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Rozwój lokalny i regionalny po kryzysie

100%

Skubiak B.

Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu

2013

issue 2 (23)

77-91

The world is influenced by a deep and prolonged economic slowdown, which has been called the “great recession”. In comparison to the Great Depression of 1929-1933 and previous economic shocks, the current recession takes place in economically and financially integrated world. The ways of dealing with the crisis are different depending on the country and its decision-making level (the central government or local government). The impact of the crisis on different regions is certainly not the same and to a large extent it depends on the national economic and possessed sectoral structure. In the short term crisis effects will influence more regions with an old economic structure which is dominated by the manufacturing sector. However, in the long-term crisis effects can vary in different regions. Since 2009 to the present there have been conducted several studies examining the influence of the crisis on the cities and regions. Some studies analyze a certain sector, for example the real estate markets, the phenomenon of housing exclusion or financial failures in urban areas. Other studies analyze the economic and social outcomes of the crisis on various European and American cities. The other try to analyze the position of local governments in the face of the economic disaster. Regions with specialized manufacturing processes can play an important role in stimulating economic growth despite external shocks, if they are well prepared to recover the balance for domestic and international demand. In the case of structurally weak regions there is a risk that the loss of jobs and businesses in a recession can lead to structurally lower levels of employment and economic activity. Moreover, the reducing employment can be a cause that these regions are more vulnerable to further cuts in public spending in order to minimize the debts in recent years. Such a situation will force the regional policy to search for the ways to increase efficiency and the quality of spent money, for example through collaboration and bottom-up approach to development which mobilize existing entities and resources in the area. It is also important that the actions taken by the state, which meant to lead to more growth cannot be at the cost of limiting the founds given for the research and development as well as innovation and human capital. However, one of the most important experience in time of crisis is to determine the scale of the economic interdependence between regions and countries, and the need for international and inter-regional cooperation and coordination to solve common problems. In addition, the crisis points at the importance of government intervention in the form of both monetary and fiscal policy as well as in minimizing the economic problems. The purpose of this paper is to answer the question of how the current financial and economic crisis will have long-term consequences for local and regional development.

Potencjalne zagrożenia z przyjęcia wspólnej waluty w Polsce w świetle doświadczeń Hiszpanii i wyników gospodarczych wybranych krajów strefy euro

72%

Mucha-Leszko B., Twarowska K.

Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy

2016

vol. 48

34-45

Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza empiryczna mająca na celu weryfikację korzyści i zagrożeń rezygnacji z waluty narodowej na rzecz euro, a studium przypadku jest Hiszpania. Gospodarka tego kraju ze względu na potencjał, stadium rozwoju oraz cechy strukturalne, mimo swojej specyfiki może być porównywana z gospodarką Polski. Analiza czynników długookresowego wzrostu gospodarczego Hiszpanii i narastających nierównowag makroekonomicznych wydaje się być dla Polski przydatna w ocenie stanu gospodarki oraz możliwości jej rozwoju w warunkach unii walutowej. Ważną częścią analizy jest ocena wyników gospodarczych Polski w latach 2000–2014 na tle strefy euro, a także Niemiec, Finlandii, Grecji, Hiszpanii, Portugalii i Słowacji z wykorzystaniem jedenastu wskaźników makroekonomicznych. Ocena wyników gospodarczych została przeprowadzona z wyodrębnieniem dwóch okresów czasowych 2000–2007 i 2008–2014 w celu zbadania potencjału rozwojowego krajów strefy euro i Polski w warunkach stabilnej koniunktury gospodarczej i zdolności wychodzenia z kryzysu w latach 2008–2014. Celem artykułu jest ocena zagrożeń dla Polski po przystąpieniu do unii walutowej z punktu widzenia osiągniętej konwergencji gospodarczej i efektów procesów dostosowawczych oraz doświadczeń Hiszpanii. Autorki wychodzą z założenia, że poziom boomu kredytowego wyznacza granicę bezpieczeństwa między korzyściami i kosztami przystąpienia do unii walutowej, na co narażone są przede wszystkim kraje o niższej wydajności pracy i słabsze technologicznie. Kon-frontując wyniki gospodarcze Polski z wybranymi krajami strefy euro Autorki poszukują odpowiedzi na trzy pytania: Czy Polska znajduje się już na takim etapie rozwoju, który zapewnia realizację korzyści z unii walutowej? W jakim stopniu dziesięć lat członkostwa w Unii Europejskiej wpłynęło na dostosowanie gospodarki do warunków funkcjonowania w jednolitym rynku wewnętrznym? Czy nie ma zagrożeń utrzymania równowagi makroekonomicznej?

The subject of the paper is the empirical analysis that aims to verify the benefits and threats of sacrificing the national currency for the euro, and the case study is the example of Spain. The economy of this country, as regards its potential, the stage of development and structural features, can be compared to the Polish economy. The analysis of longterm economic growth factors in Spain and growing macroeconomic imbalances seems to be useful for Poland in assessing the economy and development possibilities under conditions of a monetary union. The important part of the analysis is the assessment of Polish economic performance in the period 2000-2014 on the background of the euro area average as well as of Germany, Finland, Greece, Spain, Portugal and Slovakia using eleven macroeconomic indicators. The assessment of economic performance has been carried out in separated two periods: 2000–2007 and 2008–2014 in order to investigate the euro area member states’ and Poland’s development potential under conditions of stable business climate and the ability to recover during 2008–2014. The aim of the paper is to assess the risks for Poland after joining the monetary union from the viewpoint of achieved economic convergence, effects of adjustment process and Spain’s experiences. The Authors assume that the level of the credit boom marks the safety line between bene-fits and costs of joining the monetary union, and mainly countries with lower labor productivity and technologically weaker are at risk. Comparing the Polish economic performance with selected euro area countries the Authors look for the answers to three questions: Has Poland already reached the stage of development that ensures achieving the benefits of the monetary union? To what extent ten years of membership in the European Union have contributed to the economy adaptation to the functioning under conditions of the single internal market? Are there any threats to the macroeconomic balance maintenance?

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1 Ekonomia - Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny we Wroclawiu

1 Nierówności społeczne a wzrost gospodarczy

1 Mucha-Leszko B.

1 Skubiak B.

1 Twarowska K.

1 2016

1 2013

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Rozwój lokalny i regionalny po kryzysie

Potencjalne zagrożenia z przyjęcia wspólnej waluty w Polsce w świetle doświadczeń Hiszpanii i wyników gospodarczych wybranych krajów strefy euro