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EN
On of the results of demographic changes is, on the one hand – an increasing number of seniors needing care and, on the other hand – a decreasing number of their potential informal carers. Poland, in the matter of senior care, is still a conservative country, where a family is the main institution of care, and where it is also a cultural norm and a moral duty to care about senior family members. However, a family carer may not manage to deal with the number of roles he or she should perform, especially when they are and wish to remain professionally active. The current article is a review of the issue of family care. Firstly, it shows the problems faced by informal carers when undertaking the new role. Secondly, it shows that not self-sufficient seniors in the so-called phase old-old age do not need to stay at home and therefore be socially excluded. They can also remain active.
EN
Preparing and going through young children adaptation process to day care centers, (to crèches or toddler clubs), is an extremely important task for parents and nursery workers. Adaptation of children under three to group care is a rarely described issue in scientific research. The purpose of the article is to show the young children adaptation process to institutional forms of care on the example of Lublin nurseries. The article concerns both the optimizing adaptation procedures used in Lublin nurseries, and new children’s specific behavior and emotions, used to cope with stress connected with adaptation. The article was created in cooperation with the Municipal Nursery Group in Lublin, the “Happy Toddlers” Nursery Group in Lublin and the Krasnal Kindergarten in Turka near Lublin. Nursery staff and newly arrived children took part in the research conductedin those institutions. The total number of examined children was 120, those were children from 7 months to 2.5 years old.
PL
Przygotowanie i przejście przez proces adaptacji najmłodszych dzieci do instytucji zbiorowej opieki, tj. do żłobków lub klubów malucha, jest niezwykle ważnym zadaniem dla rodziców i opiekunów dzieci, które powierzane są opiece żłobkowej. Adaptacja dzieci poniżej trzeciego roku życia do warunków opieki grupowej jest rzadko podejmowanym zagadnieniem w badaniach naukowych. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie procesu adaptacji małych dzieci do instytucjonalnych form opieki na przykładzie żłobków lubelskich. Artykuł opisuje zarówno procedury stosowane w żłobkach lubelskich optymalizujące proces adaptacji w placówkach, jak i zachowania i emocje dzieci towarzyszące radzeniu sobie ze stresem związanym z adaptacją. Artykuł powstał przy współpracy z Miejskim Zespołem Żłobków w Lublinie, Zespołem Żłobków „Szczęśliwych Maluch” w Lublinie oraz Przedszkolem Krasnal w Turce koło Lublina. W wyżej wymienionych instytucjach przeprowadzono badania z udziałem personelu i nowo przybyłych do placówek dzieci. Łącznie przebadano 120 dzieci w wieku od 7 miesięcy do 2,5 lat.
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