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1

Ponownie o adekwatnej definicji kłamstwa

100%
Jadacki J.
Edukacja Filozoficzna
|
2018
|
issue 65
153-158
EN
The paper discusses some questions arising on the margins of the article Does Polish law guarantee the conscience clause for physicians? by Father Andrzej Szostek. The author of the paper indicates essential doubts as to the scope of the validity of norms and their limiting clauses even if these norms and clauses are formulated very generally. These doubts concern, in particular, the method of establishing operational definitions for notions that come here into play.
2
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Improving Unjust Laws Without Inviting Unjust Plans: The Case of Abortion for Fetal Anomaly

100%
Watt H.
Logos i Ethos
|
2020
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vol. 53
|
issue 1
179-193
EN
Some laws cannot yet be entirely abrogated in a current political situation, though permitting grave injustices against some individuals; for example, unborn and/or disabled individuals. In supporting the passing of new ‘imperfect’ laws that protect only some of those who now lack protection, do we ourselves discriminate unjustly against those remaining unprotected? Or does that depend on factors such as our intentions – including what we intend that others intend? How may we collaborate with colleagues who intend, and perhaps explicitly defend, the continuation of remaining, closely-related injustices, although they are willing to join us in trying to improve some aspects of the status quo? This paper explores the moral constraints on our attempts to extend the law’s protection to some, but not to all, of those individuals currently deprived of such protection and at risk of serious harm.
3
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Liability of Juveniles Under Article 10 § 2 of the Criminal Code for Various Forms of Criminal Cooperation. Part One

86%
Kulik M.
Studia Iuridica Lublinensia
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2018
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vol. 27
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issue 2
EN
The entire study is devoted to the question of the imputability of criminal responsibility to a minor acting under the conditions set out in Article 10 § 2 of the Polish Criminal Code for acts committed in various phenomenal forms. In the first part of the study, the author presents four concepts existing in this field in Polish literature and basic arguments for each of them. He pointed to his own concept and justified it by referring to complicity and multiplicity.
PL
Opracowanie jest poświęcone kwestii możliwości przypisania odpowiedzialności karnej nieletniemu działającemu w warunkach określonych w art. 10 § 2 k.k. za czyny popełnione w różnych postaciach zjawiskowych. W pierwszej części autor prezentuje cztery koncepcje istniejące w tym zakresie w polskiej literaturze i podstawowe argumenty przemawiające za każdą z nich. Wskazujeteż własną koncepcję i uzasadnia ją, odwołując się do współsprawstwa i wielosprawstwa.
4
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Právna úprava trestnej súčinnosti formou spolupáchateľstva a účastníctva fyzických osôb v Českej a Slovenskej republike

86%
Kubička R.
Právník. Teoretický časopis pro otázky státu a práva (The Lawyer - Scientific Review for Problems of State and Law)
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2018
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vol. 157
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issue 11
922-944
EN
The article considers two forms of aiding and abetting by means of complicity and criminal involvement. The introduction focuses on the explanation of the terms aiding and abetting, criminal involvement in the wider sense of the word, complicity and criminal involvement in the narrow sense of the word. The first chapter analyses the historical development of legal regulation of complicity and criminal involvement in the Czech and Slovak Republic since the elimination of legal dualism in former Czechoslovakia up to the present day and compares the particular legal regulations of the subject-matter in question. The second chapter analyses the current legal regulation of complicity and criminal involvement in both countries and compares each other as well as with preceding criminal laws. The aim of the article is to identify problematic parts of the legal regulation of complicity and criminal involvement in the considered criminal laws. The author of the article identified problematic provisions and other shortcomings of the evaluated provisions of the criminal laws in accordance with the set goal along with an emphasis placed on the current legal regulation. His findings can be an incentive for a professional discussion focusing on examination of justification of any amendment and supplement to legal provisions identified by the author as problematic.
SK
Článok sa zaoberá dvomi formami trestnej súčinnosti, a to spolupáchateľstvom a účastníctvom. V úvode vysvetľuje pojmy trestná súčinnosť, účastníctvo v širšom zmysle, spolupáchateľstvo a účastníctvo v užšom zmysle. V prvej kapitole analyzuje historický vývoj právnej úpravy spolupáchateľstva a účastníctva v Českej a Slovenskej republike od odstránenia právneho dualizmu v bývalom Československu až po súčasnosť a porovnáva jednotlivé právne úpravy predmetnej problematiky. V druhej kapitole analyzuje súčasnú právnu úpravu spolupáchateľstva a účastníctva v oboch republikách a porovnáva ich navzájom, ako aj s predchádzajúcimi trestnými zákonmi. Cieľom článku bolo identifikovať problematické časti právnej úpravy spolupáchateľstva a účastníctva v posudzovaných trestných zákonoch. Autor v článku v súlade s vytýčeným cieľom identifikoval problematické ustanovenia a iné nedostatky hodnotených ustanovení trestných zákonov s dôrazom na aktuálnu právnu úpravu. Zistenia môžu byť námetom na odbornú diskusiu zameranú na zhodnotenie dôvodnosti zmeny a doplnenia zákonných ustanovení, ktoré autor identifikoval ako problematické.
5
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Współudział w samobójstwie (kwestia dobra prawnego)

72%
Małecki M.
Acta Iuris Stetinensis
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2021
|
vol. 35
53-63
EN
The article discusses the issues of justification of criminalization of complicity in another person’s suicide in the context of the protection of the legal interest, which is human life. The author also looks at conditions that validate the functioning of a provision that stipulates criminal liability for complicity in an act whose disposer waives the protection of his own legal interest. It is concluded that a person who attempts on their own life does not attack a legally protected interest, because human life should not be referred to as a legal interest in this person’s relation to their own life. However, human life remains a legal interest in erga omnes relations, irrespective of whether we refer to a person wanting to annihilate their own life. As a result, it is assumed that criminalization of the offence described in Art. 151 of the Polish Criminal Code cannot be questioned with reference to arguments based on the legal interest.
PL
W artykule poruszono zagadnienie uzasadnienia kryminalizacji współudziału w targnięciu się przez inną osobę na własne życie w kontekście ochrony dobra prawnego, jakim jest życie człowieka. Rozważono, pod jakimi warunkami uzasadnione może być funkcjonowanie przepisu przewidującego karalność za współudział w czynie, którego dysponent zrzeka się ochrony własnego dobra prawnego. Stwierdzono, że osoba dopuszczająca się zamachu samobójczego nie atakuje dobra chronionego prawem, gdyż nie należy mówić o życiu człowieka jako dobru prawnym w relacji danej osoby do jej własnego życia. Życie człowieka pozostaje jednak dobrem prawnym w relacjach erga omnes, niezależnie od tego, czy mowa o człowieku dążącym do unicestwienia swojego własnego życia. Przyjęto w rezultacie, że kryminalizacja przestępstwa opisanego w art. 151 k.k. nie może być kwestionowana z odwołaniem się do argumentacji bazującej na dobru prawnym.
6
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Relevant Connection in Criminal Law

72%
Benkivsky V.
Copernicus Political and Legal Studies
|
2023
|
vol. 2
|
issue 2
61-67
EN
The article is devoted to the study of modern problematic issues of causation in criminal law. These issues include, in particular, the issue of relevance of causation in criminal law itself, and the specifics of manifestations of relevance of causation in criminal law. The article notes that the purpose of scientific research is to identify and analyze the characteristics and criteria of relevant causation. The methods of the presented study include dialectical, systemic-structural, logical, etc. The results of the study are summarized in a number of important provisions. The author emphasizes the importance of the study of causation in criminal law as a formal and legal one, which is related to the study of causation as relevant, meeting the requirements and solving the problems of modern criminal law. The article notes that the characterization of causation in criminal law should not be limited to the connection between an act and socially dangerous consequences, since causality expressed by causation is manifested in a combination of components which are part of the content of various criminal law institutions. The article examines some characteristics of the relevance of causation in criminal law. Attention is drawn to the importance of legal and technical reflection of causation in criminal law as a condition for the relevance of causation. The article notes that the formalization of causation is the basis for considering such a connection as relevant (meeting legal requirements). The author examines institutional and inter-institutional manifestations of causation in criminal law. Furthermore, the author examines the causal manifestations which combine a criminal offense (in particular, a crime) and the legal consequences provided for by criminal law in relation to the subject who committed the offense. The article examines the peculiarities of causation in relation to certain criminal law institutions. The main conclusions of the study are the following: the need to clarify the criteria of relevant causation, the statement of relevant causation in criminal law within certain criminal law institutions, the need to consider causation in a broader criminal law context, and not only within the corpus delicti, etc.
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Gatunek dziennikarski jako determinanta odpowiedzialności dziennikarza. Wybrane aspekty prawne. Część piąta

58%
Sobczak J., Kakareko K.
Studia Medioznawcze
|
2018
|
issue 3 (74)
13-27
EN
The journalist’s particular diligence and integrity is not limited to faithful representation of the information he/she has obtained. The journalist’s duty is to verify, which means checking information in other sources. The result of failure to observe diligence and reliability can be on the one hand defamation of the person, and on the other hand, can be seen as violation of personal rights. Analysing the problem of defamation, one should refer to the public character of this crime, which a journalist commits using media, including the Internet.
PL
Szczególna staranność i rzetelność dziennikarza nie ogranicza się do wiernego przedstawiania informacji, które uzyskał. Jego obowiązkiem jest także ich weryfikacja, czyli sprawdzenie informacji w innych źródłach. Efektem niezachowania staranności i rzetelności może być z jednej strony zniesławienie jakieś osoby, z drugiej – naruszenie jej dóbr osobistych. Analizując problem przestępstwa zniesławienia, należałoby się odnieść do publicznego charakteru tego przestępstwa, które dziennikarz popełnia przy użyciu środków komunikowania masowego, w tym również za pośrednictwem internetu.
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