Search results - CEJSH

1

The Attitude of Poles Towards Communal Police. Some Observations on the State of Civil Society in Poland

100%

Tatarczuk C.

Security Dimensions: International & National Studies

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2016

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vol. 17(17)

57-72

EN

The concept of self-government system in Poland assumes an important role for municipalities, which is the basic territorial unit of community of residents. It is the area where, with the help of democratically elected authorities, the basic needs of local communities shall be fulfilled. One of these needs, and at the same time, the own task of municipality, is to ensure public order and security of citizens. According to legislation, the proper measure supposed to be the communal police (municipal police in municipalities), which is a local uniformed formation, providing administrative-ordinal tasks. The first units of the communal police were formed in Poland in 1991. For all these years, however, they did not become a common service in the country. The communal police function just in one-fourth of municipalities and generally focus the heaviest negative emotions and social opinion of all the uniformed services. The author of the study, indicating causes of this situation, comments their underestimated by citizens role in shaping public order and security of local societies, juxtaposing it with the state of civic consciousness.

2

THE CONSTRUCTION OF CIVIL LOCAL COMMUNITIES - THE CHALLENGE OF THE XXI CENTURY

100%

Lipska-Sondecka A.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2013

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vol. 42

60-69

EN

The modern world is very complex and complicated matter. New communication technologies have changed perception of time and space, the states and their governments are no longer the main actors on a public life stage. Unimaginably rapid progress of science and technology has been the main reason for which more and more people do not understand or have clear difficulties in assimilating and using the achievements of civilization. Economy based on knowledge and development of innovative society forced modern homo sapiens to faster absorption of changes, flexibility in action and much greater mobility than ever before.

3

Analiza porównawcza wybranych społeczeństw obywatelskich

80%

Spustek H.

Studia nad Autorytaryzmem i Totalitaryzmem

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2015

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vol. 37

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issue 3

11 - 26

EN

The article contains a comparative analysis of the civil society index of selected countries. The analysis is based on diagrams produced by CIVICUS — a supranational network of non-governmental organisations, which supports civil society actions all over the world. The author has also used the data on civil society in Poland gathered in a report by the Klon/Jawor Association. He has carried out an original analysis of the data characterising Polish civil society, using a taxonomic method and observing the criteria of four basic social dimensions: structure, environment, values and impact (effects of actions).

4

Aktywność obywatelska jako narzędzie walki z ubóstwem: rola, znaczenie, modele aplikacyjne

80%

Tomczyk J.

Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne

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2016

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issue 1(20)

363-373

EN

The article concerns the role of active citizenship in the process of poverty eradication. In democratic states civic activity plays an important role in the social development and modernization, because it enables effective prevention of social problems. Models of civic activity can be regarded as models of prevention against poverty.

5

Budżet obywatelski jako przejaw aktywności społecznej – analiza doświadczeń na przykładzie jednostek samorządu terytorialnego

80%

Korolewska M., Marchewka-Bartkowiak K.

Studia BAS

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2015

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issue 4(44)

123-140

EN

Participatory budgeting as a form of civic activity in the Polish local government units: an analysis of experience. The article presents the results of a research conducted by the Bureau of Research of the Chancellery of the Sejm on the first experiences with participatory budgeting in selected local government units in Poland, which is one of the newest initiatives undertaken within a broader concept of public governance. The authors also assess the current state and perspectives for participatory budgeting.

6

PRIVATE FOUNDATION IN THE POLISH LEGAL SYSTEM AS A SPECIFIC INSTITUTION OF THE CIVIL SOCIETY

80%

Podgórska-Rykała J., Kępa M.

Central European Papers

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2021

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vol. 9

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issue 1

19-33

EN

The paper is an attempt to analyze the selected features and legal regulations related to foundation’s institutions, as defined in Polish law, as the specific institution of the civil society. As Authors, we are trying to follow the path of one of the most important problems regarding the theory on the civil society, taking the form of the question about locating the civil society somewhere between the public and private spheres. These issues can be especially clearly illustrated with an example or foundation’s institutions, as listing socially or economically useful goals by the lawmakers determine some scope of essential problems seen (not listed here) that could be expressed in the form of the two questions. Firstly, can a foundation be considered a social organization at all? Secondly, can a foundation perform only business activities, as the lawmakers used the conjunction typical for the non- exclusive disjunction? We think there is no simple answer for questions formed in such a way. The considerations included in this paper are included in the scope of social sciences, with particular attention paid to legal sciences and political and administrative science. This text should be qualified as interdisciplinary, though also oriented mostly to analyze legal, economic and social conditions of the essence of a foundation, as the specific formula within which tasks typical for civil society organizations can be executed.

7

Wychowanie wielokulturowe w społeczeństwie obywatelskim

80%

Żebrowski J.

Studia Gdańskie. Wizje i rzeczywistość

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2011

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vol. 8

221-232

EN

The article thoroughly discusses the aspects of multicultural upbringing and education as a dominant trend in modern Pedagogy. Multicultural approach promotes the peoples’ rights for multiple cultures and cultural pluralism theory. As the author concludes, ‘Today there is no come back to pure national cultures’. All education should then be open to cultural differences. Multicultural pedagogy encompasses vast areas of concepts and it addressed to all, not only minorities.

8

The New Dialogue

80%

Misztal W.

Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology

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2014

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vol. 5

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issue 10

81-96

EN

The paper describes a problem of collision between the concept of solidarity which is based on concern for the others interests of others with the liberal concept of implementing particular goals. Institutional solutions adopted in Poland, as well as the theories and tools and methods for their description and interpretation, still have imitative character. The result is a hybrid conglomerate of institutional arrangements that are created along the lines of the existing organizational structure of the EU countries. The structure and the way of functioning of those institutions are most commonly analyzed by using borrowed theoretical solutions present in the European or American sociological literature. Social dialogue and civic dialogue do not work so as to bring the expected results which causes permanent institutional and intellectual crisis. The paper postulates to use the new dialogue for the reflection about intellectual mechanisms that create the world better suited to people's expectations.

9

What Does the Global Perspective Mean?

80%

Campbell J. A.

Dialogue and Universalism

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2017

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issue 1

43-54

EN

The genesis of the notion of “global” is reviewed. Actual programs of global actors are considered, including Alexander the Great as well as corporate initiatives for a “New World Order.” What motivates and drives the adoption of a global orientation? The power of the example of Polish civil society to throw off communism is examined. The imperative of global international mutual support and sustainable future cocreation rather than models of competition and domination is the resulting conclusion.

10

Local Government and the Global Civil Society

80%

Chodubski A.

Polish Political Science Yearbook

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2007

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vol. 36

100-113

EN

A characteristic feature of a modern state is dichotomy of its development. On one hand, it is striving a!er unification and universality of social, political and economic solutions aiming to integrate the world, but on the other, there is a growth of tendencies disintegrating a country, development of localness, aspiring to give local communities high level of independence and self-deciding powers, that is: the reverse of massive society. The phenomena connected with unification and aspirations for preserving local identity are complementary and complement one another. The globalization of world-wide system does not mean its inner homogeneity. The world is perceived as an internally diverse reality.

11

Społeczeństwo obywatelskie a moralność

80%

Gałkowski J. W., Kanafa Ł.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2010

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vol. 13

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issue 1

EN

Civil society was defined in various ways. Among others, J. Locke, G.W.F. Hegel and A. de Tockeville presented the most relevant characteristic of what civil society is or could be. For the purpose of the paper we distinct civil society and the state. To the first one we assign spontaneity and diversity, the second we treat as procedural and homogeneous. In the paper we will stand for the thesis: civil society is the nest of virtues and as such characterized plays one of the most prominent parts in contemporary social and political reality. The problem is not that presently civil society does not exist. The problem is that once it was established within the state, it has been developed in such a way that it became a hybrid combined from the state and what could be called apolitical human activity. The core of the problem is that the hybrid is more political than apolitical. To the essence of civil society belong: existence of free associations of any kind, economy free from political coerce as much as it could be and public sphere of opinion, all organized in such a political way that the political power is limited by division of it to three independent institutions: a legislature, an executive and a judiciary and also by the law. A ground for apolitical human social activities was prepared by J. Locke in his political theory. The state is one of possible emanations of apolitical society in the state of nature. Montesquieu expanded such a vision of society that it exists within the state but the state itself is limited by division of political power and civil rights which allow the members of the society to protect their freedom and dignity. Moral civil society we are developing protect the citizens from overwhelming influence of the state and particular egoisms of individuals. As such it promotes moral activity, it brings trust to the public sphere and it protects human dignity.

12

Samorząd zawodowy – sojusznik czy wróg społeczeństwa obywatelskiego?

80%

Rotengruber P.

Annales. Etyka w Życiu Gospodarczym

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2018

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vol. 21

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issue 2

43-54

EN

The Constitution of The Republic of Poland (Article 17) says that: “By means of a statute, self‑governments may be created within a profession in which the public repose confidence, and such self‑governments shall concern themselves with the proper practice of such professions in accordance with, and for the purpose of protecting, the public interest”. This regulation is based on two principles: The first is the principle of professionalism; the second embraces norms that must be observed by representatives of professions of public trust. Those groups can make the decisions of their members or profits for themselves. This puts them in a different position than other participants of social and economic life. Professional associations are not driven by market rules, nor administrative regulations (relating to the postulate of the division of labor). The problem begins when – from a social point of view – it is no longer possible to regard these organizations as trustworthy partners. The gap between legal and social perspectives raises doubts about the way in which a civil society could face professional self‑governments when they are seen as being hostile to them.

PL

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13

ROLA WIĘZI SPOŁECZNYCH I KAPITAŁU SPOŁECZNEGO W KOMUNIKACJI POLITYCZNEJ I W ROZWOJU SPOŁECZEŃSTWA OBYWATELSKIEGO

80%

Wódz J.

Polityka Społeczna

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2011

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vol. 38

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issue 5-6(446-447)

31-37

EN

Political communication is an indispensable quality of highly organized democratic society. However, in modern societies, to achieve optimal efficiency of political communication, it has to refer to social bonds, values and symbols characteristic for this exact society. Therefore, it is hard to accept these models of democratic society, which indicate some kind of common, the same in different environment, model of efficient political communication. The author presents a hypothesis saying that this efficiency depends on attributes of specific society. Hence, each general model must be adopted to those attributes. The author cites Polish society as an example and attempts to point out that qualities of culture, tradition and social values determine political communication effectiveness. Such political communication, if adjusted to specific social bonds, not only causes transmission of political ideas but also stimulates social activity and reinforces civil society.

14

Civil society structures in Ukraine: formation and development in the latter half of 16th to 19th centuries

80%

Panfiłova T.

Studia Europaea Gnesnensia

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2016

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issue 13

323-341

EN

Based on the sources and critical consideration of historiography of the problem, the author defines regularities and specific features of the formation of structures of Ukrainian civil society, as a factor which bolstered Ukrainian national idea.

15

Prawne i praktyczne aspekty wolontariatu w działalności polskich partii politycznych

80%

Bejma A.

Kultura i Edukacja

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2014

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issue 1(101)

169-191

EN

Voluntary activity is a form of civic activity, which is an essential part of modern, wellfunctioning democracy, both at the local and national levels. Popular ideas identify volunteering with work in community centers, rehabilitation centers for the disabled, hospices, nursing homes for the elderly, orphanages, and homes for single mothers. Meanwhile, as it was confirmed by the study of the Klon/Jawor and CBOS, voluntary activity is not just purely social and supportive one. Volunteers, as is the case in other countries, support with their work organizations of political nature – movements, committees, and political groups. The use of their support intensifies especially during election campaigns, when volunteers perform different tasks: gather signatures on lists of candidates in the election, organize rallies and campaign trails, lead wide campaigning – handing out leaflets and urging to vote for particular candidates or political parties, prepare handouts, and update web pages, blogs and profiles in social networks. This voluntary, and – what needs to be especially emphasized – also conscious involvement in political activity, is a manifestation of a particular group of civic participation in its political dimension.

16

Local Initiatives Functioning as a Condition of Rural Development of the Czech Countryside

80%

Majerová V.

Eastern European Countryside

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2009

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vol. 15

127-149

EN

Rural development is closely connected with the development possibilities of residential locations. Broken social ties are projected into its earlier development. The socialist way of life (from the end of the WW II until the end of the eighties) was ideologically formed by collectivist models. Social organisations were highly formalised and controlled from above. Thousands of new social organisations have emerged in the villages and in towns since 1989, mostly involving cultural, sports and social activities. Civil initiatives were slow in winning recognition in rural areas and some types of initiatives are still missing. A new impulse for their progress was the accession of the Czech Republic into the EU in 2004. Information is drawn from the sociological research projects of the Sociological Laboratory, Czech University of Life Sciences.

17

The Legislative Regulation of Ensuring the Right to Peaceful Assemblies

80%

Kobrusieva Y.

Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie

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2020

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vol. 4(28)

7-16

EN

The scientific article is devoted to the study of the content of the legal provision of the constitutional right to peaceful assemblies in Ukraine as a means of ensuring the observance of citizens’ rights. Types of liability for violation of the order of organization and holding of meetings and rallies are considered. The study emphasizes the importance of enforcement of court decisions that have entered into force. The changes taking place in Ukrainian society arouse high activity and the desire of people to take a direct part in solving problems that concern their common interests, including the use of the right to peaceful assembly. However, despite the importance of this type of political rights, the constitutional provisions on freedom of assembly, assembly, street demonstrations and demonstrations, which are still not properly specified in the current legislation, are often limited or even violated. Based on the international experience of regulating the right to peaceful assembly, ways to increase the effectiveness of the mechanism of administrative and legal support of the right to peaceful assembly are proposed, which are to create a domestic mechanism to monitor compliance with international standards of human rights and freedoms. human being, if this or that problem is not solved at the national level. It is proved that even a rather small range of current norms enshrined in legislative acts of various levels, which guarantee the right to peaceful assembly, often show some inconsistency in the content of the outlined rights, especially from the standpoint of the right to freedom of peaceful assembly. the subject is called a citizen, and civil law - an individual. The necessity of introduction of international standards of ensuring the right to peaceful assembly, first of all the standards of the European community, which is connected with the European integration aspirations of Ukraine, is proved. After all, the implementation of European standards and their observance by the subjects of public administration is one of the preconditions for Ukraine’s integration into the European legal space. Since the right to freedom of peaceful assembly cannot be exercised in the absence of corresponding responsibilities imposed on the state by its authorized bodies, the analysis of the Constitution and laws of Ukraine allowed to separate such bodies into the category of subjects of power to ensure the right to peaceful assembly. In order to improve the situation in the studied area, it is advisable to review the current legislation, which ensures the implementation of court decisions, to continue reforming public authorities for the effective operation of the judiciary and the protection of citizens’ rights.

18

Dziedzictwo kulturowe Wielkopolski

80%

Molik W.

Przegląd Zachodni

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2016

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issue 2(359)

7-22

EN

The author discusses three selected elements of the cultural heritage of Greater Poland which can and should help the society of this region to cope with the challenges of the 21st century. He shows the role of Greater Poland in the cultural transfer from West European countries over a millennium of Polish history, from the reception of Christianity in the year 966 up to the 20th century. The second element of the cultural heritage of Greater Poland consists in the traditions of a civil society. In the 19th and the first half of the 20th century in this area a more modern society was shaped compared to other parts of Poland, a society aware of its goals and the advantages that follow from collective action. The opportunity to enhance the habit and skills of continued activity based on a thorough analysis of social needs and implementation of rational measures to deal with them gave rise in the 1830s to a gradually developed system of Polish economic, social, educational and other organizations which were only dismantled by the communist authorities in the first years after the Second World War. The third of the selected elements of the cultural heritage of Greater Poland described by the author is the contribution made to the region’s economic, social and cultural development by German settlers arriving in waves since the 13th century, as well as Jews, the Czech Brothers and other refugees from Bohemia and Moravia who arrived in large numbers in the second half of the 16th century.

19

Civil society in Slovakia: current state and challenges

80%

Murray Svidroňová M.

Problemy Polityki Społecznej. Studia i Dyskusje

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2020

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vol. 50

43-60

EN

This paper presents the state of civil society in Slovakia based on the analysis for the fourth comparative report of the European Union-Russia Civil Society Forum. Using standard research methods (desk research, structured interviews and focus group), the paper provides a brief civil society overview on history, statistics and funding. Further, it analyses legal and political conditions for civil society organisations facing the problems of the growth of far right populism. The interviews were conducted with the representatives of fifteen Slovak civil society organisations of various sizes (from local to national) and from various fields of activity (education, social services and inclusion, cultures, human rights, environment protection, social entrepreneurship, employment, social housing, healthcare). To verify results and findings from the interviews and formulate additional conclusions, a focus group with was seven experts was organised. Using these methods, the paper identifies the biggest challenges and possible solutions underpinning the current situation of civil society in Slovakia.

20

Przeciwdziałanie korupcji – ujęcie wielopłaszczyznowe

80%

Turska-Kawa A.

Political Preferences

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2017

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issue 17

109-118

EN

The article presents the analysis of different factors which are or may be the source of corrupt behaviors among the citizens. The analysis refers to the field of formal actions taken by the services whose goal is to protect broadly understood security of the residents. Psychological sources are then presented, emphasizing the corruption-generating role of the low level of trust and individual competition orientation. The social factors are first of all the mechanism of social comparisons, which can activate the consent to corruption or justify the person's unethical behaviors. Educational factors are also discussed, with consideration of the fact that school is the institution which should properly shape young people's attitudes, making them sensitive to unethical behaviors and providing them with competencies and knowledge connected with the ability to behave in difficult situations. These areas, though apparently distinct, are integral parts of the system and they mutually stimulate or inhibit each other.

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