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Václav Havel: niepolityczny polityk

100%

Bankowicz M.

Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

2014

issue 6

The article presents the political and intellectual silhouette of Václav Havel (1936–2011) – the last president of Czechoslovakia and the first one of the Czech Republic. Havel, the next to the Pole Lech Wałęsa, is the world renown symbol of the political turning point of 1989 that ended the world communist system. Before 1989, during the communist age, Havel was a dramatist, essayist and leader of Czechoslovak anticommunist and democratic dissident movement. He was strongly persecuted by the ruling communists, and while living under a permanent supervision of the security services and he was many times arrested. In 1989 Havel became a president of democratic Czechoslovakia and after dissolving of this state, in 1993, he was elected as a the first president of the new Czech Republic, holding the office by 10 following years. Havel was very untypical politician and president. He has played rather the role of an intellectual for whom politics is a matter of changing reality not by political decisions, but as a result of impact the on world by ideas and views. To follow Thomas Garrigue Masaryk example, the founder and first head of Czechoslovak state, clearlyadmired by Havel, he has tried to conduct of non-political politics. In this model politics becomes a practical applying of ethics and most important within it is not a power or state procedures and mechanisms, but men’s good and faithfulness to the truth. Václav Havel went down in the history as one of the greatest political figures of the second half of the last century.

The article presents the political and intellectual silhouette of Václav Havel (1936–2011) – the last president of Czechoslovakia and the first one of the Czech Republic. Havel, the next to the Pole Lech Wałęsa, is the world renown symbol of the political turning point of 1989 that ended the world communist system. Before 1989, during the communist age, Havel was a dramatist, essayist and leader of Czechoslovak anticommunist and democratic dissident movement. He was strongly persecuted by the ruling communists, and while living under a permanent supervision of the security services and he was many times arrested. In 1989 Havel became a president of democratic Czechoslovakia and after dissolving of this state, in 1993, he was elected as a the first president of the new Czech Republic, holding the office by 10 following years. Havel was very untypical politician and president. He has played rather the role of an intellectual for whom politics is a matter of changing reality not by political decisions, but as a result of impact the on world by ideas and views. To follow Thomas Garrigue Masaryk example, the founder and first head of Czechoslovak state, clearly admired by Havel, he has tried to conduct of non-political politics. In this model politics becomes a practical applying of ethics and most important within it is not a power or state procedures and mechanisms, but men’s good and faithfulness to the truth. Václav Havel went down in the history as one of the greatest political figures of the second half of the last century.

Marija Hel, „Jak się już za to wzięliśmy, to trzeba walczyć do końca”. Historia oporu ukraińskiej dysydentki w ZSRR

93%

Doboszewska A.

Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej

2022

vol. 12

250-277

The story of Mariya Hel, one of the Ukrainian dissidents active in the USSR since the 1960s till 1980s, reveals the life path of a person who opposed the totalitarian system despite the costs incurred, both in her personal and professional life. The narrator consciously took on the challenges that arose. There are many threads in her life story: post-war resettlement, collectivization in Western Ukraine, the restoration of the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church; above all, however, the daily activities of the dissident community in Soviet Ukraine stand out.

Opowieść Mariji Hel, jednej z ukraińskich dysydentek działających w ZSRR od lat 60. do 80. XX w., ukazuje drogę życiową osoby, która pomimo ponoszonych kosztów, zarówno w życiu osobistym, jak i zawodowym, sprzeciwiała się systemowi totalitarnemu. Narratorka świadomie stawiała czoła pojawiającym się wyzwaniom. W jej historii życia jest wiele wątków: powojenne przesiedlenia, kolektywizacja w Zachodniej Ukrainie, odnowienie Ukraińskiej Cerkwi Greckokatolickiej; ponad wszystko jednak wybija się codzienna działalność środowiska dysydenckiego w radzieckiej Ukrainie.

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1 Poznańskie Studia Slawistyczne

1 Wrocławski Rocznik Historii Mówionej

1 Bankowicz M.

1 Doboszewska A.

1 2022

1 2014

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Václav Havel: niepolityczny polityk

Marija Hel, „Jak się już za to wzięliśmy, to trzeba walczyć do końca”. Historia oporu ukraińskiej dysydentki w ZSRR