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The role of rewards and demands in burnout among surgical nurses

100%
Basińska B. A., Wilczek-Rużyczka E.
International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
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2013
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vol. 26
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issue 4
593-604
EN
Objective: Job rewards have both, an intrinsic and an extrinsic motivational potential, and lead to employees' development as well as help them to achieve work goals. Rewards can balance job demands and protect from burnout. Due to changes on the labour market, new studies are needed. The aim of our study was to examine the role of demands and individual rewards (and their absence) in burnout among surgical nurses. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in 2009 and 2010 with 263 nurses who worked in surgical wards and clinics in hospitals in Southern Poland. The hypotheses were tested by the use of measures of demands and rewards (Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire by Siegrist) and burnout syndrome (Maslach Burnout Inventory). A cross-sectional, correlational study design was applied. Results: Nurses experienced the largest deficiencies in salary and prestige. Exhaustion was explained by stronger demands and lack of respect (large effect). Depersonalization was explained by stronger demands, lack of respect and greater job security (medium effect). Reduced personal achievement was explained by more demands and greater job security (small effect). Conclusions: Excessive demands and lack of esteem are key reasons for burnout among surgical nurses. Job security can increase burnout when too many resources are invested and career opportunities do not appear. These results may help to improve human resource management in the healthcare sector.
2
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Образовательные потребности взрослого человека в условиях современной цивилизации

86%
ЛУКЬЯНОВА Л.
Edukacja Ustawiczna Dorosłych
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2017
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issue 1
103-112
EN
Social and economic transformations which are taking place in the Ukrainian society, the development of market relations, fast scientific and technical progress require the implementation of the model of the continuous knowledge upgrading that is necessary for the successful professional and personal development. The problem of educational needs is of an interdisciplinary field which is defined by the complex of social and humanitarian sciences. The determining place among these sciences belongs to philosophy of education, sociology and pedagogy. The author is of the opinion that the investigation of educational needs of Ukrainian citizens will allow to characterize the educational situation in the country, to substantiate the mechanisms of regulating separate subsystems of modern adult education and to identify some problems which hinder the development of this educational branch. There have been considered the questions of meeting the educational needs of the population as well as the peculiarities of forming the educational needs. In addition, the author’s understanding of the term “educational needs” and their characteristic features have been offered in the paper. The article represents the results of investigating educational needs in one of Ukraine’s regions, the purpose of which was to identify the requirement level of educational needs, to assess the quality of the provided educational services, to distinguish the motives of their use and the perspectives of their dissemination in the region.
3
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Lyotard a tvář bez Levinase

86%
Sebbah F.-D.
Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)
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2014
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vol. 62
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issue 2, Special No: Za hranicemi tváře. Levinas a socialita
137-146
EN
This article pauses and reflects on why Lyotard (who was an avid reader of Levinas) discusses the face in a purely Merleau-Pontyesque context. Thus, in the matter of the face, Lyotard has decisively misappropriated Levinas’s thought. However, I would like to show that the obvious disagreement between Levinas and Lyotard in the issue of the face is, in fact, the result of Lyotard’s deep dedication to Levinas. We attempt to report about Lyotard’s silence on Levinas when he deals with the face; we also try to explain that point of affinity where both authors tell us of the reorganization of rela-tionships between singularity and anonymity by having the heretofore accepted oppo-sites disintegrate. Keeping in mind this weaving of the faithfulness and unfaithfulness of Lyotard to Levinas, we should ask ourselves one more question: is it truly necessary to choose between the shock of the ethical demand and the shock of the senses when dealing with the face? Is it necessary to choose between the “ethical face” that de-mands (Levinas), and the “face-landscape” as a libidinal kidnapping or instinct (Lyo-tard)?
4
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Gramatyka żądania. Uwagi na temat struktury wyrażeń zawierających żądania

72%
Sikora J.
Lingwistyka Stosowana / Applied Linguistics / Angewandte Linguistik
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2015
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issue 15
75-81
EN
The theme of the article is a description of possibilities of articulating a directive speech act. The author makes the form of expressing a DEMAND conditional on non-linguistic relationships between participants of a communication act. Based on the degree of interlocutors’ interdependence the form of a DEMAND may be the one of superiority, subordination or symmetry. The article describes various forms of verbalizing DEMANDS depending on relationships between a speaker and a listener as well as the ability of interpreting the directive speech act by the speaker and the listener.
5
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Ciało - władza - przemoc w ukraińskiej fotografii i powieści. Serhij Bratków i Sofia Andruchowycz

72%
Olechowska P., Zambrzycka M.
Przegląd Wschodnioeuropejski
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2016
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vol. 2
155-167
EN
The article refers to the idea of the body in Ukrainian contemporary art and literature. The author discusses a series of photographs of Serhij Braktow entitled Kids, as well as Sofia Andruchowycz’s novel, Siomga. Both Bratkov and Andruchowycz analyze the cultural processes of the training and adapting of a child’s and a woman’s body to the social norms. An important aspect is self-discipline, forcing the individual, oftenunconsciously, toadapt themselves to society’s demands and expectations.
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