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EN
Research of efficiency of agricultural production in the agricultural enterprises of Ukraine. The basic tendencies and peculiarities of agricultural enterprises. Shows the dynamics of profitability of major products crops and livestock. The most acceptable ways of increasing efficiency in silhospodarskyh enterprises in terms of European integration.
PL
The paper discusses pursuing claims for damages for losses resulting from the implementation of public investments. The crop losses resulting from the construction of power transmission lines have already been a subject matter of court proceedings. Due to a variety of those proceedings no course of action has been developed yet. In the paper the Author focuses on the procedure of estimating the loss and determining the amount of damages for losses listed in the Act and for the other ones that the Act does not expressly define. Apart from the loss estimation procedure, the paper raises also other issues relating to a legal situation of a farmer in the court proceedings, such as the costs of private expert opinions and evidentiary proceedings or tax issues. The Author concludes that including a given loss in the investment act gives an injured party a privileged position and the obligations relating to a compensation procedure are passed on to an institution and an investor. This, however, does not apply to the persons whose losses have not been specified in the act. Thus, it is necessary for the investment acts to clarify the concept of “other losses” connected with carrying out a particular investment. Nevertheless, at this stage it would be advisable if public announcements informing about investments specified the dates of construction works and, as a result, indicated possible difficulty in getting access to farmlands.
EN
Crop protection chemicals used in agriculture may remain in food. Therefore, their use creates both an environmental and health risk. Despite appropriate legal regulations in the area, some food products contain remnants of such chemicals, or other pesticides, that exceed permitted levels. There are other risks related to using crop protection chemicals, too, such as misuse, growing sales of false chemicals, or negligence of health and safety rules by farmers. NIK carried out an audit, covering the whole country, on the activities of inspectorates that supervised marketing and use of crop protection chemicals by producers, and inspectorates responsible for food safety. The audit evaluated whether the safety system in the area is appropriate and effective.
PL
Wykorzystywane w produkcji środki ochrony roślin mogą gromadzić się w żywności. Stosowanie ich wiąże się więc z ryzykiem, zarówno środowiskowym, jak i zdrowotnym. Pomimo odpowiednich uregulowań prawnych w tej dziedzinie, wciąż pojawiają się produkty z pozostałościami tych środków i innych pestycydów przekraczające dopuszczalne stężenia. Ze środkami ochrony roślin wiążą się również inne zagrożenia, jak np. stosowanie ich niezgodnie z przeznaczeniem, rosnąca sprzedaż preparatów fałszywych czy lekceważenie zasad BHP przez rolników. Mając te kwestie na uwadze, NIK przeprowadziła ogólnopolską kontrolę dotyczącą działań inspekcji sprawujących nadzór nad wprowadzaniem do obrotu i stosowaniem środków ochrony roślin przez producentów płodów rolnych oraz nad bezpieczeństwem żywności pochodzenia roślinnego. Sprawdzono także efektywność współpracy pomiędzy inspekcjami.
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