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Jak się ma "krawat" do "kravat’", "dywan" do "divan" czy "kawior" do "kavior", czyli o polsko-rosyjskiej homonimii międzyjęzykowej

100%
Komorowska E.
Studia Językoznawcze. Synchroniczne i diachroniczne aspekty badań polszczyzny
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2012
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vol. 11
93-108
EN
This paper deals with Polish-Russian interlingual homonymy. Interlingual homonyms are understood as words which have similar pronunciation but do not share the same meaning in different languages. The investigated homonyms come from two dictionaries, Rosyjsko-polski słownik paraleli leksykalnych by Wladimir Dubiczynski, Marcelina Grabska and Ewa Komorowska (in preparation) and Rosyjsko-polski słownik homonimów międzyjęzykowych by Krzysztof Kusal. Taking the formal criterion into consideration, the analysis reveals the existence of complete homonyms (e.g. Russian УРÓК ‘lesson’ and Polish UROK ‘charm’) and partial homonyms (e.g. Russian ДИВÁН ‘sofa’ and Polish DYWAN ‘carpet’). Semantically speaking, it is possible to distinguish homonyms with opposite meanings (e.g. Russian ЗАПОМИНAНИЕ ‘remembering’ and Polish ZAPOMINANIE ‘forgetting’), homonyms with different scopes of meaning (e.g. Russian НЕДÉЛЯ ‘week’ and Polish NIEDZIELA ‘Monday’) and homonyms sharing the same root (e.g. Russian ЛЕНЬ ‘laziness’ and Polish LEŃ ‘lazy person’).
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New lexical materials for the Proto-Afro-Asiatic anatomical and physiological terminology I: Body part names with initial labials: General terms, head and neck

84%
Takács G.
Lingua Posnaniensis
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2022
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vol. 64
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issue 2
107-144
EN
The paper constitutes the first part of a long-range series of studies gradually elaborating the enormous new materials of the anestral anatomical-physiological vocabulary of Proto-Afro-Asiatic, supposed to be the earliest known parental language spoken by the earliest known neolithic community on earth. This series is parallel to the author’s ongoing projects for a comprehensive analysis of the diverse segments of the immense new cultural lexicon that has emerged in course of the author’s root research over the past some three decades.
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