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EN
Security, economic and social stability of the country, its functionality but also protecting the lives and property of citizens are dependent on the proper functioning of many infrastructure systems of state. Disruptions, lack or destruction of such systems, institutions, facilities and other services could cause disruption of social stability and national security, provoke a crisis situation or seriously affect the operation of state and local governments in crisis situations. This is known as critical infrastructure. It is in the interest of the State to the critical infrastructure effectively protected.
EN
The article is focused on critical infrastructure protection in the field of selected liability issues. Critical infrastructure is significant from the country’s integrity and continuity point of view at all levels: economic, social and political. The process of sectoral markets liberalisation and the spread of international connections of these markets (e.g. arising of transeuropean networks) have resulted in shared responsibility on critical infrastructure protection. Protection duties have been divided between private (infrastructure operators) and public authorities. It is seemingly clear which one: the former or the latter bears responsibility for the protection of critical infrastructure during and after its disruption. In fact clarificatio of this area poses a problem at the level of prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery. The critical infrastructure protection becomes a jigsaw puzzle of imperium and dominium relations that results in sophisticated picture of responsibility.
PL
W artykule zarysowano problematykę ochrony infrastruktury krytycznej na tle wybranych aspektów odpowiedzialności prawnej. Infrastruktura krytyczna stanowi istotny element ciągłości funkcjonowania państwa w wymiarze gospodarczym, społecznym i politycznym. Podstawę odpowiedzialności prawnej za jej ochronę stanowią normy prawa administracyjnego, cywilnego i karnego. Odpowiedzialność ta pozostaje rozproszona pomiędzy podmioty prywatne i publiczne, co stanowi skutek procesów liberalizacji i internacjonalizacji rynków sektorowych (np. tworzenie sieci transeuropejskich). Wyznaczenie jej granic w przypadku pojawienia się lub eskalacji zagrożeń dla funkcjonowania infrastruktury krytycznej na etapie zapobiegania, reagowania i odbudowy może stwarzać problemy natury prawnej. Ochrona infrastruktury krytycznej staje się trudnym do ustalenia mariażem dwóch sfer: imperium i dominium.
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