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Angel in “the Cartesian theatre” – Aquinas and the mind-body problem

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Stępień T.

Warszawskie Studia Teologiczne

2018

vol. 31

issue 3

66-79

One of the solutions of the mind-body problem, which returns to the philosophical discussion on consciousness is the “soul hyphotesis”. Existence of the soul can clear the “explanatory gap”, but it brings yet another problems in explanation of how consciousness works. The magiority of those issues exist because of very specific understanding of the mind-body relations in Cartesian way as two separated substances. Some of the schoars propose to overlap the Cartesian approach by returning to the philosophy of St Thomas Aquinas. This article shows that in the writings of Aquinas we can find exact analogy of the Cartesian view of the body-soul relations in the description of how immaterial angel assums the body. For Aquinas angel exist and acts in assumed human body in the very same way as Descartes describes the soul acting in human body, and angel’s mode of perception is similar to what is usually called as “the Cartesian theatre”. For Aquinas angel in assumed body cannot perfom any human action, it only pretends to perform it, because it operates bodily organs as the form, which is not united with this specific body. St Thomas explanation of the relation of body and soul in human being relies on the claim of unity of body and soul, which together are one substance. Such approach was even called biological, because of the stress on the role which body plays in human actions. Therefore Aquinas proposition could be perceived the way of overcoming the dualism and removing some of the dilemas which are linked with “soul hypothesis” understood in traditional way.

Pure or Compound Dualism? Considering Afresh the Prospects of Pure Substance Dualism

84%

Farris J. R.

ARGUMENT: Biannual Philosophical Journal

2013

vol. 3

issue 1

151-159

Substance dualism has received much attention from philosophers and theologians in contem- porary literature. Whilst it may have been fashiona ble in the recent past to dismiss substance dualism as an unviable and academically absurd position to hold, this is no longer the case. My contention is not so much the merits of substance dualism in general, but a more specified variation of substance dualism. My specific contribution to the literature in this article is that I argue for the viability of pure substance dualism as a more satisfactory option in contrast to compound or composite varieties of substance dual ism. I put forth one argument and tease out the implications that make compound dual ism less than satisfactory. I conclude that, mini- mally, more work is required on compound variations of dualism to make it a more appealing and a philosophically satisfactory option.

Dualizm czysty czy złożony? Ponowne rozważenie czystego dualizmu substancjalnego. Od jakiegoś czasu dualizm substancjalny przyciąga sporo uwagi filozofów i teologów, choć jeszcze do niedawna w modzie było odrzucanie tego stanowiska jako niedającego się naukowo utrzymać, czy wręcz absurdalnego. Zamiarem autora jest nie tyle wykazanie zasadności dualizmu substancjalnego w ogóle, ile słuszności pewnej jego odmiany. W artykule wysuwa argument przemawiający za czystym dualizmem substancjalnym jako opcją bardziej satysfakcjonują niż dualizm substancjalny o charakterze złożonym czy też mieszanym. Z przedstawionej argumentacji wyprowadza wnioski wskazujące na to, że dualizm złożony jest znacznie mniej zadowalającym stanowiskiem. Autor stwierdza ponadto, że rozmaite wersje dualizmu złożonego — w najlepszym razie — wymagają dalszych badań, aby uznać je za propozycje atrakcyjne i filozoficznie zadowalające

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Angel in “the Cartesian theatre” – Aquinas and the mind-body problem

Pure or Compound Dualism? Considering Afresh the Prospects of Pure Substance Dualism