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Ruling the rûaḥ: Emotional Experience and Expression in Ancient Hebrew

100%
Atwood J.
The Biblical Annals
|
2022
|
vol. 12
|
issue 3
333-352
EN
Emotions are one of the most fascinating and difficult aspects of human experience, and have received significant attention in biblical studies. This paper explores how one Hebrew lexeme, rûaḥ, provides a point of entry into the complex world of how emotions are expressed in ancient texts. Drawing from some insights of Cognitive Linguistics, it examines the use of rûaḥ to express the experience of impatience and patience, and arrogance and humility. This paper then challenges a long-held but simplistic equation of rûaḥ with anger, and argues that a more nuanced and complex relationship exists between lexeme and emotion than most citations in scholarship suggest.
2
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L'Esprit Saint dans les écrits de L'Apôtre Jean

80%
Huculak B.
Teologia w Polsce
|
2017
|
vol. 11
|
issue 1
67-82
EN
John among the evangelists is not only designed with the image of eagle, but also from the first centuries on, he still is called in the East as John the Theologian. From his school came the first systematic theologian Irenaeus of Lugdunum in Gaul (now Lyons in France), who in his native Smyrna had been a disciple of the bishop Polycarp, a formerly listener of John himself, when this lived in Ephesus. The teaching about the Holy Spirit, and especially about His eternal procession is built upon his writings; and beside the biblical inspiration he received a special gift of the Spirit „who spoke trough the prophets”. His aboundant message is invaluable not only for theology, but also to her shoot, which should be spirituality, first of all the priestly and seminarian one, all the more because John was the only unmarried apostle, becoming – also in this respect – a paragon for the Roman Catholic clergy.
PL
Parmi les auteurs des livres du Nouveau Testament il n’y a aucun qu’ait écrit plus abondement et plus profondement sur l’Esprit Saint que l’apôtre Jean. C’est pourquoi en Orient chrétien à partir des prémiers siècle jusqu’à nos jours il est appelé Jean le Théologien.
3
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Standardowe i specyficzne rozumienie słowa rûªḥ w tekstach Księgi Rodzaju i Księgi Wyjścia

80%
Lemański J. A.
Verbum Vitae
|
2020
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vol. 37
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issue 1
11-34
EN
The analysis made in this article shows that the usage of the word rûaḥ in Genesis and Exodus fits with the general meanings linked to the word in other books of the Bible. In general usage this word describes, first, wind, albeit seen as 'a tool in the hand' of God used during redemptive activities to save life, life in general or that of Israel. Next rûaḥ means life, such as that present in a human being as a gift from God, which can be taken back. Finally, rûaḥ also means a charismatic strength given by God to chosen people, and that which is internal to man, his states of spirit and emotion. All of those meanings have their specificity, which is most clearly visible in so-called biblical prehistory (Gen 1:2, 3:8, 6:3, 8:1).
PL
Analiza dokonana w tym artykule pokazuje, że zastosowanie słowa rûaḥ w księgach Rodzaju i Wyjścia mieści się w ogólnych znaczeniach łączonych z nim także w innych księgach biblijnych. Słowem tym opisuje się więc tu wiatr, zawsze jednak widziany jako „narzędzie w ręku” Boga, używane podczas działań zbawczych na rzecz ocalenia życia w ogóle lub Izraela. Potem rûaḥ oznacza samo życie obecne w człowieku i stanowiące dar od Boga, który może zostać odebrany. Wreszcie rûaḥ oznacza również charyzmatyczna siłę, udzielaną przez Boga wybranym ludziom, i to, co wewnętrzne w człowieku, jego stany ducha oraz emocje. Każde z tych znaczeń ma swoją specyfikę, najbardziej widoczną zwłaszcza w tzw. prehistorii biblijnej (Rdz 1,2; 3,8; 6,3; 8,1).
4
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L’Esprit SaintT dans Les Écrits de L’ApÔtre Jean

71%
Huculak B.
Teologia w Polsce
|
2017
|
vol. 11
|
issue 1
67-82
FR
Parmi les auteurs des livres du Nouveau Testament il n’y a aucun qu’ait écrit plus abondement et plus profondement sur l’Esprit Saint que l’apôtre Jean. C’est pourquoi en Orient chrétien à partir des prémiers siècle jusqu’à nos jours il est appelé Jean le Théologien
PL
Wyróżnienie Jana wśród ewangelistów znakiem orła idzie w parze z bardzo wczesnym, a do dzisiaj istniejącym zwyczajem określania go na Wschodzie imieniem Jana Teologa. Z jego szkoły wyszedł pierwszy teolog systematyczny, Ireneusz Lioński, który w Smyrnie był uczniem biskupa Polikarpa, a ten – słuchaczem samego Jana, gdy on mieszkał w Efezie. Nauczanie o Duchu Świętym, a zwłaszcza o Jego pochodzeniu odwiecznym, opiera się niemal w całości na jego pismach; a przy natchnieniu biblijnym jego udziałemna wyspie Patmos stał się szczególny dar tegoż Ducha, „który mówił przez proroków”. Jego obfite przesłanie jest bezcenne nie tylko dla teologii, lecz także dla jej odrośli, którą powinna być duchowość, począwszy od kapłańskiej i seminaryjnej, tym bardziej że Jan był jedynym apostołem bezżennym, stając się także w tym względzie wzorem dla duchowieństwa rzymskokatolickiego
EN
John among the evangelists is not only designed with the image of eagle, but also from the first centuries on, he still is called in the East as John the Theologian. From his school came the first systematic theologian Irenaeus of Lugdunum in Gaul (now Lyons in France), who in his native Smyrna had been a disciple of the bishop Polycarp, a formerly listener of John himself, when this lived in Ephesus. The teaching about the Holy Spirit, and especially about His eternal procession is built upon his writings; and beside the biblical inspiration he received a special gift of the Spirit „who spoke trough the prophets”. His aboundant message is invaluable not only for theology, but also to her shoot, which should be spirituality, first of all the priestly and seminarian one, all the more because John was the only unmarried apostle, becoming – also in this respect – a paragon for the Roman Catholic clergy.
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