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Concept of Psychopathic Positive-Adjustment Traits: A Brief Review of Theory and Research

100%
Nowakowski K.
Roczniki Psychologiczne
|
2022
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vol. 25
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issue 3
193-207
EN
Although psychopathy is commonly regarded as a disorder closely related to criminality, there is also increasing attention paid to its non-criminal form and the adaptive features of psychopathic personality. The aim of this article is to introduce the concept of psychopathic traits of good adaptation, both in light of the theoretical foundations of the construct and the empirical data. The article demonstrates the presence of such traits in classical and contemporary models of psychopathy, in the evolutionary approach, and in relation to the division into primary and secondary psychopathy. Furthermore, it reviews the studies on the prevalence of adaptive features of psychopathy in different professional groups. The attempt to operationalize the construct of psychopathic traits of good adaptation-the Durand Adaptive Psychopathic Traits Questionnaire (Durand, 2019)-is also discussed. Finally, the limitations of using the concept of adaptive traits of psychopathy are analysed.
2
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The Triarchic Psychopathy Domains and Romantic Relationship Quality : The Role of Boldness

75%
Wardawy-Dudziak P., Pilch I.
The New Educational Review
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2023
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vol. 71
243-253
EN
The study aimed to investigate associations between psychopathic traits (disinhibition, boldness, and meanness) and indicators of relationship quality (satisfaction, commitment, feelings toward the partner, closeness, and relationship costs) using a variable-centred and a person-centred approach. A total of 1,292 participants completed measures assessing psychopathic traits and relationship quality. Correlation analysis indicated that boldness was positively, while disinhibition and meanness were negatively correlated with relationship quality. Subsequently, cluster analysis was conducted to identify groups of participants with different combinations of psychopathic traits. Three clusters were extracted: “disinhibited”, “callous”, and “brave-resistant”. The last cluster had an elevated level of boldness and was relatively “positive” regarding relationship quality. The results seem congruent with the presumption of a different role of boldness, compared to meanness and disinhibition, in the domain of close relationships.
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Παρρησία Szawła w Damaszku i Jerozolimie

51%
Nawara D.
Studia Sandomierskie. Teologia-Filozofia-Historia
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2021
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vol. 28
95-112
EN
The Greek terms of παρρησία and παρρησιάζομαι assumed great importance during the 6th century BC in Athens. These words defined the right of a free citizen to speak at the General Assembly. He was obligated to tell the truth, even at the expense of persecution. These concepts also functioned in the private sphere and in philosophy The authors of the Holy Scriptures eagerly used them. They occur eleven times in the Acts of the Apostles. St. Luke uses παρρησιάζομαι as a verb in chapter 9 of Acts to describe the attitude of the converted Saul who preaches the word of God in Damascus and Jerusalem. Despite the difficulties which arise, he does not change anything in the Gospel message. Παρρησία is a charisma bestowed upon man by the Holy Spirit. The action of the Holy Spirit is crucial to a proper understanding of the above terms in Acts. Because of this action, παρρησία is no longer the privilege of free citizens only, as in ancient Athens, but a grace that enables even simple and unlearned people to speak boldly and courageously about Christ.
PL
Greckie terminy παρρησία i παρρησιάζομαι nabrały wielkiego znaczenia w Atenach w VI w. przed Chr. Określano nimi prawo wolnego obywatela do przemawiania na Zgromadzeniu Ludowym. Był on zobowiązany do mówienia prawdy nawet za cenę prześladowania. Pojęcia te funkcjonowały również w sferze prywatnej i w filozofii. Chętnie korzystali z nich autorzy Pisma Świętego (w Dz występują 11 razy). W rozdziale dziewiątym Dziejów Apostolskich św. Łukasz za pomocą czasownika παρρησιάζομαι opisuje postawę nawróconego Szawła, który głosi słowo Boże w Damaszku i Jerozolimie. Pomimo trudności, jakie się pojawiają, niczego nie zmienia w orędziu Ewangelii. Παρρησία jest charyzmatem, którym obdarowuje człowieka Duch Święty. Jego działanie jest kluczowe dla właściwego zrozumienia powyższych terminów w Dziejach. Dzięki Niemu παρρησία nie jest już przywilejem jedynie wolnych obywateli jak w starożytnych Atenach, ale łaską, która nawet prostych i nieuczonych ludzi uzdalnia do odważnego i śmiałego mówienia o Chrystusie.
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