensorycznych i strategię stawu biodrowego. Otrzymane ilościowe zależności pomiędzy parametrami układu równowagi ciała ocenianymi w badaniu CDP a BMI wskazują na niekorzystny wpływ nadwagi i otyłości na stabilność posturalną kobiet w okresie wczesnej starości.

EN

Introduction. In this study, a quantitative analysis of the BMI index on the postural stability of women in early old age was conducted. Materials and methods. The study was conducted in a group of 41 women aged 60-74. The postural stability of women was assessed using computerized dynamic posturography (CDP). The usefulness of signals coming from sensory organs involved in the control of the body’s balance and the correctness of choosing the appropriate motor strategy were assessed. The deflections of the centre of gravity of the body in the anteroposterior direction and the combined result of body balance analysis were determined. Results. As a result of the conducted research, a negative correlation between the BMI index of the studied women and the results of the balance analysis, as well as the results of the motor strategy analysis was found. Conclusions. Along with the increase in the BMI index, there increases the range of deflections of women’s centre of gravity in the anteroposterior direction. In overweight people, worse use of somatosensory information and hip joint strategy was found. The obtained quantitative relationships between the parameters of the body balance system assessed in the CDP examination and BMI indicate the adverse effect of excessive weight and obesity on the postural stability of women in early old age.

6

Differences in nutritional status of preschool children in the context of the maternal social characteristics

75%

Potocka A., Jacukowicz A.

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

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2017

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vol. 30

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issue 5

811-821

EN

Objectives It is generally accepted that maternal factors are important in maintaining the adequate nutritional status of young children. This study was aimed at verifying whether mother’s socio-demographic (age and relationship status) and socio-economic features (education and professional status) differentiate the child’s nutritional status. Material and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted between April and October 2013. Five hundred thirty mothers of preschool children from 5 different regions of Poland were interviewed. Mothers were interviewed on their socio-demographic and socio-economic status. To assess the child’s nutritional status, body mass index (BMI) z-score and the diet indicators were calculated, such as the percentage of the estimated average requirement for energy (%EAR), the percentage of energy coming from carbohydrates (%EC), fat (%ET) and proteins (%EP). Percentage of the estimated average requirement for energy, %EC, %ET and %EP was obtained from 24-h dietary recalls conducted with the mothers. Results The results showed that mother’s education and professional status did not differentiate any of the indices of the child’s nutritional status. However, maternal age and her relationship status occurred significant (ANOVA; p < 0.05). Children of younger mothers had higher BMI z-score and higher %EC as compared to children of older mothers. Moreover, %EAR was higher among children of single mothers and it was closer to the recommended nutrition standards as compared to children of mothers with a partner. Conclusions When a child is diagnosed with any type of malnutrition, it is worth assessing various factors that might influence the nutritional status, such as child’s social background (e.g., maternal factors). Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(5):811–821

7

Psychomotor skills of Kickboxing athletes and their correlation with training experience, body mass, and technical-tactical skill levels

51%

Niewczas M., Ambroży T., Obmiński Z., Wąsacz W., Kasicki K., Rydzik Ł.

Ido Movement for Culture. Journal of Martial Arts Anthropology

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2024

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vol. 24

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issue 2

108-116

EN

Introduction. Contemporary Kickboxing is a discipline with a complex combat structure and demanding sports competition. One of the key areas determining the effectiveness of athletes is psychomotor potential. The aim of the study was to assess the psychomotor skills of Kickboxing athletes and identify their correlation with body mass and training experience. The aim of this study was to assess selected areas of psychomotor abilities in high-performance Kickboxing athletes using psychometric computer tests in the TEST2DRIVE system. A further aim was to diagnose their relationship with body mass, the training experience of the subjects and technical-tactical indicators Materials and Methods. The study consisted of a group of 44 active Kickboxing athletes. Basic anthropometric procedures were applied (body height: 176.83 cm ± 4.33; body mass: x˜ =77.18 kg ± 9.93), and a direct interview was conducted (age: x˜ =22.60±2.72; training experience: x˜ =8.98±2.64). Psychomotor skill assessments were carried out using psychometric computer tests in the TEST2DRIVE system. Four thematic tests were applied: SIRT-simple reaction time, CHORT- choice reaction time, HECOR-hand--eye coordination, and SPANT-spatial prediction. Three components were used to assess the level of technical and tactical training (effectiveness, activity and effectiveness of the attack), recorded during a 3-round fight. Statistical analyses were performed using the Statistica 13.3 package to process the results. Results. Comparative analysis revealed significant differentiation in the level of results for a given test (p<0.001). Within the Kickboxers group, very low intragroup variability was observed (CV%=9.1-15.8). Significant multiple associations were noted between training experience, body mass, and SIRT with moderate strength (R= -0.437; p<0.05) and SPANT with strong dependence (R=-0.644; p<0.05). Furthermore, during the analyses, significant strong partial correlations were demonstrated for the combination of training experience with SPANT (r= -0.644; p<0.05) and body mass with SIRT with moderate strength (r= -0.417; p<0.05). Components determining the level of training, i.e. special skills, were negatively correlated with reaction times in each test. The strongest associations were recorded for the SIRT test. Conclusions. The research indicates that in kickboxers, reaction time is associated with lower body weight, and longer training experience significantly correlates with better visual-motor skills (SPANT test). Regular kickboxing training positively impacts the development of psychomotor abilities. The specificity of movements in kickboxing justifies the use of psychometric diagnostic tests to assess motor preparedness, with higher technical-tactical skills leading to shorter reaction times.

PL

Wprowadzenie. Współczesny Kickboxing jest dyscypliną o złożonej strukturze walki oraz wymagającej rywalizacji sportowej. Jednym z kluczowych obszarów, który determinuje skuteczność zawodnika jest potencjał psychomotoryczny. Celem pracy była ocena wybranych obszarów zdolności psychomotorycz-nych u wyczynowych zawodników kickboxingu za pomocą psychometrycznych testów komputerowych w systemie TEST2DRIVE oraz zdiagnozowanie ich związku z masą ciała, doświadczeniem treningowym osób badanych oraz wskaźnikami techniczno-taktycznymi. Materiał i metoda. Badaniami objęto grupę 44 wyczynowych zawodników Kickboxingu. Zastosowano podstawową procedurę antropometrii (wysokość ciała: 176,83 cm ± 4,33; masa ciała: x˜ =77,18 kg ± 9,93), oraz przeprowadzono wywiad bezpośredni (wiek: x˜ =22,60±2,72; staż treningowy: x˜ =8,98±2,64). Oceny zdolności psychomotorycznych dokonano za pomocą psychometrycznych testów komputerowych, w systemie TEST2DRIVE. Zastosowano cztery tematyczne testy: SIRT-czas reakcji prostej, CHORT-czas reakcji wyboru, HECOR- koordynacja ręka-oko i SPANT- przewidywanie przestrzenne. Do opracowania wyników przeprowadzono analizy statystyczne z wykorzystaniem pakietu Statistica 13.3. Wyniki. Analiza porównawcza wykazała istotne zróżnicowanie, w poziomie wyniku dla danego testu (p<0,001). W grupie kickboxerów stwierdzono bardzo niskie zróżnicowanie wewnątrzgrupowe (CV%=9.1-15.8) . Odnotowano znaczące związki wielokrotne miedzy stażem treningowym, masą ciała a SIRT o umiarkowanej sile (R= -0.437;p<0.05) i SPANT o silnej zależności (R= -0.644;p<0.05). Ponadto w toku analiz wykazano znamienne, silne korelacje cząstkowe dla zestawienia stażu treningowego ze SPANT (r= -0.644;p<0.05), oraz masy ciała ze SIRT o umiarkowanej sile (r= -0.417;p<0.05). Odnotowano zależności pomiędzy trzema komponentami wyszkolenia techniczno-taktycznego, zdefiniowanymi jako efektywność, aktywność, skuteczność a wynikami testów psychometrycznymi. Generalnie, im wyższy poziom wyszkolenia tym krótszy czas reakcji, szczególnie dla testu SIRT. Wnioski. Badania wskazują, że u kickboxerów czas reakcji wiąże się z niższą masą ciała, a dłuższy staż treningowy istotnie koreluje z lepszymi umiejętnościami wzrokowo-motoryczny-mi (test SPANT). Regularny trening kickboxingu pozytywnie wpływa na rozwój zdolności psychomotorycz-nych. Specyfika ruchów w kickboxingu uzasadnia stosowanie psychometrycznych testów diagnostycznych do oceny gotowości motorycznej, przy czym wyższe umiejętności techniczno-taktyczne prowadzą do krótszych czasów reakcji.

8

DO SPORT CLIMBERS NEED EDUCATION IN THEIR EATING HABITS?

45%

Jurikova J., Alexová M., Pluháčková M.

Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas. Pedagogika

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2015

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issue 11

111-118

EN

This paper describes the sport climbing, which is more and more favored sport event practiced by the general public. The main part of the paper is focused on determining the dietary habits of athletes doing sport climbing. The survey was focused on sport climbers, who train regularly on the rocks during summer, and on artificial walls during winter. The practical part presents processing of the questionnaire about the eating habits of active sport climbers. The results show whether their eating habits are all ride. The surveying sport climbers have good eating habits, that means, sport climbers need no education in this.

PL

W artykule opisano spinaczkę sportową, która cieszy się coraz większą popularnością. W jego części zasadniczej opisano zwyczaje żywieniowe tej grupy sportowców. Badaniami objęto sportowców uprawiających wspinaczkę przez cały rok, tj. w sezonie letnim na skałkach, a w zimowym na sztucznych ściankach wspinaczkowych. Część praktyczna została poświęcona opisowi wyników badań dotyczących zwyczajów żywieniowych. Na tej podstawie wyciągnięto wnioski dotyczące edukacji żywieniowej, a w szczególności wyrobieniu odpowiednich nawyków żywieniowych.

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