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EN
Critical reading awareness can empower readers through critical reading skills used to understand ideological messages and domination act in language practice. The aim of this research was to develop and test a critical reading learning model to enhance university students’ critical awareness. This Research and Development study was carried out by following three main steps that were product development, product validation, and examination of product effectiveness. 56 students participated in this study. They came from the Indonesian Language Department, Negeri Makassar University, Indonesia. The qualitative data was analyzed with the use of domain analysis and the quantitative data was analyzed using t-test. The developed learning model was proven valid and feasible through experts’ validation. In addition, the results of the effectiveness test indicated that the learning model could improve students’ critical reading skills and students’ critical reading awareness of understanding, evaluating, and responding to texts.
EN
Aim. The paper aims to investigate the students interactions engaged in mindful tasks in an English reading classroom. It attempts to explore whether there is any connection between being mindful and having a good interaction. Methods. For the research a case study approach was utilised, in which eight BA students majoring in English language and literature at the University of Mazandaran participated. They were divided into two groups of non-mindful and less mindful, each having four members based on their scores from Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). The data was collected in three sessions of critical reading practice, in which both groups were engaged in different forms of critical reading tasks. The less mindful group was encouraged to engage in some mindful activities prior to the critical reading tasks. All the sessions were video recorded and then transcribed for analysis. The transcribed data were analysed by the researcher and a second rater. Results. The results of the data analysis demonstrated that there were some minor differences in interactions of non-mindful and less-mindful group in critical reading tasks. The less-mindful group seemed to have more interactions than the non-mindful one. Conclusions. Due to the study limitations the results cannot be generalised. Originality. Mindfulness is a fairly new concept in English language teaching which is attracting attention as an alternative to promote learning. However, within the context of education, there have also been a select few studies that have focused on the benefits of mindfulness in English reading classrooms.
EN
The contemporary humanities are facing another crisis and need to take up a significant task – through education and critical reading of texts, the humanities have to clarify not only the understanding of such categories as anthropocene, capitalocene, and ecopoetics, or ecocriticism, but also create an active change in thinking and acting. The present article is an attempt at undertaking those challenges by reading into the above-mentioned threads in contemporary literature and trying to propose solutions that would make students sensitive to the content of nature. I discuss reading strategies and interpretation models that include such mechanism of reading literary texts in which ecologically engaged literature influences the perception and understanding of the world around us, thereby becoming literature participating in social processes.
PL
Współczesna humanistyka stoi w obliczu kolejnego kryzysu, w związku z tym musi sprostać istotnemu wyzwaniu. Poprzez edukację i krytyczną lekturę tekstów powinna dookreślić rozumienie kategorii takich jak: „antropocen”, „kapitałocen”, „ekopoetyka” czy „ekokrytyka”, ale także kreować aktywną zmianę myślenia oraz działania. W artykule podjęto próbę odczytania wątków ekologicznych we współczesnej literaturze i zaproponowano rozwiązania pozwalające uwrażliwić uczniów na treści przyrodnicze. Omówiono strategie lekturowe i modele interpretacyjne, obejmujące taki mechanizm czytania tekstów literackich, w którym literatura zaangażowana ekologicznie wpływa na postrzeganie i rozumienie otaczającego nas świata, przez co staje się literaturą uczestniczącą w procesach społecznych.
EN
Abstract The paper presents the theoretical findings regarding children's critical reading skills. The articlecle also presents the Four Resources Model (Peter Freebody, Allan Luke) as a proposal to work with the text as part of critical literacy. Referring to the results of international research on progress in reading PIRLS, it reveals dilemmas related to the teaching of critical reading of the youngest recipients of literary content. Material and methods The article uses the analysis of documents concerning the level of reading skills, learning critical reading and the four resources model four resources Results The text presents the results of international PIRLS 2016 reading progress research and the theoretical findings regarding the critical reading model by Freebody and Luke. Conclusions Today's education can not ignore the critical literacy of children who are recipients of not only verbal but also (and perhaps above all) visual content
PL
Streszczenie Artykuł prezentuje teoretyczne ustalenia dotyczące dziecięcej umiejętności krytycznego czytania. Przedstawia Four Resources Model (Peter Freebody, Allan Luke) jako propozycję do pracy z tekstem w ramach krytycznej alfabetyzacji. Nawiązując do wyników międzynarodowych badań postępów w czytaniu PIRLS, ukazuje dylematy związane z uczeniem krytycznego czytania najmłodszych odbiorców treści literackich. Materiał i metody W pracy wykorzystano analizę dokumentów dotyczących poziomu umiejętności czytania, nauki krytycznego czytania oraz modelu czterech zasobów Wyniki Tekst prezentuje wyniki międzynarodowych badań postępów czytelniczych PIRLS 2016 oraz teoretyczne ustalenia dotyczące modelu krytycznego czytania autorstwa Freebody i Luke. Wnioski Współczesna edukacja nie może pominąć krytycznej alfabetyzacji dzieci, które są odbiorcami nie tylko słownych, ale także (a może przede wszystkim) wizualnych treści.
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