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Research in Language
|
2013
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2
141-161
EN
Neosemantic noun-to-verb conversions such as beer → to beer, door → to door, pink → to pink, etc., constitute a particularly interesting field of study for Cognitive Linguistics in that they call for a discourse-guided and context-based analysis of meaning construction. The present article takes a closer look at the cognitive motivation for the conversion process involved in the noun-verb alterations with a view to explaining the semantics of some conversion formations in relation to the user-centred discourse context. The analysis developed in this article draws from the combined insights of Fauconnier and Turner’s (2002) Conceptual Integration Theory and Langacker’s (2005, 2008) Current Discourse Space.
Research in Language
|
2013
|
vol. 11
|
issue 2
141-161
EN
Neosemantic noun-to-verb conversions such as beer → to beer, door → to door, pink → to pink, etc., constitute a particularly interesting field of study for Cognitive Linguistics in that they call for a discourse-guided and context-based analysis of meaning construction. The present article takes a closer look at the cognitive motivation for the conversion process involved in the noun-verb alterations with a view to explaining the semantics of some conversion formations in relation to the user-centred discourse context. The analysis developed in this article draws from the combined insights of Fauconnier and Turner’s (2002) Conceptual Integration Theory and Langacker’s (2005, 2008) Current Discourse Space.
EN
The aim of the present article was to present the English word right as an example of radial category and to show the polysemious nature of the word. Polysemy is the phenomenon when a word has more than one meaning and the meanings can be brought to the main one - named prototype. On the basis of numerous examples collected from dictionaries of contemporary En¬glish language and language corpora of both, British and American, and etymological and histori¬cal analysis, the polysemious nature of the adjective right has been described. The article was written based on the assumptions of cognitive linguistics, and special attention was paid to the phenomenon of metaphor, which, as shown in the above analysis, often occurs in the uses of the word right.
EN
Summary This article discusses the use of the conceptual theory of blending in the creation of various animated animals known from pop culture. It concerns a central mental ability, one that blends two different frames of thought in order to create an original emergent structure. The examples chosen for the analysis differ greatly in terms of their structural complexity, their time of creation and popularity and their overall goals and target audiences. This working paper acknowledges the difficulties which arise when trying to comprehend the aims of these cartoon characters or, if applicable, the comedic nature of their names and the names of the animated shows they represent.
EN
Research on the names of mixed alcoholic drinks was inspired by the conviction that they were an important part of the code of culture. It is due to this code that a nation or a society can communicate or create its own identity. In the beginning of the article the position of alcoholic drinks in Polish customs from Middle Ages till contemporary times was shortly discussed. The author analyzed the names of the drinks that she classified as the ‘creative’ ones, with evident authorship. Four hundred names of drinks listed in a handbook written by Polish authors (Brodziński, Brodzińska 1993) and names of drinks that appear in the menu of 50 contemporary pubs, clubs and restaurants from different areas of Poland have been analyzed in the article. The attempt to create a typology of such names led to discover-ing structural metaphors that inspired particular names.
EN
The linguistic and cultural units war in the sphere of Ukrainian prose in the context of cognitive linguistic, linguistic culture and social linguistic with using of conceptual and cognitive approach is studied. This approach allows to model and reflect the structural elements of speech act participants’ consciousness, it is based on the concept analysis, linguistic and cultural units, metaphorical models and stereotypes, which are the base of a specific conception.
7
63%
PL
Czy można wniknąć w sposób myślenia ludzi, nawet tych żyjących kilkaset lat temu? Czy biblistyka ma swoje miejsce w przestrzeni publicznej? Przesłanie prorockie pozostaje aktualne również obecnie, nawet po wypełnieniu proroctw mesjańskich. Zauważa się to na wielu płaszczyznach. Przede wszystkim przesłanie proroków porusza problemy,z którymi ludzkość boryka się pomimo upływu czasu. Ponadto przekazuje ono uniwersalne prawdy o Bogu, człowieku i świecie. Tekst biblijny można badać nowymi metodami, które odkrywają i potwierdzają przesłanie Pisma Świętego. Tak dzieje się choćby w przypadku metafory konceptualnej – metody przeniesionej do egzegezy z gruntu językoznawstwa kognitywnego. Właśnie owa metoda sprawia, że tzw. black box, czyli ludzki umysł, staje się dla badacza choć trochę bardziej przejrzysty. Wyniki analizy tekstu, dokonanej wspomnianą metodą, uzupełniają i potwierdzają wyniki dotychczasowych badań.
EN
Is it possible to penetrate people’s minds, even those who lived several hundred years ago? Does the Bible exegesis have its place in public space? The prophetic message remains as current as it is today, even after fulfilling the messianic prophecies. It is noticed on many levels. First of all, the message of the prophets raises problems that humanity has been struggling with despite the passage of time. In addition, it conveys universal truths about God, man and the world. The biblical text can also be explored with new methods that reveal and confirm the message of the Holy Scriptures. It happens also with the conceptual metaphor – the method transferred to the exegesis from cognitive linguistics. It is the method that makes the so-called black box, or the human mind, becomes even more transparent for the researcher. And the results of the text analysis, carried out with the aforementioned method, complement and confirm the results of previous research.
XX
This article presents the problem of modal verbs in Spanish from the perspective of Langacker’s cognitive grammar. Langacker defines modal verbs as grounding elements that can express implicit meanings and thus increase the degree of subjectivity of the utterance. Unlike English modal verbs, which are completely unanchored and fully grammaticalized, Spanish modal verbs exhibit verb inflection. The aim of this article is to compare the construals with and without a modal verb and to point out the differences between the positions of conceptualizers (speaker and addressee). For these purposes several graphical representations are proposed throughout the article. As the proposed schemes show, the position of conceptualizers plays a key role in the conception of any construal. It is concluded that a construal with a modal verb has a more subjectively anchored interaction between the two conceptualizers and that the speaker is always a completely implicit part of the utterance.
EN
The present article contains a trial of setting in order, terms connected with world’s representation notion for example: language, cultural, ethnical or conceptual world’s view notion, conceptosphere, but are also defined in various ways by research workers, who took up research of mutual language, culture, ethos, and national mentality connection. To this end the author of the article has used the term of concept, mainly because of the fact, that it shows the structure of world’s representation. The general hierarchy and correlation of examined terms, were described in opened schema, which can be refilled with other terms like: notional, universal, cognitive the world’s view.
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