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Mur ceglany jako przedmiot badań architektonicznych

100%

Lewicki J.

Ochrona Zabytków

2000

issue 3

252-266

The author presents a critical discussion of methods used in historical-architectonic studies on brick walls upon the basis of heretofore research concerning methods of architectonic investigations, work conducted on the spot, and examples of studies and conservation. The applied methods of architectonic studies were presented from the viewpoint of their usefulness in the practical conservation of architecture. The article considers assorted methods destructive and non-destructive for bricks — historical studies and architectonic, stratigraphie and archaeological investigations. Next, the author analyses the examination of the wall, drawing attention to frequently committed errors, stemming from the accepted method. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of considering the whole face of a brick wall and not only its corners, which was, and continues to be an approach universally applied by certain researchers. The successive analysis focuses on studies of particular bricks, stressing the necessity of suitable examinations of the sizes of bricks, the so-called measurement registration, which consists of comparing and analysing the sizes of the brick (to 12 mm.). An enormous role is played by suitable research on the mutual permeation of the joints, which makes possible a precise determination of the chronology of fragments of the wall. Finally, the article deals with the documentation of the brick wall, stressing the necessity of a meticulous documentation of the entire wall and particular bricks. The summary defines general tendencies in research pertaining to the conservation of brick walls, influenced by the manner of previous architectonic studies. The author accentuates the fact that both in the research, design and execution phase it is possible to make a number of mistakes whose consequence is the destruction of the original form of the wall. This is the reason for the importance of a coordination of particular stages of conservation and the cooperation of properly trained specialists in the course of the entire conservation process, which should be always preceded by precise architectonic studies.

Zespół dawnego młyna na Wieczystej w Krakowie i jego właściciele

100%

Marcinek R.

Ochrona Zabytków

2021

issue 2

89-114

Zespół młynów na Wieczystej, do 1943 roku przysiółku wsi Rakowice, dziś przedmieściu Krakowa, zbudowała u progu lat 20. XX wieku spółka należąca do rodziny Wasserbergerów. Architektura przemysłowa obiektu nie niosła najwyższych wartości, była ściśle podporządkowana funkcjonowaniu jednego z największych młynów w II RP. Zakłady kilkakrotnie płonęły, były przebudowywane pod dyktando zmieniających się wymogów technologicznych. W roku 2002 produkcję przeniesiono do nowego zakładu. Stary młyn sprzedano spółce zamierzającej przekształcić teren w strefę budownictwa mieszkalnego, z wykorzystaniem i zachowaniem murów starszej części młyna. Młyna, który mimo swoich nie najwyższych walorów zabytkowych wrósł przez lata w pejzaż wschodniej strony miasta, stając się powszechnie rozpoznawanym znakiem tożsamości Wieczystej. Część niniejszego tekstu autor poświęcił niesłusznie zapomnianej rodzinie żydowskich przedsiębiorców i filantropów, których młyn był własnością.

The complex of mills in the Wieczysta district, up to 1943 a hamlet of Rakowice village, currently the outskirts of Krakow, was built in the early 1920s by a company belonging to the Wasserberger family. Industrial architecture of the facility did not convey any outstanding values, as it was strictly subordinated to the operation of one of the largest mills in the Second Republic of Poland. The plant suffered from several fires and was redeveloped to suit changing technological requirements. In 2002, the production was transferred to a new plant. The old mill was sold to a company intending to transform this area into a residential complex, however preserving and using the walls of older parts of the mill. Although its historical values do not measure up to top ranks, the mill has rooted in the landscape of the eastern part of the city over the years, thus becoming a widely recognised symbol of Wieczysta’s identity. Parts of this text are devoted to the undeservedly forgotten family of Jewish entrepreneurs and philanthropists who once owned the mill.

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2 Ochrona Zabytków

1 Lewicki J.

1 Marcinek R.

1 2021

1 2000

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Mur ceglany jako przedmiot badań architektonicznych

Zespół dawnego młyna na Wieczystej w Krakowie i jego właściciele