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EN
The cultural connotation is the basic lingua-cultural concept. It links two semiotic systems – language and culture as the forms of consciousness. It is the means of storage and of the transmission of culture into the language. The cultural connotation serves as an indicator of the figuratively motivated nominative units in which cultural information is localized in the associative-shaped base and is regulated by the motivating role of inner form. The cultural connotation is not only a bridge between language and cultural signs/categories, but also a tool to study them (in particular, metaphors and phraseological units). The knowledge of cultural connotations as the operating system is the necessary in the process of interpreting linguistic signs as elements of the signs of culture, and in the process of formation of the linguistic and cultural competence. The skill of understanding the cultural information, coded in a connotative way, determines the proficiency in a foreign language.
PL
The aim of the paper is to present the results of translators’ individual choices in the process of conveying cultural-background elements to the target culture. The source material were taken from novel Where shall we go? by Boris Akunin and its translation into Polish. The possibility of transferring specific values such as cultural connotation is discussed in the context of potential readers’ reactions.
EN
Ivan Kotlyarevsky’s Eneyida is a poem rich in paremic elements. The poem was considered a breakthrough in Ukrainian literature, not only because it was written in lively Ukrainian language, but, thanks to the author’s fascination with the folk culture and artistic traditions of previous eras, it also constituted a link between old and new Ukrainian literature. The aim of this article is to investigate the types of translation strategies used by Piotr Kupryś in the translation of Eneyida, especially those concerning paremic elements that are heavily influenced by cultural connotations. The analysis shows that Kotlarewski introduced existing proverbs, and also introduced new ones by processing others. In the Polish translation, Kupryś was not only obliged to preserve the content of the proverbs, but also to reproduce the plasticity of the images on which they were built. The techniques most widely used in his translation include domestication, exotication and tracing. It seems that the translator did manage to extract the meaning of the proverbs; he did not, however, always preserve their expressive and stylistic value, which was the basic element of building the satirical effect of the poem.
RU
Цель статьи ‒ представить результаты индивидуального выбора переводчика в процессе передачи культурно обусловленных языковых элементов с русского языка на польский язык. Материал был почерпнут из рассказа Бориса Акунина «Куда ж нам плыть?» и перевода текста на польский язык «Dokąd płyniemy?». В процессе анализа был использован сопоставительно-описательный метод. В статье рассматриваются различные способы передачи единиц в ситуации, когда стилизация касается языка, на который делают перевод, особенно в такой специфической ситуации как «двойная» стилизация. В результате проведенного анализа можно оценить, в какой степени решения переводчика позволили передать культурные коннотации и сохранить в тексте перевода функции, выполняемые рассматриваемыми переводческими единицами в тексте оригинала.
EN
The aim of this paper is to present the results of translators’ individual choices in the process of transmitting Polish culture-specific elements from a Russian text to Polish culture. The source material was taken from the novel “Where shall we go?” by Boris Akunin and its translation into Polish. During the analysis, a comparative-descriptive method was used. The different ways of transferring units in a situation when stylisation concerns the language into which the translation is made, especially in such a specific situation as “double” stylisation are discussed. As a result of the analysis, it is possible to assess the extent to which the translator's decisions made it possible to convey cultural connotations and preserve in the translation text the functions performed by the considered translation units in the original text.
PL
Polskie motywy kulturowe w „Dokąd płyniemy?” Borysa Akunina i w przekładzie opowiadania na język polski Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie rezultatów indywidualnych wyborów tłumacza w procesie przekazu uwarunkowanych kulturowo elementów językowych z języka rosyjskiego do tekstu w języku polskim. Materiał ilustracyjny został zaczerpnięty z opowiadania Borysa Akunina „Куда ж нам плыть?” oraz tłumaczenia tekstu na język polski „Dokąd płyniemy?”. W procesie analizy została zastosowana metoda porównawczo-opisowa. W artykule zostały omówione różne sposoby przekazu jednostek w tak specyficznej sytuacji, jaką jest „podwójna” stylizacja. W rezultacie przeprowadzonej analizy można ocenić, w jakim stopniu decyzje tłumacza pozwoliły przekazać konotację kulturową i zachować w tekście przekładu funkcje pełnione przez analizowane jednostki przekładowe w tekście oryginału. Польские культурные мотивы в «Куда ж нам плыть?» Бориса Акунина и в переводе повести на польский язык Цель статьи ‒ представить результаты индивидуального выбора переводчика в процессе передачи культурно обусловленных языковых элементов с русского языка на польский язык. Материал был почерпнут из рассказа Бориса Акунина «Куда ж нам плыть?» и перевода текста на польский язык «Dokąd płyniemy?». В процессе анализа был использован сопоставительно-описательный метод. В статье рассматриваются различные способы передачи единиц в ситуации, когда стилизация касается языка, на который делают перевод, особенно в такой специфической ситуации как «двойная» стилизация. В результате проведенного анализа можно оценить, в какой степени решения переводчика позволили передать культурные коннотации и сохранить в тексте перевода функции, выполняемые рассматриваемыми переводческими единицами в тексте оригинала.
EN
The article deals with the issue of transferring intertextual cultural elements in the process of translation from Russian into Polish. The material for analysis is the fragments of the novel The Black City by Boris Akunin and its translation into Polish by Aleksandra Okuniewska-Stronka. The aim of this article is to present and evaluate the results of transferring cultural connotations and intertextual references from one culture to another. Cultural elements play a significant role in the process of the reception of the text and its translation both by the readers of the original text ‒ native language users – and by the recipients of the translated variant, belonging to a different culture. The comparison of source units and translated target units shows how different the associative circles arising in the process of text reception are. The analysis leads to the conclusion that taking into account the associative and intertextual potential of language units in translation is a very complex process. It requires a double cultural competence from the translator, and involves not only the interpretation of language signs in terms of their cultural code, but also the assessment of the interpretative abilities and capabilities of the recipients.
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