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O systemach sztucznej inteligencji w kontekście praw człowieka w orzecznictwie Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka

100%

Kaczmarczyk M.

Studia Prawa Publicznego

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2025

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issue 2 (50)

9-30

EN

Artiﬁcial intelligence (AI) is increasingly entering our lives. Rapid technological progress provides many new solutions, without which we often cannot imagine our everyday lives. Despite a rather heavily electronicised and digitalized reality, the potential of artiﬁcial intelligence is yet to be fully exploited. Moreover, due to the wide range of applications of AI systems in various areas of life, the possibilities that technological development creates for us go beyond the human imagination. Artiﬁcial intelligence can be a source of invaluable help for humans, support, facilitation, and convenience; on the other hand, it can pose many threats to basic values such as human rights, human dignity, democracy or the rule of law.The article attempts to answer the question of how Strasbourg case law responds to issues concerning threats that new technologies pose to individuals’ fundamental rights and freedoms, including the right to privacy, personal freedom, personal security, and the protection of personal data, including biometric data. The starting point for analysing the case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) is a discussion of international and national regulations in the ﬁeld of artiﬁcial intelligence and their brief characteristics. Then, selected cases of the ECHR are presented and discussed in the context of individual freedoms and rights most vulnerable to violations in connection with the activity of AI systems. So far, the Court has not issued a judgment dedicated to artiﬁcial intelligence itself and its negative effects on human rights and freedoms. The research problems addressed by this analysis indicate ECHR judgments related to new technologies and to assessing their signiﬁcance for the functioning of artiﬁcial intelligence and discussing its relevance for the future.

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Przysięga religijna a konwencyjne gwarancje wolności myśli, sumienia i religii w orzecznictwie ETPC

75%

Falski J.

Przegląd Sejmowy

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2024

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issue 1–2(180–181)

81-103

EN

The article presents, through the prism of the European Court of Human Rights relatively recent (19 October 2021) decision on the admissibility of the complaint in Shortall and Others v. Ireland, as well as other decisions of the Court, the rarely raised in the literature but still important issue of the compatibility of the religious oath – required in the procedure for access to selected public positions in some Council of Europe countries – with the freedom of thought, conscience and religion guaranteed, inter alia, by Article 9 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. The text opens and is supplemented by historical-legal references to national and foreign solutions to the issue in question.

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Ekstraterytorialne stosowanie Konwencji o ochronie praw człowieka i podstawowych wolności (w kontekście wyrokow Wielkiej Izby ETPC z 7 lipca 2011 r. w sprawach Al-Skeini i inni i Al-Jedda v. Wielka Brytania)

63%

Falski J.

Przegląd Sejmowy

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2018

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issue 4(147)

173–191

EN

The author discusses the extraterritorial application of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms in the context of the judgments of the Grand Chamber of the ECHR in cases Al-Skeini et al. v. UK and Al-Jedda v. UK. Developing its earlier case law, the Tribunal specifi es details of the jurisdiction laid down in Article 1 of the Convention of 1950 and refers to the problem of priority in case of a collision of obligations resulting from the UN Charter one hand, and the Convention on the other.

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2 Przegląd Sejmowy

1 Studia Prawa Publicznego

2 Falski J.

1 Kaczmarczyk M.

1 2025

1 2024

1 2018

O systemach sztucznej inteligencji w kontekście praw człowieka w orzecznictwie Europejskiego Trybunału Praw Człowieka

Przysięga religijna a konwencyjne gwarancje wolności myśli, sumienia i religii w orzecznictwie ETPC

Ekstraterytorialne stosowanie Konwencji o ochronie praw człowieka i podstawowych wolności (w kontekście wyrokow Wielkiej Izby ETPC z 7 lipca 2011 r. w sprawach Al-Skeini i inni i Al-Jedda v. Wielka Brytania)