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Przestrzenne zróżnicowanie płac w Polsce

100%
Adamczyk A., Tokarski T., Włodarczyk R. W.
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
|
2009
|
vol. 234
|
issue 9
87-108
EN
The paper offers a statistical analysis of the determinants of wage differences in Poland in 2002-2006. These analyses are made with the use of a theoretical model that combines the Solow-Summers efficiency wage model (a neo-Keynesian economic model) and neoclassical growth models. This combined model shows that wage differences are determined by macroeconomic variables such as labor productivity and the unemployment rate. The authors use statistical data collected by the Central Statistical Office (GUS) on wages, labor productivity and unemployment in individual counties in Poland in 2002-2006. The analysis shows that the highest wages are reported in large urban centers and “counties that are centers of local economic development,” the authors say. On the other hand, the lowest wages are in typically agricultural counties and those that were home to many former state-run farms. In counties with a high rate of unemployment, relative wages in 2002-2006 were usually lower than in counties with low unemployment rates, while a high level of relative labor productivity was usually accompanied by a high level of relative wages. Regression equation estimates for each of the country’s 16 provinces show that relative wages had a different impact on unemployment rates and relative labor productivity in individual provinces.
2
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”You Must Swear [...] That Care for the Well-Being and Health of Women in Labor and Their Infants Shall Be the Only Objective of Your Work.” Midwives in the Galician Autonomy - Statistical and Geographical Analysis by Counties

86%
Rejman S.
Studia Historiae Oeconomicae
|
2019
|
vol. 37
46-66
EN
The study analyses the number of midwives in the counties of Eastern and Western Galicia in census years 1869, 1880, 1890, 1900 and 1910, and the ratios per cadastral commune, 10,000 square kilometers, 10,000 civilians and 10,000 women in a county. The analysis was based on Austrian and Galician statistical reports. The results of the study confirmed that Eastern Galicia outnumbered Western Galicia in terms of midwives. However, it was in Western Galicia where the rate of growth was higher, and the effects of the 1910 collapse more moderate. This could have been due to an amendment to the 1897 midwifery regulations. The position of individual counties changed, depending on the year and the specific measure. In Eastern Galicia, Lisko county ranked the worst and Horodenka, Śniatyń, Tarnopol, Trembowla, and Brzozów counties ranked the best. In Western Galicia, Limanowa county ranked the worst, while Brzesko, Kraków, Łańcut, Wadowice, Przeworsk, and Podgórze counties ranked the best. There is a strong positive correlation between the rank and natural conditions (water, soil, climate), type of crops, agricultural development and processing, transport system (road and rail), population, and stimulating function of large urban centers. Favorable conditions were correlated with higher values in measures of the number of midwives.
3
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Reprezentacja powiatów w sejmikach na przykładzie Małopolski

72%
Flis J.
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego ACTA POLITICA
|
2015
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vol. 33
|
issue 3
32-57
EN
The article shows the influence of territorial division and the existing electoral law on voting behaviors, as well as on electoral outcomes. The analysis was made on the case of the malopolskie voivodeship. The structure of this Polish province is highly diversified. The study involved the elections to regional councils from the years 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014. Their results show that there is a visible increase in the number of votes for those candidates who win seats in the council.
PL
W artykule pokazano wpływ podziału terytorialnego oraz obowiązującej ordynacji wyborczej na zachowania wyborcze i w konsekwencji na rezultaty wyborcze. Analiza została dokonana na przykładzie województwa małopolskiego, którego struktura terytorialna jest mocno zróżnicowana. Badaniu poddano wybory do sejmików z 2002, 2006, 2010, 2014 roku. Ich wyniki pokazują, że widoczny jest wzrost liczby głosów oddawanych na tych kandydatów, którzy zdobywają mandaty radnych.
4
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Zasadność funkcjonowania powiatów w obecnym kształcie

58%
Kierzyk T.
Społeczności Lokalne. Studia Interdyscyplinarne
|
2017
|
issue 1
rb.ujw.pl/local
EN
The article is a synthetic approach to the functioning of counties in their current territorial and competent forms. The author advocates the liquidation of counties, presenting examples of tasks which are arbitrarily and artificially distributed between two independent levels of local government. The selected examples of social assistance, transportation, and the law on inland fisheries are only an indication of the scope and size of the problem. The author in a very brief form refers to the anomaly of the unfinished reform of the administrative division of the country, showing the diversity of terminology, the lack of compatibility of the administrative boundaries of local government units with the state administration, and the resulting perturbations of everyday life.
PL
Artykuł stanowi syntetyczne ujęcie problematyki zasadności funkcjonowania powiatów w ich obecnym kształcie terytorialnym i kompetencyjnym. Autor, opowiadając się za likwidacją powiatów, prezentuje przykładowe zadania powiatu w kontekście ich dezaktualizacji bądź pokazując, iż są one wynikiem sztucznego rozdziału zadań pomiędzy dwa niezależne od siebie szczeble samorządu terytorialnego. Wybrane przykłady z zakresu pomocy społecznej, komunikacji czy prawa o rybołówstwie śródlądowym są tylko wskazaniem skali i rozmiarów poruszanej w artykule kwestii. Autor w bardzo skrótowej formie odnosi się do anomalii niedokończonej reformy podziału administracyjnego kraju, pokazując niejednolitość terminologii, brak kompatybilności granic administracyjnych jednostek samorządowych z administracją państwową i wynikające z tego perturbacje dnia codziennego.
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