Search results

1

L’archéologie préventive en France. Forces et faiblesses

100%

Orengo L.

Raport

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2018

|

vol. 13

183-195

EN

In France, is archaeology really preventive in the sense that it is be based on a really effective predictive system (archaeology a priori) to find sustainable solutions for heritage protection? Or is preventive archaeology simply a reformulation of the rescue digging, a posteriori, and can only exist in the shadow of the dynamics of land use planning? Is there only one preventive archaeology, or are there several? On one hand, that of the major construction projects of the territorial development and, on the other, that related to the construction of small suburban single-family houses and projects of school canteens. It will thus be a question of presenting legal, financial, organizational and institutional mechanics of French archaeology. It will also be necessary to examine the consequences of the French doctrine in different fields: methodological and scientific, but also economic, political, social, identity, ecological, human and, more particularly, its influence on its key actors: the archaeologists themselves.

2

"Baśnie starych kobiet" w 1 Tm 4,7. Wokół interpretacji przymiotnika graodes

100%

Torbus S.

Theologica Wratislaviensia

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2015

|

vol. 10. Widoki na starość. Interdyscyplinarne studia gerontologiczne

139-149

EN

Most commentators claim that the expression graodes mythoi used in 1 Tim. 4,7 is a contemptous description of the false teachings, based on the vivid in the ancient society negative stereotype. In this paper, concise review of the prebiblical meaning of the adjective graodes, as well as the noun graus, has been conducted. The results indicate that in the ancient tradition existed also a positive view of old women telling parenetic fictious stories to children. It is clear that the context of these inportant for the society didactic activities was home (oikos). It was observed that the oikos is perceived as a basis for the functioning of the early church in the Patoral Letters. That is why the role of women in the church is one of the important subjects of the Pastorals. In this article, the hypothesis is stated that the expression graodes mythoi might describe the educational activity conducted by old women at home (oikos). One can suppose that the content of their teaching could refer to the traditional elements of apocalyptic encratic doctrine of the first generation Christians. These doctrines would be strongly crticized by leaders of the church in a time of transformation. From this perspective, one can assume that the activity of old women was a subject of polemic, not necessary contempt in the Pastoral Letters.

3

EWOLUCJA NURTU NEOKONSERWATYWNEGO W POLITYCE USA W WYNIKU ZAMACHÓW Z 11 WRZEŚNIA 2001 ROKU I JEJ KONSEKWENCJE

100%

Milczanowski M.

Polityka i Społeczeństwo

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2019

|

issue 3(17)

103-117 (15)

EN

The article showcases and examines the evolution of the neoconservative strand of US politics and its influence on the country’s international politics, with a particular analytical emphasis on the effects of the September 11, 2001 attacks and the ensuing counter-terrorism measures on the part of the USA. The importance of the neocon agenda has grown considerably in the wake of the WTC and Pentagon attacks and, as a result, has shaped the core of US Middle Eastern politics. Simultaneously, the neocon takeover of US politics marginalized the impact of both the conservative and the liberal circles. As a consequence, the US national security evolved into a hard power model based on military authority. Such a political practice yielded short-term profits (and – at best – media benefits and image gains) for the USA, but in the long run it also posed a threat to the West.

4

MAIN DETERMINANTS OF DOCTRINE OF RETAINING OF INDEPENDENCE OF FORMER USSR REPUBLICS (GEORGIA, UKRAINE)

100%

Kakabadze V., Maisuradze N.

Ante Portas – Studia nad Bezpieczeństwem

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2016

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vol. 1(6) Kryzys ukraiński i jego znaczenie dla bezpieczeństwa międzynarodowego: aspekty militarno-polityczne

383-388

EN

Process of integration of former USSR republics into the global policy and economy within the existing international political system is related with many problems because they have inherited such causal issues of regional problems as independence and ethnic conflicts; integration into EU and settlement of relations with Russia; improvement of economical conditions and restriction of Russian capital and variations of decisions related to preparation of such decisions that shall contain alternative possibilities of actions which is impossible due to Russian spy networks and population with nostalgic attitude to Russia. For these reasons former USSR republics that are independent states at the present moment shall work out a joint doctrine. This article reviews main determinants of retaining of independence of former USSR republics, namely union of Ukraine and Georgia, which is based on existing and anticipated threats. Functional scheme of management of the union (alliance) is reviewed as well. Algorithms of stabilization of operation of the union and development of the union are represented too.

5

Próba rekonstrukcji doktryny i struktury Kościoła nowacjańskiego

100%

Sordyl K.

Vox Patrum

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2012

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vol. 57

535-550

EN

The Novatian vision of the Church appeared in the moment which was favourable for its further development. Not only did the Church suffer persecution, but also some Christians protested against the possibility of reconciliation lapsi. What is more, the doctrine concerning the impossibility to forgive certain sins had a significant role in spreading of Novatian Church. Merging the congregation belonging to Novatian Church and Montanists in the East contributed to specifying the doctrine of the sect. With reference to a repeat marriage, the testimonies from III century do not allow to state explicitly if the pope himself treated them as illegal. Novatian allowed for penance and reconciliation of those who were guilty of certain carnal sins. It seems that later such violations were treated more severely. Montanism surely had an influence on it. Such rigorism in penitential discipline assumed a definite concept of Church and the power of the keys, which differed significantly from the one Catholicism set down. Apart from this, however, dogmatic divergences between Novatianism and Catholicism are not to be observed. But, the question of determining the date of Easter led to the separation between a lot of Novatian communities and the Church. Socrates’ accounts of Novatian Church internal disputes let us discern a few features of its inner structure. It does not seem to differ from that of Catholic Church. There are bishops, priests, deacons, synods. Furthermore, episcopal appointments to more important cities are considered to be superior. The sacraments in Novatian Church were the same as in Catholic Church, however, according to Teodoret, Novatian Church did not practice anointing a person with holy oils after baptism. A similar opinion can be found in Pacian’s texts. It was accepted among Catholics, at least in the East, that those who converted from Novatian Church should be anointed. In Novatian communities, from the outset, Catholics, who joined this sect, were baptized for the second time. According to Eulogius, Novatians in Alexandria rejected the cult of relics. The council in Nice tried to restore Novatians to the unity with Catholic Church, adopting a restrained attitude towards them. The council in cannon 8 presents the “pure” returning to Church with the conditions of grace. The Trident Council, however, saw in condemning Novatians proof of true Fathers’ teaching about penance.

6

HERETYCY NA AMBONIE. KAZNODZIEJSKIE PRZEPOWIADANIE – PRZYCZYNEK DO ROZWOJU INDYWIDUALIZMU RELIGIJNEGO

88%

Klimski W.

Colloquium Wydziału Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych AMW

|

2015

|

issue 3

87-103

EN

The content of the article describes the problem of religious individualism shaping by the sermons. This is manifested in the fact, that the authors of sermons systematically promote some content with the doctrine of the Catholic Church and other regularly ignore. Preachers making certain choices are building a culture of individualism. This article will present an original model of the communication act, which explains the mechanism of the development of religious individualism. In addition, article presents the results of empirical studies, which argue topicality of the described problem.

7

MARYNARKA WOJENNA RP ANNO DOMINI 2017. „KLAJSTROWANIE” TRUDNEJ RZECZYWISTOŚCI!

88%

Drzewiecki A.

Colloquium Wydziału Nauk Humanistycznych i Społecznych AMW

|

2018

|

issue 1

35-66

EN

The coastal location of the Polish is of strategic importance for national security, and socio-political development, with all the resulting consequences. The words "removed" from the document The strategic concept of maritime safety, which in February 2017. signed President Andrzej Duda. There is no doubt that the environment of the Navy have been waiting for the manifestation of the most important activity of individuals and institutions in the country, from at least a dozen years. Today, when the "Word made flesh", the same environment has the right to expect that the declarations will follow specific organisational and investment wise marine and service prestige full participation of the Navy in the implementation of the maritime policy of the Member States. Referring to the various analyses, assessments and statements the author tries to diagnose the current state of the fleet and scratch the necessary "investments" that make it a strong link in the system of State security.

8

The Tenets of Trumpism – from Political Realism to Populism

88%

Waśko-Owsiejczuk E.

Przegląd Politologiczny

|

2018

|

issue 3

83-94

EN

The purpose of this article is to analyze US foreign policy under the new White House administration and to present the most important aspects of Trump’s emerging doctrine, with the aim of answering the following questions: what are the goals and tenets of, and the measures to implement, the foreign policy outlined in the new US National Security Strategy? Which trends can be considered dominant in Trump’s emerging doctrine? What challenges and threats to international security were mentioned in the document? Do traditional US allies still play an important role in the superpower’s security strategy? The thesis of this paper is that political realism is the main trend in Trump’s emerging doctrine and that US foreign policy has taken a unilateral course, with a large dose of populism.

9

Europejskie przywództwo. Niemcy w Unii Europejskiej

87%

Młynarski A.

Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej

|

2015

|

issue 9

289-303

EN

This paper is an attempt to analyse European leadership and the role played by a reunited Germany in the European Union. The author proposes five fundamental theses: 1) the reunification of Germany ruined the balance of power in Europe; 2) the Eastern enlargement of NATO and the EU has moved the zone of political and military influence of the USA to the line of the Bug river; 3) the Germans have confirmed their position as a European power; 4) the foreign policy of Angela Merkel is a continuation of Gerhard Schroder’s policy, meaning a transfer of the focus from European policy to prioritising German national interests; 5) the German issue has remained open.

10

Polish strategic thought in shaping security policy

75%

Wawrzusiszyn A.

Security Dimensions: International & National Studies

|

2014

|

vol. 12(12)

95-103

EN

Inquiry into the origins, essence and meaning of the term strategy dates back to the sixth century BC. Since then there has been an attempt to understand and explain its meaning and specify the place in the system of concepts. History shows that views have changed with the development of social relations, economic development and technological progress. Strategy in its original meaning was the field of martial arts, superior to the others and one of the oldest. Over the decades, it has become a discipline or specialty of martial science, and military science later. The term strategy is currently used in many areas of political, social and economic life. A particular variation is its security strategy, which includes the creation, preparation and use of state capacity to counter any threat to its existence and development. The author analyzes the evolution of Polish strategic thought in shaping national security in turn of the XX and XXI century.

11

Doktryna dobra publicznego w bankowości a kryzys

75%

Masiukiewicz P.

Prakseologia

|

2010

|

issue 150

241-262

EN

This article has a following thesis: changes in banking and a role of universal banks in real area in last years, give an argument for treating banks as public good in the crisis situation. 80–90% of societies use banking services in many countries as an effect of banking development. New social functions of banks appeared. Doctrines about sanitation and government support for banks were changed parallelly (LoLR, TBTF, TITF, doctrine of social good). Presently there are some arguments for recognition of social good doctrine in banking such as: a very big area for state regulation, state banking supervisory (e.g. acceptance of shareholders structure, appointment of president and vice president of a bank), state system of deposits insurance, realization of task delegated by the state, financing of public-private enterprises, social responsibility of banks and others. Banks received a great support form governments as a result of the subprime crisis. G-20 recommended new regulations for this sector as a result of crisis lesson. These arguments confirm that banks’ activity has a particular importance for society and economy.

12

Concept of threats and national defense in the Japanese ideology and doctrine

75%

Hoborowicz M.

Security Dimensions: International & National Studies

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2014

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vol. 12(12)

141-152

EN

The concept of threat and defense concerns an individual, social group but also – in a wider understanding – policy of every state, which is emphasized by researchers of this issue. To be able to refer to the issue of threat and defense in both epistemological and ontological sense, one should identify a specified social group or state, i.e. create a sociological layer, which enables to distinct the characteristic, unique elements. This paper attempts to first shortly discuss the aspect of threat and defense of national interests using the example of Japan after the so-called Meiji Restoration and second prove that in the case of this country, as in no other, the question of defense as a reaction to threat, reaches far into social culture, maintaining historical continuity, enriched with elements derived from the Western culture. Starting point for these deliberations on the subject of Japanese specificity in relations to perceiving threat and defense is definition proposed by Juliusz Piwowarski, who indicated few important components, which altogether compose the concept of threat and defense.

13

Autonomia samorządu terytorialnego w Stanach Zjednoczonych Ameryki — zagadnienia konstytucyjne

75%

Pawłowska A.

Przegląd Sejmowy

|

2013

|

issue 5(118)

103-120

EN

The level of autonomy of local government in the United States is governed by state constitutions. However, the way in which it is regulated is inconsistent and raises interpretative doubts. The analysis includes two dimensions of local autonomy, i.e. the formal dimension (the procedure for its enactment into state law) and material dimension (subjective scope of its operation). It is preceded by an indication of constitutional foundations (the principle of federalism) and of doctrinal backgrounds (formulated in judicial decisions made in the 19th century) of the current position of local governments in their relations with state authorities. This position has evolved towards greater autonomy of local authorities, refl ected in the widespread acceptance of home rule doctrine. However, the implementation of the doctrine in the provisions of state law takes the form which can hardly be considered to be real strengthening of the position of local government in its relations with the state.

14

Omówienie mistycyzmu nazistowskiego w polskiej debacie naukowej

75%

Szuppe P.

Studia Historyczne

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2017

|

vol. 60

|

issue 1 (237)

41-74

PL

Discussion of Nazi Misticizm in the Polish Scholarly Debate The article presents the theoretical foundations of Nazi mysticism, in the works of Polish scholars of the subject. It focuses on the emergence of the NSDAP party, discussing its philosophical and mystical origins. The essential components party mysticism are debated as well. The article refers to the development of mysticism in the theoretical and political principles of Nazism.

15

Między nauką a doktryną – kulturowa stygmatyzacja kryminalnej aktywności europejskich imigrantów ze strefy MENA

63%

Frączek-Broda J.

Securitologia

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2017

|

issue 1 (25)

19-34

EN

The article focuses on already existing business relations between Polish and Middle Eastern markets. It describes economic relations both levels – international, led by governments and led by private business entities and non-national companies. Major part of the article is the analysis of the potential influence of cultural factors on economic exchange and cooperation with Middle East. Article describes also issue of the image of Poland and Pole (seen as brands), and provides to the both sides of cultural and economical exchange possible solutions, leveling out the influence of culture-based misunderstandings.

PL

Artykuł skupia się na już istniejących relacjach biznesowych pomiędzy rynkiem polskim i rynkami bliskowschodnimi. Opisuje powiązania ekonomiczne dwóch poziomów – międzynarodowe, zarządzane z poziomu państwowego i niemiędzynarodowe, prowadzone przez osoby prywatne i niepaństwowe firmy. Główna część artykułu to analiza wpływu czynników kulturowych na wymianę handlową i współpracę gospodarczą z Bliskim Wschodem. Artykuł zajmuje się również kwestią wizerunku Polski i Polaków (postrzeganych jako marek), a także dostarcza obu stronom kulturowej i ekonomicznej wymiany możliwych rozwiązań, niwelujących wpływ przeszkód wynikających z nieporozumień kulturowych.

16

Доктрина общественной безопасности Российской Федерации: проблемы структурирования

63%

Puzikov R. V.

De Securitate et Defensione. O Bezpieczeństwie i Obronności

|

2016

|

issue 2(2)

57-67

RU

Настоящая статья посвящена одной из наиболее острых проблем правовой жизни современной России: формированию на основе принципов научности, обоснованности и целесообразности государственной доктрины национальной безопасности России в целом и общественной безопасности в частности. Автором отстаивается позиция, согласно которой доктрина как доктринальный документ – это не просто теория, выработанная отдельным исследователем, это всегда некая совокупность взглядов, единый продукт, получившийся в процессе объединения множества теорий. Утвержденная в Российской Федерации доктрина – это «совокупность официальных взглядов». Проведенное исследование позволило сделать автору выводы о том, что, в случае разработки Советом Федерации и утверждения в соответствии с установленной процедурой Указом Президента, Доктрина общественной безопасности Российской Федерации должна восполнить пробелы в правовом регулировании вопросов общественной безопасности. Доктрина будет служить основой для формирования государственной политики в области обеспечения общественной безопасности, подготовки предложений по совершенствованию правового, методического, научно-технического и организационного обеспечения общественной безопасности, а также разработки целевых программ обеспечения государственной безопасности Российской Федерации.

EN

This article is devoted to one of the most acute problems of legal reality in Russian Federation: the shaping, on the basis of scientific principles, of the legitimacy and purposefulness of the national security doctrine of Russia in general, and social security in particular. Author defends the position, according to which the doctrine – as a doctrinal document – is not the usual theory, developed by the individual researcher, but a generalization of views, the final product, created as a result of connection of different approaches. Approved in Russian Federation doctrine – is a “Compendium of official views”. Conducted research has allowed the author to draw a conclusion that prepared by the Federation Council and approved in accordance with the applicable President’s Executive Order, the security doctrine of the Russian Federation should complete the legal gaps in the social security issues. The doctrine will serve as a basis to shape the policy of the state in the area of ensuring the social security, preparing proposals for the improvement of: legal, methodological, scientific-technical and organizational social security, as well as preparing programs for the protection of national security of the Russian Federation.

17

Zagadnienie architektury sakralnej w doktrynie Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego : rys historyczno-teologiczny

63%

Grąbczewski G.

Resovia Sacra : Studia Teologiczno-Filozoficzne Diecezji Rzeszowskiej

|

2020

|

issue 27

43-54

EN

In the teaching of the Roman Catholic Church, the space of the temple is identified with the holy place, the sacred. Issues related to architecture, including religious architecture, although not the most important in church doctrine, nevertheless find their place in it. The subject of religious architecture appears primarily in connection with the function that the building is to fulfill for the community of believers – a gathering place for the celebration of the liturgy. The sacred building should meet liturgical requirements, and also help to build community and an atmosphere of concentration, with the shape of the space so that it stands out from many other buildings that have different social purposes. He thus becomes “God’s home”. The sacrum of the church space is also emphasized by the extensive symbolism, referring both to its whole and individual parts. Throughout the history of the Church, the topic of religious architecture has appeared in many of its documents, both universal and local. The most important of them will be cited in the text, showing the complexity and importance of the issue of religious architecture in the doctrine of the Roman Catholic Church.

18

Formation of the higher school management in Ukraine

63%

Pochtovyuk A. B.

Studia Miejskie

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2013

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vol. 11

95-103

EN

Globalization of vital processes of mankind today is associated with an increase in the importance of education in matters of self-development of people. According to UNESCO definition, education is the process and outcome of improvement of skills and behaviour of the individual, due to which he or she reaches social maturity and personal growth. The current state of society requires the identification of new approaches to terminology in the management of educational sphere, which is the basis for belief, spiritual development of the individual, and also ensures the development of the intellectual potential of society. The rapid changes that have occurred in the last decade in the life of our country due to the socio-economic and political factors affected all aspects of social life, including the education system. Relevance of study processes occurring in education, is increasing as socium recognized that the transition to an information society where knowledge serves as the main social value leads to the increasing role of highly intelligent individual, able not only to accept previously accumulated scientific knowledge, but also to generalize, analyse, create a new form of advanced information technologies, services and products. That is why in recent years the reform processes are taking place in education and they aim at achieving the best world standards. Therefore, this article investigates the development and establishment of definitions of management of higher education.

19

Polityka zagraniczna i bezpieczeństwa Polski po 1989 roku

63%

Ochyra-Żurawska K., Ochyra P.

Aviation and Security Issues

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2022

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vol. 2

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issue 2

31-46

EN

The main aim of this article is to identify the factors that contributed to shaping the external and international security of Poland after 1989. The authors discuss the main problems of shaping the foreign and security policy of the Republic of Poland (RP) in the period of systemic transformation and changes on the international arena after 1989. In the first part of the article, the authors describe the relations of the Republic of Poland with other countries on the arena of international politics. In the main part, the authors characterize the doctrines and strategies which are in force in Poland after 1989. In the next part, they present cooperation with international structures, which was marked by the political breakthrough in 1989 and NATO accession in 1999. The 1990s were a time of radical changes of political system in Poland and also security system has undergone revolutionary changes.

PL

Głównym celem niniejszego artykułu było określenie czynników, które przyczyniły się do kształtowania bezpieczeństwa zewnętrznego oraz międzynarodowego Polski po 1989 r. Autorzy poruszyli główne problemy kształtowania się polityki zagranicznej i bezpieczeństwa Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej (RP) w okresie transformacji systemowej oraz przemian na arenie międzynarodowej po 1989 r. W pierwszej części artykułu autorzy opisali stosunki RP z innymi państwami. W głównej części autorzy scharakteryzowali doktryny i strategie obowiązujące w państwie polskim po 1989 r. W kolejnej części przedstawiali współpracę ze strukturami międzynarodowymi, której istotnymi cezurami czasowymi były przełom polityczny 1989 r. oraz przystąpienie do NATO w 1999 r. Lata dziewięćdziesiąte XX wieku były okresem radykalnych przemian polityczno-ustrojowych w Polsce, w związku z tym również bezpieczeństwo doświadczało rewolucyjnych zmian.

20

Ewolucja doktryny ochronnej – wymuszona zewnętrznie konieczność czy świadomy proces humanizacji

63%

Gospodarowicz Z.

Roczniki Pedagogiczne

|

2019

|

vol. 11(47)

|

issue Numer specjalny

167-172

PL

Tematem artykułu jest analiza ewolucji doktryny systemu penitencjarnego w kontekście przemian ustrojowych, jakie zaszły w Polsce na początku lat dziewięćdziesiątych. W szczególności autor zwraca uwagę na fakt, że wprowadzane zmiany powinny uwzględniać dwutorowy charakter systemu penitencjarnego, który obejmuje dwie grupy podmiotów: osoby osadzone oraz osoby nadzorujące. W artykule odwołano się do założeń współczesnej doktryny penitencjarnej, która kładzie nacisk na humanitaryzm w odniesieniu do osób osadzonych, co znajduje odzwierciedlenie w doborze oraz przeszkoleniu kadry penitencjarnej. Autor skonfrontował założenia teoretycznie z realiami okresu przemian ustrojowych w Polsce na początku lat dziewięćdziesiątych: istotną redukcją w zasobach kadrowych, ograniczeniami finansowymi, zmianami w strukturze przestępczości oraz odbiorem społecznym służby więziennictwa.

EN

The aim of the article is to analyze the contemporary doctrine of penitentiary system within the context of political transformation that took place in Poland in the early 90s. In particular, author suggests that while introducing the changes in the system, its dual nature should be considered, consisting of two main elements: detained individuals and custodians. The article highlights the main assumption of the modern penitentiary doctrine – the focus on humanitarian approach towards detained individuals, which should be reflected by the careful and selection of skilled and professional staff. The author highlighted main challenges that Polish penitentiary system faced during political and economic swift in the early 90s, i.e. substantial redundancy, lack of resources, evolution of crime and perception of prison officers among society.

Refine search results

L’archéologie préventive en France. Forces et faiblesses

"Baśnie starych kobiet" w 1 Tm 4,7. Wokół interpretacji przymiotnika graodes

EWOLUCJA NURTU NEOKONSERWATYWNEGO W POLITYCE USA W WYNIKU ZAMACHÓW Z 11 WRZEŚNIA 2001 ROKU I JEJ KONSEKWENCJE

MAIN DETERMINANTS OF DOCTRINE OF RETAINING OF INDEPENDENCE OF FORMER USSR REPUBLICS (GEORGIA, UKRAINE)

Próba rekonstrukcji doktryny i struktury Kościoła nowacjańskiego

HERETYCY NA AMBONIE. KAZNODZIEJSKIE PRZEPOWIADANIE – PRZYCZYNEK DO ROZWOJU INDYWIDUALIZMU RELIGIJNEGO

MARYNARKA WOJENNA RP ANNO DOMINI 2017. „KLAJSTROWANIE” TRUDNEJ RZECZYWISTOŚCI!

The Tenets of Trumpism – from Political Realism to Populism

Europejskie przywództwo. Niemcy w Unii Europejskiej

Polish strategic thought in shaping security policy

Doktryna dobra publicznego w bankowości a kryzys

Concept of threats and national defense in the Japanese ideology and doctrine

Autonomia samorządu terytorialnego w Stanach Zjednoczonych Ameryki — zagadnienia konstytucyjne

Omówienie mistycyzmu nazistowskiego w polskiej debacie naukowej

Między nauką a doktryną – kulturowa stygmatyzacja kryminalnej aktywności europejskich imigrantów ze strefy MENA

Доктрина общественной безопасности Российской Федерации: проблемы структурирования

Zagadnienie architektury sakralnej w doktrynie Kościoła rzymskokatolickiego : rys historyczno-teologiczny

Formation of the higher school management in Ukraine

Polityka zagraniczna i bezpieczeństwa Polski po 1989 roku

Ewolucja doktryny ochronnej – wymuszona zewnętrznie konieczność czy świadomy proces humanizacji