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Konserwacja czółna z Lewina Brzeskiego

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Babiński L.

Ochrona Zabytków

1997

issue 4

328-335

In the spring of 1991, a series of interesting archaeological discoveries, connected with inland navigation, was made in flooded industrial gravel workings. The outcome of the investigations consisted of remnants of a wooden platform and two large dugout boats. The first boat — one of the largest trough-like dugouts discovered in Poland — was transported to the Biskupin Department of the State Archaeological Museum. In 1991-1996, it was studied and subjected to conservation performed in the Wood Conservation Laboraory. The flat-bottomed and non-bulkhead dugout, 12,4 m. long and 85-100 cms. wide, was hollowed out from an oak trunk. The object was dated by means of dendrochronological methods as 372-373 AD. In the past, it was probably used as a river cargo boat. The object in question was delivered to the laboratory in four fragments. Cracks were found in many parts of the dugout and the waterlogged wood revealed gaps. The moisture content of the sap preserved on the outer surfaces of the sides totalled about 1000%. The water content of the heartwood oscillated, depending on the place of occurrence, from 175% to about 400%. Prior to conservation, fragments of the object were stored in chests filled with damp wood shavings. The conservation itself was preceded by an examination of the chemical composition of the sapwood and heartwood, as well as of selected physical properties and the dimensional stability of the heartwood, treated with PEG 400 and sucrose and subjected to two-step treatment with PEG 400 and PEG 4000. The boat was placed in in tanks made of polyester resin and glass fibre, and filled with water with the addition of Dodigen 226 (quaternary ammonium compound.) During the twelve month-long treatment, the water was periodically filtered, removing the mineral compounds rinsed from the wood. Subsequently, the wood was treated with PEG 400 (polyethylene glycol). Two years of treatment were completed with a 46% concentration of the solution. During the second stage of conservation, the boat was sprinkled with PEG 4000 solutions and subjected to controlled drying. Excess polyglycol, gathering on the surface of the wood, was melted with hot air and removed mechanically. Today, the dugout is displayed in the Museum of Opole Silesia in Opole.

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1 Ochrona Zabytków

1 Babiński L.

1 1997

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Konserwacja czółna z Lewina Brzeskiego