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PL
Artykuł prezentuje wyniki badań dotyczących dostosowywania się przedsiębiorstw międzynarodowych do złożonego otoczenia. Model badawczy został osadzony na gruncie teorii ewolucyjnej, natomiast rynki wyłaniające się zostały wybrane jako kontekst badań. W rezultacie zostały scharakteryzowane trzy typy dostosowywania się do złożonego otoczenia. Przedstawiono implikacje co do możliwości rozwoju działań w odniesieniu do procesów uczenia się organizacji jako siły sprawczej dostosowywania się do otoczenia rynków zagranicznych.
EN
The article presents the results of the research concerning adjustment of multinational enterprises (MNCs) to a complex environment. The research model was grounded in the evolutionary theory, and emerging markets were chosen as the contexts of studies. As a result, three types of adjustment to a complex environment were characterized. Implications for the development of activities were formulated in relation to processes of learning of an organization as main driving forces of adjustment to the environment of a foreign market.
EN
A main goal of this essay is the analysis of the contemporary phase of evolution of European “organism” by using approaches from political science and neuroscience. The transdisciplinary perspective allows for better understanding of finer points of human behavior which can be lost only in political science analysis. My simple and obvious assumption is that politics is about people. Human beings create groups, communities, etc. If it is so, maybe we should start with looking more closely into mechanisms of the most important part of ourselves. The brain. It is responsible for all human behaviour. Another crucial point is the connection between humans and environment. The concept of co-evolution is fundamental and very useful when we want to show intertwining relations between interiority (brain, body) and externality (behaviour, social and political structures). Europe may be the very context for this analysis, but it is most of all our humanity.
EN
The theory and practice of co-evolution offers a way forward for humanity that goes well beyond the deterministic confines of an outmoded mechanistic science that still inhabits much academic thought and research; and also goes well beyond post-deterministic efforts to exempt the human mind and will from its presumed inexorable embeddedness in the mechanistically perceived life and motions of the body. Co-evolution rejects both and goes to the root of the matter regarding nature. It decisively affirms the post-mechanistic understandings of nature by quantum physics, feminist critique of patriarchy, and ecological philosophy. Co-evolution affirms that nature’s relational and animated being situates the human being and all individual human beings in an interactive mode. From this, dialogue is a natural, instead of a contrived, out-growth and fulfillment of the human project. The way then is clear for humanity to co-evolve interdependently with natural forces for mutual benefit.
EN
A main goal of this essay is the analysis of the contemporary phase of evolution of European “organism” by using approaches from political science and neuroscience. The transdisciplinary perspective allows for better understanding of finer points of human behavior which can be lost only in political science analysis. My simple and obvious assumption is that politics is about people. Human beings create groups, communities, etc. If it is so, maybe we should start with looking more closely into mechanisms of the most important part of ourselves. The brain. It is responsible for all human behaviour. Another crucial point is the connection between humans and environment. The concept of co-evolution is fundamental and very useful when we want to show intertwining relations between interiority (brain, body) and externality (behaviour, social and political structures). Europe may be the very context for this analysis, but it is most of all our humanity.
PL
Głównym celem eseju są rozważania dotyczące obecnego stadium rozwoju „organizmu” europejskiego w perspektywie politologiczno-neurobiologicznej. Takie transdyscyplinarne podejście pozwala na dostrzeżenie aspektów postępowania człowieka, które często są pomijane w analizach politologicznych. Wychodzę z dość prostego i chyba oczywistego założenia, że podmiotem polityki jest człowiek. Grupa, zbiorowość to zgromadzenie ludzi. Skoro tak, to warto może przyjrzeć się mechanizmom działania organu kluczowego dla wszelkich zachowań ludzkich, czyli mózgu. Drugą istotną przesłanką jest koncepcja współewolucji i założenie związku między człowiekiem i jego otoczeniem. Celem jest pokazanie ważnego splotu zależności między wewnętrznością (mózg, ciało) i zewnętrznością (zachowanie, struktury społeczne i polityczne). Kontekstem dla tej analizy może być Europa, ale przede wszystkim jest nasze człowieczeństwo.
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