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EN
Agricultural use may change soil. These changes may be observed by examining certain soil properties. In numerous cases of agricultural use, soil compaction may be observed at the depth of 25-35 cm. After many years of use, this may lead to the creation of a plough sole. On arable grounds, which are generally fertilized by minerals, a decrease in organic matter content and soil acidification are frequently observed. Each human activity leads to changes in the natural environment. In the case of agricultural use, the greatest changes take place in soil. Mechanization in agriculture and the wish to produce ever-greater amounts of crops influence changes in some soil properties. In a short time, changes in soil reaction, organic matter content or creation of a plough sole at the depth of 25-35 cm may observed.
EN
The purpose of this paper was the estimate of the substratum compaction in various soil types and under various conditions of use. The compaction characteristics were performed on the basis of bulk density of soil. It was performed on various types of soil, built of various materials, occurring in the vicinity of PÅ‚ock. The soils are farming land. The greatest substratum compaction was observed in arable lands, built of light loam, silt and loamy sand. The difference in bulk density between the layer at the depth of 25 - 35 cm and the adjacent horizons reaches 0.3 Mg per cubic metre. In soils used for green crops the substratum layer does not show a large difference between the adjacent layers, but the values of bulk density are equal to about 1.6 - 1.8 Mg per cubic metre already near the surface. Higher values of bulk density at the depth of 25 - 35 cm were observed in 68% of soils under investigation.
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