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„Wszystko zaczyna się od słów […]”. Filip David i Mirko Kovač: listy o wojnie w byłej Jugosławii

100%
Maroszczuk G.
Narracje o Zagładzie
|
2020
|
issue 6
292-306
EN
In the essay the author analyses the problematics of genocide based on correspondence between Filip David and Mirko Kovač Kiedy kwitnie zło. Książka listów 1992–1995 (When evilflourishes. A book of letters 1992–1995) to later juxtapose it with studies on Shoah. She ponders the generational perspective of people whose lives were tarnished by the Nazi-Germany occupation (Filip David – born 1940, Mirko Kovač – born 1938). The article most of all aims at reconstructing the stances of the two authors of letters and showing genocide as a realm of incessant discussion, vague affects, unsystematized knowledge. The author undertakes an attempt to reconstruct only some of the topics and contexts accompanying the issues discussed in David’s and Kovač’s letters, particularly: the soul-searing descriptions of the Bosnian War of 1992–1995. She shows that the language facet of violence proves to be a challenge to reflecting on literature in the correspondence between the two intellectuals. When faced with the disintegration of hitherto social order in the former Yugoslavia, the nationalist discourse, as social studies and research on genocide suggest, prepares the ground for activation of violent behaviours, justifies them, and plays a key role in fomenting the genocidal repression. As a result of the said processes, the authorities create and reinforce nations’ cultural self-images, tighten the control over ethnic purity of collective identity,instigate conflicts between neighbours based on “the blood and soil myth,” cherry-pick the xenophobic discourse of the past, and force through with ethnical interpretations of culture.
2
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Krótkie rozmowy o zabijaniu, albo mówiona historia pogranicza

100%
Wylegała A.
Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej
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2022
|
vol. 12
8-29
EN
This text is about how residents of (formerly) multi-ethnic areas talk about the violence that led to the disappearance from their communities of neighbours of other ethnicities, the perpetrators of which were members of their own ethnic group. I analyse the interviews I conducted with my team in Eastern Galicia in 2017–2019, and I look at what their erstwhile Ukrainian neighbours say and how they discuss the murder of Poles and Jews during the Second World War. How willing are they to raise these issues at all? Can they be persuaded to do so? If they are willing to speak, do defensive strategies appear in their narratives?Do narratives of violence against Poles and Jews differ? 
PL
Niniejszy tekst dotyczy tego, w jaki sposób mieszkańcy (niegdyś) wieloetnicznych terenów mówią o przemocy, która doprowadziła do zniknięcia z ich otoczenia sąsiadów innej narodowości, a której sprawcami byli przedstawiciele ich własnej grupy etnicznej. Analizuję wywiady przeprowadzone przeze mnie i mój zespół w Galicji Wschodniej w latach 2017–2019 i przyglądam się temu, co i jak mówią o mordowaniu podczas II wojny światowej Polaków i Żydów ich niegdysiejsi ukraińscy sąsiedzi. Jak bardzo są w ogóle skłonni poruszać te kwestie? Czy da się ich do tego skłonić? Jeśli już mówią, czy w ich narracji pojawiają się strategie obronne? Czy narracje o przemocy wobec Polaków i Żydów się różnią? 
3
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Żandarm w służbie Selbstschutzu. Otto Oberländer i zbrodnia niemiecka w Sadkach koło Nakła nad Notecią w 1939 r.

80%
Ceran T.
Dzieje Najnowsze
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2018
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vol. 50
|
issue 1
PL
W 1939 r. do okupowanej Polski wysłano ok. 750 niemieckich żandarmów. Część z nich wzięła udział w eksterminacji polskiej ludności cywilnej. Jednym z nich był Otto Oberländer, żandarm z Sadek, który przyczynił się do śmierci 86 Polaków. Do tej pory w historiografii dotyczącej niemieckiego aparatu represji brakuje opisu ich działalności w okupowanej Polsce. In 1939 ca. 750 German military policemen or gendarmes were sent to occupied Poland. Some of them took part in the extermination of Polish civilians. One of those was Otto Oberländer, a military policeman from the village of Sadki, who contributed to the killing of 86 Poles. There has been no study so far in the Polish historiography on the German apparatus of repression in Poland that describes their operations in the occupied Polish country.
4
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Prawne i kryminologiczne aspekty zbrodni ludobójstwa serbskiej ludności na Bałkanach w XX wieku – wybrane zagadnienia

80%
Ickiewicz-Sawicka M.
ELPIS
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2013
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vol. 15
173-180
EN
The text under the title Crime of Genocide Serbian population in the Balkans in the twentieth century, consists of three parts. The first one describes the theoretical concepts idea Genocide, the other contains reflections on war crimes, crimes against humanity, etc. - also on the basis of theoretical concepts. The third part of the article was presented to the Croatian concentration camp was set up to exterminate the Serbian civilian population into the territory of the Independent State of Croatia. Text close to the conclusions, which are all considerations the conclusion contained in the article.
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