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EN
Christocentrism is a viewpoint or an attitude according to which Jesus Christ is the central point of the whole reality of the thoughtful world and most of all a man. The need to apply christocentrism in the preaching ministry is underlined by the teaching of the Church, especially after Vaticanum II. Also a contemporary homiletics theory states that the whole preaching should be christocentric since God revealed himself in the fullest way in Jesus Christ and it is in Him where the salvation of the world and man takes place. The question is, however, whether the practice follows the guidelines? The aim of this study is an attempt to answer the following question: to what extent contemporary preachers apply the rule of christocentricism and in what way it is manifested in their practice? From the conducted analyses it can be seen that chrystology-oriented issues are common ones in preaching. Priests talk about issues of divinity and humanity of Christ very often. The same applies to mysteries of His life and actions within the Church. In most cases they are faithful to the Church’s guidelines to place Christ in the centre of each preaching. This positive assessment of the contemporary preaching requires, however, a few words of comment concerning certain deficiencies. The most common mistakes in christocentric preaching are as follows: historicism, inadequate proportions between a redemptive indicative and a moral imperative as well as a disturbed rules of a hierarchy of the articles of faith in preaching.
PL
Duchowość karmelitańska pozostawała wyraźnie obecna w życiu i nauczaniu św. Jana Pawła II. Związane to było najpierw z jego środowiskiem, gdzie stykał się z nią głównie poprzez karmelitańskie duszpasterstwo (Wadowice), lekturę dzieł hiszpańskich mistyków (Kraków) oraz studia – zgłębianie doktryny św. Jana od Krzyża (Kraków i Rzym). Kontakt ten trwał także po wyborze na Stolicę Apostolską, m. in. w spotkaniach z przedstawicielami wspólnot, w korespondencji, szczególnie zaś w beatyfikacjach i kanonizacjach postaci Karmelu. Do jego duchowości Papież wielokrotnie odwoływał się w swoim nauczaniu, poruszając różne jej aspekty w zależności od adresatów bądź okoliczności przemówień czy listów. Na ich podstawie nakreślić można ogólny jej obraz, który tworzą następujące rysy: maryjność, ideał kontemplacyjny, chrystocentryzm, eklezjalność oraz doskonała miłość. Wskazują one na integralność tej duchowości, posiadającej charakter głęboko Boski i ludzki, mistyczny i eklezjalny. Dzięki temu staje się ona pewną drogą do świętości, czego potwierdzeniem są liczni święci Karmelu, jak i sam św. Jan Paweł II, który nią kroczył.
EN
Carmelite spirituality was visibly present in the life and teaching of St. John Paul II. This was connected in the first place with his environment, where he encountered this form of spirituality mainly through the Carmelite pastoral ministry (Wadowice), through reading the works of the Spanish Mystics (Cracow) and through his studies – exploring the doctrine of St. John of the Cross (Cracow and Rome). This contact continued after his election to the Holy See, among others through meetings with representatives of Carmelite communities, in correspondence, and especially in the beatifications and canonizations of Carmelites. The Pope repeatedly referred to Carmelite spirituality in his teachings, touching on different aspects depending on the addressees or the circumstances of speeches or letters. On the basis of this material, we can outline a general image of his understanding of Carmelite spirituality, which includes the following features: a Marian focus, the contemplative ideal, christocentrism, ecclesiality and perfect love. They indicate the integrated nature of this spirituality, which is deeply divine as well as human; mystical and ecclesial. It is this integration that makes it a sure way to holiness, as confirmed by the many saints of Carmel, as well as by St. John Paul II, who walked in this way.
EN
In his enormous literary-production Karl Rahner (1904–1984) did not omit the question of intelligent extraterrestrial beings. Despite the fact that his statements about this issue are sporadic, fragmented and scattered, they nevertheless give a fairly clear and original philosophical and theological picture of this problem. Rahner presents the question of hypothetical extraterrestrial intelligence in a metaphysical perspective in which the cosmos is constantly coming into being as a self-transcending reality. According to Rahner the cosmos with its physical laws and in accordance with the purposeful plan of its Creator is oriented not only towards humans (anthropocentrism), but also towards other embodied spiritual beings (subjectivity-centrism). In this perspective there is a real possibility that other intelligent beings besides us exist. From the theological point of view, according to Rahner these hypothetical beings, just like humans, are exposed to the self-communicating God-Trinity through the Logos-Christ-Redeemer (christocentrism).
PL
W swojej ogromnej spuściźnie piśmienniczej Karl Rahner (1904–1984) nie pominął zagadnienia istnienia rozumnych istot pozaziemskich. Są to jednak wypowiedzi nieliczne, fragmentaryczne i rozproszone. Pomimo tego dają one wyrazisty i oryginalny obraz filozoficzno-teologiczny tego zagadnienia. Kwestię potencjalnych inteligencji pozaziemskich Rahner przedstawia na tle metafizycznego ujęcia kosmosu jako nieustannie stającej się i autotranscendującej rzeczywistości. W jego opinii kosmos w swoich prawach fizycznych i zgodnie z celowym zamysłem jego Stwórcy zorientowany jest nie tyle w stronę człowieka (antropocentryzm), lecz podmiotów cielesno-duchowych (podmioto-centryzm). W tej perspektywie realna staje się możliwość powstania także innych, oprócz człowieka, istot rozumnych. Z punktu widzenia teologii są one według Rahnera tak samo otwarte na samoudzielającego się Boga-Trójcy w Logosie-Chrystusie-Zbawcy (chrystocentryzm) jak ludzie.
EN
The aim of the article is to show the christocentric attitude of love of bl. Mother Teresa of Calcutta. The source text are Teresa's writings featured in their entirety or in part in the publication Come Be My Light. The Private Writings of the “Saint of Calcutta”. The whole presentation has been divided into four parts. The first one presents Teresa's love for Christ, the second deals with the issues of love for Christ in the poorest of the poor, the third addresses the care of the Blessed to minister among the poor in the communion with Christ, and the last one is a look at Mother Teresa’s attitude of love through Benedict XVI’s thoughts selected from his encyclical letter Deus caritas est. The summary is a meditation of the Blessed put at the end. The article shows the christocentrism of attitude of love of Mother Teresa of Calcutta.
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Chrystus w nexus mysteriorum

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PL
Istnieje związek objawienia się Boga z objawieniem prawd wiary. Pozostają one ze sobą wzajemnie powiązane (nexus mysteriorum) oraz uporządkowane wokół centrum wiary chrześcijańskiej (hierarchia veritatum). W artykule ukazano, w jaki sposób „hierarchia” prawd wiary winna przyczynić się do lepszego rozumienia wszystkich misteriów. Uwzględnienie tej hierarchii nie może prowadzić do marginalizowania pozostałych objawionych prawd wiary. Zmysł wiary (sensus fidei) pomaga w uwzględnieniu zarówno całości sieci misteriów, jak i poszczególnych tajemnic wiary oraz ich relacji z Chrystusowym ośrodkiem.
EN
There is a connection between God’s self-revelation and the revelation of the truths of faith. They remain mutually related (nexus mysteriorum) and arranged around the centre of the Christian faith (hierarchia veritatum). The article shows how the “hierarchy” of the truths of faith should contribute to a better understanding of all mysteries. While taking into account this hierarchy one must not marginalize other revealed truths of faith. The sense of faith (sensus fidei) helps to consider not only a net of mysteries as a whole but also particular mysteries of faith within it, as well as their correlation with Christ who is in the centre.
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