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Ekonomiczne skutki transferowania zarobków przez emigrantów

100%

Brzozowski J., Szarucki M.

Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics

2010

vol. 238

issue 3

63-78

The paper examines the economic effects of cash transfers from Poles working abroad. The authors discuss selected methodological issues, including the treatment of cash transfers in international statistics and problems linked with the interpretation of the data. According to Brzozowski and Szarucki, cash transfers are usually examined in terms of their overall effect, while a more appropriate method would be to look at their net inflow, considering the outflow of funds from another country. Many researchers also tend to forget that such transfers are intended for private purposes, which limits the possibility of using them to spur a country’s economic growth, the authors say. Brzozowski and Szarucki analyze the flow of cash transfers in Poland and elsewhere. Cash transfers from Poles working abroad have increased markedly in recent years, the authors say, because many people have left the country for economic reasons. The greatest inflow of net transfers was recorded in 2007-2008, at around $9 billion annually. Preliminary data for 2009 show that the global economic crisis has considerably reduced the possibility of transferring cash by expatriate workers to their families back home, the authors note. The paper also discusses the results of research into cash transfers and the effects of their inflow in Poland and other countries. The aim is to show the possible consequences of cash transfers for a given economy, including the ways in which these funds could spur economic growth. In countries with relatively well-developed financial systems, cash transfers have led to a significant increase in consumption, while failing to boost investment, Brzozowski and Szarucki say. As a result, it is difficult to expect that such transfers will have a positive impact on economic growth in the longer term, the researchers conclude.

Świadczenia pieniężne na rzecz dzieci a podaż pracy kobiet w krajach OECD

75%

Bartosik K.

Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics

2020

vol. 303

issue 3

83-110

This paper investigates the impact of child cash benefits on the female labour supply in OECD countries. The analysis covers the 2000–2015 period and 30 countries. Using panel regression analysis, the study found that the effect of child benefits on the labour force participation rate depends on the age of women and the share of benefits in GDP. A relatively high share (above the group average) negatively affected the labour supply of women aged 25–34, while a relatively low share (below the group average) contributed to an increased supply of such labour. The study also found that the length of paid maternity and parental leave available to mothers and public spending on services for families with children had a positive effect on the labour supply of women aged 25–34.

Celem artykułu jest zbadanie związku między wielkością świadczeń pieniężnych, realizowanych w ramach polityki rodzinnej, a podażą pracy (aktywnością zawodową) kobiet w państwach OECD. Analiza obejmuje lata 2000–2015 i grupę 30 krajów. Uzyskane za pomocą modeli panelowych wyniki wskazują, że oddziaływanie świadczeń pieniężnych na aktywność zawodową kobiet zależy do wysokości świadczeń i wieku kobiet. Relatywnie wysokie świadczenia (powyżej średniej grupy) ograniczają aktywność zawodową kobiet w wieku 25–34 lata, zaś relatywnie niskie (poniżej średniej grupy) sprzyjają jej. Analiza wskazuje również, że aktywności zawodowej kobiet w tym przedziale wiekowym sprzyjają nakłady na usługi na rzecz rodziny i dzieci oraz płatne urlopy macierzyńskie i wychowawcze.

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2 Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics

1 Bartosik K.

1 Brzozowski J.

1 Szarucki M.

1 2020

1 2010

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Ekonomiczne skutki transferowania zarobków przez emigrantów

Świadczenia pieniężne na rzecz dzieci a podaż pracy kobiet w krajach OECD