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THE EUROPEAN INVESTIGATION ORDER AS A MECHANISM FOR INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN CRIMINAL CASES TO COMBAT CYBERCRIME

100%
OLBER P.
Przegląd Policyjny
|
2020
|
vol. 137(1)
174-187
EN
The fi ght against cybercrime requires effective and rapid solutions for the collection of digital evidence at the international level. An example of such an instrument is the European Investigation Order, which introduces a comprehensive system for obtaining evidence in cross-border cases. The legislation on this solution is contained in directive 2014/41/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 3 April 2014 on the European Investigation Order in criminal matters. The above regulations have been implemented into the Polish national law by the Act of 10 January 2018 amending the Act — The Code of Criminal Procedure and certain other acts. The European Investigation Order was presumably fi rst used by Polish law enforcement authorities in a case involving cybercrimes committed by a person using the aliases Thomas and Armaged0n. The use of this investigation measure made it possible to apprehend the offender many years after the fi rst offence was committed and the offender was identifi ed49. Despite this success, further changes to the European Investigation Order in national legislation are needed to improve the effectiveness of the fi ght against cybercrime. It should be proposed to modify the Prosecution Services’ Rules of Procedure as regards the authorities competent to issue European Investigation Orders. Currently, the authorities executing the European Investigation Order in Poland at the stage of preparatory proceedings are district prosecutor’s offi ces, whereas such powers should be vested in every prosecutor conducting preparatory proceedings.
2
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OBTAINING DATA LOCATED IN DEVICES OR IT SYSTEMS — SELECTED ISSUES IN LIGHT OF THE PROVISIONS OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL LAW

100%
OLBER P.
Przegląd Policyjny
|
2019
|
vol. 136(4)
193-208
EN
There is a lack of consensus among national law enforcement and judicial authorities as to which procedural acts are relevant for obtaining data contained in devices or information systems for evidentiary purposes. It is easy to fi nd supporters of the search of the information system as well as those who consider it appropriate to carry out inspections. However, regardless of many examples and arguments of various persons, it may seem that the compromise in this respect should be the position of the National Public Prosecutor’s Offi ce on the procedural practice related to obtaining data contained in IT equipment or systems for evidentiary purposes. However, the opinion of the National Prosecutor’s Offi ce does not take into account legally protected data, and in particular, legal aspects related to obtaining access to the content of telecommunications, including text messages protected by telecommunications secrecy. The article is a summary of the previous considerations regarding the possibility of obtaining data located in IT equipment or systems. The article also contains the author’s conclusions, based on, inter alia, methodology for securing digital footprints, intended for all representatives of national law enforcement and judicial authorities.
3
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Dawn Raids and the Role of Forensic IT in Antitrust Investigations

84%
Polański J.
Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
|
2020
|
vol. 13
|
issue 21
187-218
FR
Si les marchés numériques suscitent une grande attention de la part de la communauté antitrust, des évolutions importantes ont également lieu en ce qui concerne la manière dont les enquêtes antitrust sont menées et dont les preuves sont préservées. De plus en plus d’actions des autorités antitrust sont fondées sur la capacité à trouver et à préserver les preuves numériques d’une activité illégale. Le présent article se concentre sur les développements récents de la jurisprudence concernant l’approche de l’informatique juridique dans l’application de la legislation antitrust et examine si les autorités antitrust disposent d’une marge de manoeuvre suffisante pour exercer correctement leurs pouvoirs. L’article se concentre sur les développements procéduraux au niveau de l’UE et dans une juridiction nationale de l’UE, la Pologne. L’article conclut que l’approche actuelle ne permet pas d’utiliser pleinement les capacités disponibles. Une proposition est faite pour une approche alternative, qui bénéficierait d’une application efficace de la legislation antitrust et d’une procédure régulière.
EN
While digital markets attract much attention of the antitrust community, important developments also take place in relation to the way antitrust investigations are handled and evidence is preserved. More and more enforcement actions of antitrust authorities rely on the ability to find and preserve digital evidence of an illegal activity. This article focuses on recent case law developments in relation to the approach to forensic IT in antitrust enforcement and investigates whether enough leeway is left to the antitrust authorities to properly discharge their powers. The article focuses on the procedural developments at the EU level and in one EU national jurisdiction, i.e. Poland. The article concludes that the current approach to forensics in antitrust does not allow to use available capabilities to a full extent. A proposal is made for an alternative approach, which would benefit effective antitrust enforcement and due process.
4
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Praktyka wykorzystywania Internetu w zwalczaniu przestępczości przeciwko zabytkom

59%
Grajewski A.
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Iuridica
|
2018
|
vol. 83
43-54
EN
We are seeing a change in the development of science, which draws forensics knowledge and use of the achievements, adapting them to fight crime. Modern forensics does not stop at the same adaptation of the achievements of other sciences, but also independently develops its own methods and means of fighting crime, which is associated with ongoing technological progres and the growing needs of law enforcement and forensics. Collected during the activity traces of forensic science today, we can identify using modern technologies. It is now possible, thanks also obtained new sources of personal and work hard analytical, investigative and operational. As practice shows the basis for the initiation of proceedings may also be electronic evidence, which can be found by analyzing the content of the Internet.
PL
Obserwujemy zmiany w toku rozwoju nauk, z których kryminalistyka czerpie wiedzę i z których osiągnięć korzysta, przystosowując je do walki z przestępczością. Współczesna kryminalistyka nie poprzestaje na samej adaptacji zdobyczy innych nauk, ale również samodzielnie opracowuje własne metody i środki do walki z przestępczością, co wiąże się z ciągłym postępem technicznym i rosnącymi potrzebami organów ścigania i kryminalistyki. Zgromadzone w trakcie czynności ślady kryminalistyczne możemy dziś zidentyfikować, stosując nowoczesne technologie. Jest to obecnie możliwe, również dzięki uzyskanym nowym źródłom osobowym oraz ciężkiej pracy analitycznej, dochodzeniowej i operacyjnej. Jak pokazuje praktyka, podstawą wszczynania postępowania mogą być również dowody elektroniczne, które można znaleźć, analizując zawartość Internetu.
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