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The first edition of one of the most important and mysterious novels of the 20th century appeared more than fifty years ago. Despite the passage of time The Master and Margarita still enjoys popularity; it also intrigues and inspires. Until now five Polish translations of Bulgakov’s novel have appeared. It is known that the interpretation of the original might be expressed in the form of many potential texts that are communicatively equivalent. There is no doubt that it is the translator who plays a vital role in any translation; her/his personality, life experience, knowledge, skills, and also the times s/he lives in regulate the target text. That is why, no matter how many times a text is translated, the final product will always be different. Taking this into consideration, the author will compare the three Polish translations of Bulgakov’s Master and Margarita, paying attention to the diachronic perspective as far as linguistic norms are concerned, the modernity of language, and the way the anthroponyms are expressed.
EN
The article deals with commonly used (in typical communicative situations) conventionalized linguistic forms containing in their lexical structure elements, referring to widely understood Christian traditions. The research material includes conversational formulas in Polish extracted from the Polish-German phrasebooks. The study has a diachronic character. On the basis of the analyses carried out, it is possible to trace changes in the area of language use in the abovementioned scope, which have taken place from the 16th century to the present day.
EN
The Starting Point for the Research on the Russian Subdialect of the Old Believers in PolandThe main aim of this article is to discuss the findings of a monograph published half a century ago in the context of the evolution of the Russian subdialect of the Old Believers in Poland since then. In their diachronic studies, contemporary researchers need to find a starting point for comparison – in the present study it is the first and so far the only comprehensive monographic description of the language of the Old Believers living in Poland: Rosyjska gwara starowierców w województwach olsztyńskim i białostockim (1968) [The Russian Subdialect of the Old Believers in the Olsztyn and the Białystok Provinces]. This article compares characteristic features of the dialect in question in the 1960s and today on the basis of the latest scholarly works and language materials. It also considers the value of the study published fifty years ago. Punkt wyjścia do badań rosyjskiej gwary staroobrzędowców w PolsceGłównym celem artykułu jest zweryfikowanie aktualności klasycznej monografii na tle ewolucji dialektu rosyjskich staroobrzędowców w Polsce. Współcześni naukowcy w swoich badaniach diachronicznych muszą znaleźć punkt wyjścia do porównań – w niniejszej analizie jest nim pierwszy i jak dotąd jedyny kompleksowy opis języka staroobrzędowców w Polsce, zawarty w monografii Rosyjska gwara starowierców w województwach olsztyńskim i białostockim (1968). Artykuł porównuje charakterystyczne cechy omawianego dialektu w latach 60. XX wieku i jego dzisiejszy stan na podstawie najnowszych opracowań i materiałów językowych. W tekście dyskutowana jest również aktualność powstałego przed pół wieku dzieła.
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