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EN
One of the most controversial theses of Jacques Lacan is the conviction of a specific relationship linking ethics and desire. The aim of this article is to present what this new relationship consists in, and later, in the summary to outline weaknesses of this concept, i.e. that it fails to take into account the existence of the sovereign good as a cognizable category. According to my thesis, the ethics of the Supreme Good, to use Lacan’s terms, or simply the traditional ethics of the good, cause a human subject to stay voluntarily (perhaps carelessly) in the dimension of the Imaginary. This ethical postulate will be treated by me as happening not so much in the situation of a psychoanalysis session but as a general indication as to how people should behave.
EN
This article is an edited version of the response paper offered at the conclusion of the symposium, Modern Sensibilities. It ties together themes from the symposium papers, as well as ideas prompted by Mieke Bal’s exhibition, Emma & Edvard: Love in the Time of Loneliness, and her accompanying book, Emma and Edvard Looking Sideways: Loneliness and the Cinematic. It focuses on the anachronistic entanglements among Flaubert’s “Emma,” Munch’s motifs, Mieke Bal and Michelle Williams Gamaker’s Madame B, the Munch Museum’s architecture and exhibition scenography, and the exhibition viewer.
EN
This article is an edited version of the response paper offered at the conclusion of the symposium, Modern Sensibilities. It ties together themes from the symposium papers, as well as ideas prompted by Mieke Bal’s exhibition, Emma & Edvard: Love in the Time of Loneliness, and her accompanying book, Emma and Edvard Looking Sideways: Loneliness and the Cinematic. It focuses on the anachronistic entanglements among Flaubert’s “Emma,” Munch’s motifs, Mieke Bal and Michelle Williams Gamaker’s Madame B, the Munch Museum’s architecture and exhibition scenography, and the exhibition viewer.
4
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Le désir

100%
EN
The present essay represents an attempt at a new philosophical reflexion on the phenomenon of desire. Drawing on the phenomenological background, namely, on Husserl’s idea of intentionality and the universal a priori of correlation, but also on Merleau-Ponty, Levinas and others, the author proposes to define the perceiving subject in its relationship to worldly reality precisely as desire and lack, thus highlighting what he calls an ontological dimension of desire.
EN
Since the 1980s sexual diversity has become an object of interest for both sexology and gender studies. There is general agreement that we are witnessing disintegration of traditional sexual practice combined with enhanced pluralism of sex life. The question that remains challenging is whether – or to what extent – it is possible to diversify forms of sexual activity in a society with predominantly heteronormative attitudes. The object of analysis is Salamander – a novel by Jürgen Lodemann from 2011. The author, acting as an advocate of non-normative sexuality, tells a story of Alexa Undine Brandes – an intersexual protagonist entangled in a love triangle. With her anatomically unique body, she is capable of fluent transitions in her erotic activity. The author reflects upon fluid, non-normative sexuality seen as a duality that brings sexual fulfilment and satisfaction. At the same time, however, it can also be classified as destructive passion which – posing a challenge to heteronormative social conventions – may have tragic circumstances, as described by the author.
DE
Der Band enthält die Abstracts ausschließlich in englischer Sprache.
EN
The sibling incest is an aspect that does not fit into the realistic (conscious), nature-related, or unreal (magical) action levels of this literary fairy tale. The reason for this unnatural sexuality may lie in the abnormally stunted forms of the desires and guilt exhibited by Bertha and Eckbert: unconscious versus purposeful striving and ethical ersus moral culpability. This article argues that only during their unnatural deaths in the respectively “wrong” realms does each partner gain the missing attributes so that their natural and normal existence is paradoxically – and romantically! – restored.
FR
Le numéro contient uniquement les résumés en anglais.
RU
Том содержит аннотаций на английском языке.
EN
In this text Luce Irigaray enquires into questions pertaining to knowledge production, contemporarily derivative upon capitalist system of production and the ideology promoting sexual/gender neutrality, along with corporeal/bodily, class-related, and cultural non-differentiation. According to the female philosopher, the said system contributes to exploitation of not only human work, but most of all energy that fuels our ability to bond and be together. Therefore, going back to the most fundamental structure of human subjectivity determined by the sexuate difference, may prove to be not only a strategic resistance device meted out against capitalist organisation of work, but also a path leading to another world, where a coexistence acknowledging mutual/reciprocal difference may appear possible.
EN
One of the distinguishing characteristics of Marguerite Duras’ works is her focus on contradictions, especially in the realm of physicality, which is part of the “dialectic of desire”, a nonverbal pleasure. In the analysed novels: The Sea Wall and The Lover this passion manifests itself through the “rite of passage”. It is a double discovery of one’s own and someone else’s physicality. Duras perceives love as an un-controllable, violent “experiment”, a rebellion against one’s mother and restrictions.Narrating one of the most important (and secret) episodes of her life – crossing the Mekong – the author depicts the sexual initiation of a young heroine (Duras’ alter ego), who seduces a mature man with her behaviour and dress. This experience al-lows her to experience the absolute and become initiated and free. For the narrator it is an opportunity for in-depth analysis of the secular and the sacred aspects of desire. To fully understand the sacred and the profane in Duras’ works, it seems necessary to approach the phenomenon from an interdisciplinary perspective.
EN
The fact that the object of desiderium for Bonaventure is located in the very life of the Blessed Trinity results in its peculiar and original understanding. The object of desire determines its internal structure and, therefore, influences its very nature. In the writings of the Doctor Seraphicus we can numbered at least three essential features of human desiderium Dei, which desire obteins from its object: the Seraphicus understands the desire as (1) a kind of love, as (2) a gift, and finally as (3) important feature of human nature as such.
EN
From the point of view of conflict theory, I argue for the following pessimistic conclusion: a silent conflict of interests exists between the entrepreneur and the customer, as the former must advertise and promote his/her innovations and merchandise. It looks innocent enough, but by doing so, the entrepreneur interferes with the needs and desires of the customer, and especially with the latter’s conditional needs even when the customer does not appreciate it, or when the entrepreneur does it against the customer’s will. From the customer’s point of view, it is disturbing and negatively affects his/her happiness level. What are, therefore, the responsibilities of the entrepreneur? I provide a detailed analysis of the concept of need and desire, and explain how desires develop on the basis of the desirability of objects of desire. It shall allow us to see how desires can be manipulated and, perhaps, how such manipulation can be avoided.
EN
In this essay, I trace different motives in Alicja Kuczyńska’s thought that are linked together in her philosophy of image. According to Kuczyńska, the creative power of forming artistic images is deeply rooted in existential experience that can be described in terms of finitude, fragmentality, evanescence. The desire to find a way out of such a state is the origin of philosophical as well as artistic creation. It is hope which joins together the individual wish or desire and culture. Hope can be treated as yearning for indeterminacy that is characteristic of existence, as longing for the state of lost totality.
EN
The text presents the theory of the unconscious that can be found in the worksof the philosophico-psychoanalytical pair of French thinkers: Gilles Deleuzeand Felix Guattari. Their theory was conceived in opposition to the classicalfreudian psychoanalysis as well as a certain interpretation of lacanism. It consistsof three main parts: the analysis of desire as the “content” of the unconscious; de-siring machines that form its “infrastructure”; and the authors’ proposal on how to“read” the unconscious. The authors ofAnti-Oedipusoppose to a theory of desirethat links it with lack, the signifier and Law, to describe it as positive, productive,real and non-signifying. They describe the unconscious as multiplicity of moleculardesiring machines that always function in the social realm. Deleuze and Guattaripropose a manner of “reading” the unconscious that opposes both the Freudianmethod of deciphering it as well as the “structuralist” psychoanalysis’ method ofsearching for the Signifier, and instead focuses on examining the work of desiringmachines.
Ethics in Progress
|
2017
|
vol. 8
|
issue 1
174-196
EN
Many conceptual analyses of the structure and mode of operation of the contemporary society outline a worrying and discouraging framework. They describe the decadence of values and they depict a world populated with individuals who are narcissistically self-oriented, looking for the satisfaction of their own desires, unable to desire, build and keep stable, continual and deep relations and affects. Nevertheless, recent psychological research, supported by the evidence of neuroscientific research, has evidenced that the origins of the psychic development of the individual are connected to the domain of the relational experience. New-borns become persons in and thanks to the context of relations where they live and grown up. Thus, relations are an essential feature and a fundamental and peculiar experience for the human being. This is evident if we try to analyse aspects and dimensions, such as attachment, trust, desire and care. Attachment allows not only the survival but also the internalization of relational patterns which are necessary for life. The trust experience in the primal relations allows the vital energy to be addressed towards the world and to build ties thanks to the experience of faith in the other. Experimenting satisfaction and frustration, possibility and limits in the interpersonal relations fosters the development of desire and of the capability of wait, renounce, choice, care, as well as the necessity/opportunity of recognizing/knowing the other. Feeling himself or herself understood by a caring other prepares the ground for the experience of personal safety and thanks to some special pedagogical reinforcements, it opens to the possibility of taking care of someone else, in a structure of mutual exchanges and material, affective and spiritual support which is necessary for any human being. Significant socio-cultural changes occurred in the last decades have influenced those fundamental experiences and contributed to produce new relational styles and models which are characterised by precariousness and discontinuity. It is thus of primary importance to promote and sustain a reflection and education on these themes with the aim of fostering our needs and relations, whose expression is essential for the wellness and selfrealization of individuals and communities. And this is not only in order to achieve a harmonic development of growing-up subjects but even for adults who want to fully accomplish their life and the related needs of sharing, intimacy and generativity. These results have to be achieved by taking into consideration the peculiarity of modern life and by searching for creative solutions thanks to which, at least partially, we can try to combine the new claims with the essential experience of “being” in a relation.
14
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Don Juan und kalte Liebe

88%
EN
The present article is an attempt to use the metaphorical category of temperature in the interpretation of literary creations of love in two different cultural contexts: against the background of the emotional culture of the inter-war period as well as of the present time. The analysis focusses on two literary texts: Don Juan kommt aus dem Krieg (1936) by Ödön von Horváth as well as Don Juan de la Mancha (2007) by Robert Menasse, which encourage to reflect on remarkable transformations of the culture of love and the positioning of both men and women within the new emotional styles.
EN
The essay is devoted to the novels of the German writer Stephen Thome. The writer’s narrative attention is focused on the puzzlement regarding intimate relations between males and females, aiming at captur-ing to what extent love, “a warming and intoxicating drug in the social coldness” (Volkmar Sigusch) is capable of making life meaningful. In the very centre of the analysis stands on the one hand the ‘in-each other-reflection’ of the male and female positions, on the other hand the palpable ambivalence between the inner freezing of the figures and their desire for gentle intimacy. The attempt has been made in order to open the arranged forms of the fulfillment of the desire – i.e. love and sexuality – to the possibility of depicting the phenomenon which is – according to Sigusch – significant for the late-modern era: more important than the sexual act for the partners is a steady relationship in which they feel accepted and preserved.
EN
“Nostalgia,” writes Svetlana Boym, often emerges in times of “historical upheavals” or when the “rhythms of life” are suddenly “accelerated.” One can well understand that such nostalgic outbreaks are the results of the experience change. One such moment was that of the Partition of India in 1947. This paper focuses on this moment as it is depicted in Qurratulain Hyder’s novel, My Temples, Too. Hyder’s novel, that centers around the experience of Partition, is haunted by a palpable sense of loss, of rupture, and an acute longing for the places and spaces of the past that its characters witness as eroding. Following scholars like Boym, Linda Hutcheon, De Brigard, Gaston Bachelard, Edward Casey, and others, this paper first prepare the ground of its argument by showing how memory and nostalgia are often deeply rooted in everyday things, objects, and places of habitation, investing them with a sense of belonging. Thereafter, it situates Hyder’s novel in its immediate context and explores its poetics of loss, longing, and nostalgia.
EN
This article is an attempt to frontally pose a question queer theory gravitates around, yet never effectively spells out: what is a togetherness of those who have nothing in common but their desire to undo group ties? First, I consider the take-up of Lacan’s ethical experiment in Seminar VII, the Ethics of Psychoanalysis by queer theorists. I contend that queer theory has not given Lacan’s interpretation of Antigone its full import, which demands its placement in the philosophical tradition of the West brought to its highest fruition in Kant. I further contend, however, that to do so does not quite offer a solution to the queer problem, for, as contemporary debate on the political import of Antigone shows, the purity of her desire does not immediately translate into a sustainable politics. Lacan himself was faced with the problem of translating his ethics into a politics after his “excommunication” from the psychoanalytic establishment, and came to falter before it. Nevertheless, Lacan’s efforts allow us to pose the undoubtedly queer question of how to group together those whose only attribute is to undo group ties. Responding to the unanswerable demands of a theory and a practice that allows us to answer that question, I propose the figure of the smoker’s communism, as elaborated upon by Mladen Dolar, as a preliminary queer suggestion as to how we might go about mitigating the gap between Lacan’s ethical brilliance and his admitted political failure.
EN
Indian women’s writing from the mid-twentieth century that doesn’t fit the dominant tropes of resistance in postcolonial and feminist literary critiques have largely been untranslated and undiscussed. Especially neglected are narratives of native queerness, stories of transgressive desire and sexual alterity. In this essay, I explore Yamini’s complex desire in Chudamani Raghavan’s eponymous novella and its potential to complicate feminist and postcolonial discourses on women’s sexuality. Drawing on aspects of queer theory and poststructuralist notions of subjectivity, I examine how Yamini’s asexuality challenges and destabilizes cisheterosexist gender hierarchies and colonization. By examining language and silence in Yamini through the devices of Indian literary criticism and intertextuality, I locate Yamini’s queerness within the subcontinent’s long history of multivocal desire. I build on the precolonial notion that desire is not necessarily located in the body, and suggest that the transgressive desires of Yamini’s mind, the desire of ideas, is also a manifestation of queerness – capable of subverting hegemonic discourses of sexual and psychic normativity.
EN
The article presents B. Leśmian as a poet involved in his self-imposed task of promoting a return to primeval nature, but, at the same time, somebody who is fully aware of the utopian character of thus formulated and adopted assumptions. The two contradictory approaches converge in a poetic figure of desire. This particular urge is treated as a model of the imagination of the poet, who creates his poetical world knowing that the ultimate aim is unattainable but constitutes the ideal of poetry and can only be a state of cognitive assurance and self-knowledge or, alternatively, a situation of ontological stability and fulfilment. However, to reach this utmost goal, either on the poetical plane or on the existentialist, epistemological and ontological plane, to fulfill the cherished desires, is not possible within the poetical world created by Leśmian. The raison d’etre of the self manifested by the protagonists of his poems as well as a justification of this poetry is the very striving towards the goal. The article shows the relevant dimensions of that desire as a metapoetical figure, anthropological and existentialist figures and epistemological and ontological figures. It further presents the opposition and the inner conflict within the modern views of the poet, who, consciously inscribes into his project its impracticability. The distance towards the current times and towards the idealistic assumptions of his own poetical programme constitutes the intrinsic originality of Leśmian’s poems.
EN
The eighteenth‑century English writer Matthew Gregory Lewis wrote one of the most dramatic Gothic novels, The Monk; over 200 years later, a film of the same name appeared, based on the novel and directed by Dominik Moll. The film, a free adaptation of the book, presenting the story of the moral downfall of the monk Ambrosio, has inspired us to philosophical reflections on sexuality, carnality and physical desire. In the context of these issues we have attempted to analyse and interpret this cinematic work of art. The method we have adopted is based on a thorough discussion on the topics developed in the film and related issues. This method, while not pretending to scientific objectivity, enables us to outline an interesting field of research as well as to identify a number of theoretical problems and questions which remain open. The formula we have adopted is to quote lines from the film The Monk which permit the analysis of selected issues related to sexuality, carnality and physical desire. Moreover, these quotes serve to order the text and enable the precise identification of interpretive trains of thought.
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