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Between Nature and Civilization(s): American Wilderness as a Eurocentric Cultural Construct in Tony Morrison’s "A Mercy"

100%

Vysotska N.

Tematy i Konteksty

2023

vol. 18

issue 13

378-396

The paper sets out to explore the ways the traditional Western opposition “nature vs. civilization” is reworked in Toni Morrison’s A Mercy. The first aspect addressed in the paper is the author’s recasting of the original Puritan myth of America as New Eden by demonstrating the historical impossibility of human-nature and human-human harmony on the “new” continent. This is achieved through presenting Jacob Vaark’s New England farm as a metaphor of Eden/enclosed garden transmogrifying from Utopian to Dystopian mode of functioning in the text, with apparent ecofeminist overtones.The second issue dealt with is “wilderness” as one of the basic concepts underlying American Puritan world picture. The paper argues that in the novel “wilderness” as an inherent characteristic of England’s transatlantic territorial expanses, including both their physical and human resources, loses its essentialism and is unmasked as a Eurocentric cultural construct. In addition, the novel extends the notion of “civilization” beyond its Eurocentric boundaries featuring two non-European civilizations – Native American and African – as suggesting alternative (and much more positive) models of “nature-civilization” relationship.

Ciało, duch i płeć w poezji Marii Komornickiej

75%

Lisowska K.

Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk

2011

issue 1

W referacie został podjęty temat trzech kluczowych dla twórczości Marii Komornickiej zagadnień: ciała, ducha i płci. Dwa pierwsze tematy ściśle się ze sobą łączą, dlatego początkowe akapity dotyczą ich obu. Na podstawie tych refleksji wysnuto wnioski dotyczące obrazu płci w twórczości autorki. Pojęcie to jest analizowane zarówno w kontekście młodopolskiego dyskursu płci, jak i – z perspektywy nowoczesnych metodologii: krytyki feministycznej oraz studiów genderowych i queerowych. Referat ma na celu zachęcenie odbiorcy reinterpretowania dorobku Komornickiej z punktu widzenia współczesnej świadomości.

This paper concerns three significant concepts in Maria Komornicka’s writings: body, spirit and gender. The first two are closely related to each other, thus initial paragraphs are devoted to them both. On the basis of these reflections, I draw some conclusion about the image of gender created by the poet. The notion of gender is analysed in terms of Young Poland discourse of gender and from the perspective of modern methodologies: feminist criticism as well as gender and queer studies. This paper aims at encouraging the reader to reinterpret M. Komornicka’s output with contemporary awareness.

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1 Ogrody Nauk i Sztuk

1 Tematy i Konteksty

1 Lisowska K.

1 Vysotska N.

1 2023

1 2011

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Between Nature and Civilization(s): American Wilderness as a Eurocentric Cultural Construct in Tony Morrison’s "A Mercy"

Ciało, duch i płeć w poezji Marii Komornickiej