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Document examinations in Malta

100%
Calafato T.
Nowa kodyfikacja prawa karnego
|
2018
|
vol. 49
39-49
EN
The forensics of documents in Malta is constantly increasing in demand. This need is a reaction to the control of human trafficking and the international threat of terrorism, amongst other crimes in Malta and Europe. Besides the constant updates in the Criminal Code, document fraud analysts are increasingly in demand to ensure a more thorough and scientific analysis of forgeries of documents, stamps, seals and private writings.
2
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Travel Documents in use by Terrorists

86%
Molnár Á.
Internal Security
|
2019
|
vol. 11(1)
133-145
EN
How does globalization affect the world? Terrorism in the XXI century is a global phenomenon, most frequently encountered in developed Western countries, although it is gaining in importance in developing countries. In order to prepare for this phenomenon and to take appropriate preventive measures, necessary for accurate identification, the following actions should be carried out: tracking, mapping, recognition, re-establishment of networks and even the apprehension of the perpetrator of a crime. Unfortunately, not only citizens and law enforcement authorities but also terrorist organisations can benefit from new technological inventions. According to the author, identifying, observing and disclosing persons crossing the border who are perpetrators of terrorist crimes is becoming an increasingly difficult task, as criminals can recruit new members in several countries and the recruiter does not even have to be in the same place as the new „candidate”. In future, the fight against terrorism will not be carried out primarily on the battlefields of crisis-stricken areas, but on the borders of protected areas, with the use of computer monitors and in cooperation of intelligence services with other countries. Adequate EU legislation is needed to restrict the free movement of persons committing terrorist offences. EU countries must guarantee the security of their citizens and fight terrorism effectively.
3
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Prawo własności intelektualnej w modzie. Historyczny rozwój prawnej ochrony producentów mody

71%
Raciniewska A.
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny
|
2015
|
vol. 77
|
issue 2
193-207
EN
Since the beginning of modern fashion industry, fashion producers have been victims of unauthorized copying and unfair competition. However, with the rise of a fast fashion segment and the development of digital technology, the Internet and social media, this process is even more dynamic and fashion piracy is now a multi-billion dollar industry. The complexity of the problem, the specifics of the apparel industry as well as an ambivalent attitude of fashion manufacturers to copyright are reflected in frequent discussions among fashion professionals, lawyers, journalists and academics concerned about fashion piracy. However, while on the one hand fashion industry is getting closer to become subject to protection by vesting rights in designers and fashion designs, there are also voices suggesting positive effects of piracy in the apparel industry, which question the legitimacy of copyright law in fashion. The purpose of this article is to show the past process of building complex relationships between fashion and the law in modern societies and to discuss different perceptions of intellectual property in the industry.
PL
Od początków istnienia nowoczesnej branży odzieżowej, producenci mody byli ofiarami nieautoryzowanego kopiowania i nieuczciwej konkurencji. Jednakże wraz z powstaniem segmentu szybkiej mody, rozwojem technologii cyfrowych, Internetu i mediów społecznościowych proces ten się nasilił, a piractwo modowe stanowi obecnie zorganizowany przemysł wart miliardy dolarów. Złożoność problemu, specyfika branży odzieżowej i ambiwalencja samych producentów mody w kwestii kopiowania powodują, że piractwo w modzie jest kwestią często dyskutowaną wśród modowych profesjonalistów, prawników, dziennikarzy i naukowców. Mimo nasilającego się trendu obejmowania prawem projektantów i wzornictwa modowego, obserwujemy również próby kwestionowania zasadności wprowadzania prawa autorskiego do mody i wskazywania pozytywnych skutków piractwa w specyficznej branży odzieżowej. Celem niniejszego artykułu jest ukazanie historycznego procesu budowania złożonych relacji między modą i prawem w społeczeństwach nowoczesnych oraz omówienie różnych sposób postrzegania kwestii prawa własności intelektualnej w tej branży.
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