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On the Potential to ApplyDe MinimisExemption for Agreements Containing Hardcore Restraints: European Union Practice

100%
Puksas A.
Baltic Journal of Law & Politics
|
2012
|
vol. 5
|
issue 1
46-69
EN
The article analyzes the possibility to apply de minimis exemption for agreements containing hardcore restraints. The statements are derived from analyses of scientific literature, relevant legislation, and the practice of courts and authorities responsible for competition maintenance.Current European Union legislation excludes agreements containing hardcore restraints from applying de minimis exemption. The early practice of the European Court of Justice (hereinafter - ECJ) and the newest national courts' (e.g. Spain) decisions do not reflect this position. Furthermore, in 2010 the Netherlands broadened the application of de minimis exemption.The article approaches a wide range of possibilities rather than the dogmatic practice of de minimis exemption. Besides the analysis of relevant jurisprudence, the article also assesses competition law specialists' opinions and possible solutions that proceed from the current situation.
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Ograniczenia w sprzedaży przez Internet w umowach dystrybucyjnych

44%
Bolecki A.
internetowy Kwartalnik Antymonopolowy i Regulacyjny
|
2013
|
vol. 2
|
issue 3
23-44
PL
Celem artykułu jest omówienie: a) kiedy – z punktu widzenia prawa ochrony konkurencji – wertykalne ograniczenia w sprzedaży przez Internet są dopuszczalne, a kiedy zakazane; oraz b) uporządkowanie pojęć i umieszczenie przedmiotowych ograniczeń wertykalnych w systemie prawa ochrony konkurencji (w szczególności w kontekście metodologii ich analizy).
EN
Article (a) discusses when - from the perspective of competition law – vertical on-line sale restrictions are permissible and when prohibited as well as (b) clarifies terminology and places these vertical restrictions within the overall competition law system (particularly in the context of the methodology of their analysis).
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