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Ceramic building material from the Roman forts on the Colchis Coast: archaeology and archaeoceramological analysis

100%
Karasiewicz-Szczypiorski R., Mamuladze S., Aslanischvili L., Daszkiewicz M.
Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean
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2018
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vol. 27(1)
485-526
EN
The article collects the modest evidence available on the use (and possible production) of ceramic building material by the Roman army in Colchis, using it as a backdrop for presenting the exceptional richness, in quantity as much as diversity, of the finds from Gonio/Apsaros. The signatures on these products add to the value of this assemblage. Part 1 of the article presents documented examples of stamps on bricks, roof tiles and ceramic pipes from the Gonio/Apsaros fort and links them to the construction projects of specific Roman army units in the Cappadocia province. The results of laboratory tests conducted on samples of ceramic products and raw clay from Gonio, presented in Part 2, distinguish between two reference groups for the production of which clay from near the fort was used. However, it has not been possible to indicate the specific deposits of such raw material used by the Roman army.
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On the Production and Distribution of the Ceramic Building Material in Vindobona

88%
Janek T.
Studia Hercynia
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2017
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vol. 21
|
issue 2
81-96
EN
This paper deals with the technical aspects of ceramic building material production in the brickyard located near the legionary fortress of Vindobona (nowdays Vienna, Austria). First, the general procedures of brick manufacture are described, then the paper focuses on the material from Vindobona itself. Tegulae, which make up most of the preserved evidence, are also treated at some length. In comparison to other ceramic building material, tiles are more distinguishable, thus more criteria can be observed. The observed criteria were: treatment of the surface, proportions, types of lower cutaways and shape of flanges. On the basis of these criteria, it is possible to distinguish differences in working procedures, which may relate to a change of units in the fortress and an exchange of workers within one unit. Attention is also paid to the economic aspect of production, which is reconstructed on the basis of the‑ oretical calculations. The amount of material necessary for the construction of camps was calculated along with the estimated time which it took to produce this material and the necessary work‑power. The last part deals with the distribution of bricks to the forts in the upper Pannonian Limes, with an attempt to determine if the material was transported to the construction sites from Vindobona or was produced on the sites. The results show it was more cost effective to transport the material over even long distances.
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