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EN
Language corpora annotation schemes cover various layers of sentence description nowadays – from morphology to semantics. Annotation projects concerning phenomena beyond the sentence boundaries, however, started to attract the attention of corpus linguists only recently. In the present contribution, we describe a unified approach to analysis of discourse phenomena, aimed and developed for a large-scale annotation of Czech empirical data of the Prague Dependency Treebank. This approach is based on two fundamental pillars: (i) it exploits the results of one of the first complex schemes for discourse annotation proposed and realized in the Penn Discourse Treebank for English; (ii) it follows the Praguian Functional Generative Description and treebanking tradition, taking advantage of the tectogrammatical (underlying) layer of sentence analysis and extending it to a full discourse-level description. Our analysis concentrates on two major aspects of discourse coherence: (i) on discourse relations (semantic relations between discourse segments) and discourse connectives as their lexical anchors; and (ii) on coreference and the so-called bridging anaphora. We present a detailed description of the annotation scheme and procedure, address individual problematic issues and offer basic corpus statistics and annotation evaluation.
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Primární a sekundární diskurzní konektory

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EN
In the paper, we study discourse connectives and other discourse phenomena in Czech based on corpus data. We focus on the delimitation of connectives primarily from the functional point of view and we present their further classification into primary and secondary connectives based especially on their degree of grammaticalization. Special attention is paid to the variability of secondary connectives occurring in several lexical realizations and grammatical variants. We also present the frequency of the individual connectives in written texts and we analyze their syntactic behavior. We then discuss the relation of connectives to reference (a special group consists of the anaphoric and cataphoric connectives), connectives occurring next to each other in the text, and the possibilities of modification of connectives. Our analysis is based especially on the language data of the Prague Discourse Treebank 2.0. The aim of the paper is to present a detailed study of discourse connectives in written Czech and to present connectives as an open class covering both grammaticalized expressions and looser lexical phrases.
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EN
The present contribution is a theoretical and methodological study of the possibilities of processing discourse through the use of corpus methods. Despite the description complexity of phenomena “beyond the sentence boundary”, we argue that even more ways of systematic analysis are possible. Taking into account various attempts during the last decade to create discourse-annotated corpora, a reliable way to proceed in any such analysis is shown to be to distinguish between different layers of discourse analysis (in particular between “semantic” and “pragmatic” aspects) and to stick with the linguistic form as opposed to classifying phenomena with no surface realization.
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