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Służebności fotowoltaiczne w prawie polskim z odniesieniami komparatystycznymi

100%

Bieranowski A.

Rejent

2021

issue 12 (368)

9-68

The purpose of this Article was to verify the different types of easement from the point of view of suitability for photovoltaic investment. The above analysis has shown that the easement of transmission cannot be established for the location of photovoltaic panels. With regard to barriers than German or Swiss law. To begin with, the catalogue of rights in rem in Polish law is very limited. Polish law does not include building right. Secondly, unlike in Swiss law, the regulation of easement in Polish law is not adjusted to the needs of a modern economy. Those weaknesses manifest themselves primarily in the non-transferability of personal easements (quoad ius) and the narrowing down of the subject matter scope of personal easements (only natural persons are entitled to personal easements). However, in light of art. 393 of CC (§ 328 of BGB) there are no barriers when a person declares that they will establish personal easement for the benefit of a third party, also under the suspending condition (e.g. expiry of the hitherto valid easement). The third person does not have to be marked immediately. Similar to German law (§ 1019 of BGB), the usefulness of appurtenant easements in protecting the photovoltaic investment definitely reduces the necessity of carrying out the premise of usefulness for benefiting property (utilitas).

Natural Resources as an Example of Common-pool Resources. Conflicts Over Access to Common Goods and Their Importance for the Local and Regional Development

84%

Wołyniec Ł. P.

Konteksty Społeczne

2013

vol. 1

issue 2

The article treats natural resources as an example of common-pool resources, which arediscussed in the context of conflicts over access to the resources located in areas of natural value. One of these conflicts comes down to confirmation of the validity of easements given toPolish peasants by the Russian Tsar in the 19th century. Their descendants demand the free access to fisheries in lakes. Another example of such conflict is related to the Białowiez ̇a Forrest and government proposals to enlarge the area of Białowiez ̇a National Park. Observed conflicts resemble CPR dilemmas widely discussed in the literature. The solution will be important toprovide opportunities for development in these areas.

Artykuł traktuje zasoby przyrodnicze jako przykład dóbr typu CPR (common-pool resources). Omawiane są one w kontekście konfliktów o dostęp do zasobów na obszarach o szczególnych walorach przyrodniczych. Jeden z konfliktów sprowadza się potwierdzenia ważności służebności nadanych polskim chłopom przez rosyjskiego cara w XIX wieku. Ich potomkowie domagają się prawa do bezpłatnego połowu ryb w jeziorach. Drugi przykład konfliktu odnosi się do Puszczy Białowieskiej i rządowych propozycji powiększenia Białowieskiego Parku Narodowego. Zaobserwowane konflikty przypominają szeroko omawiane w literaturze dylematy CPR. Ich rozwiązanie będzie miało istotne znaczenie z punktu widzenia zapewnienia tym obszarom możliwości rozwoju.

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1 Konteksty Społeczne

1 Rejent

1 Bieranowski A.

1 Wołyniec Ł. P.

1 2021

1 2013

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Służebności fotowoltaiczne w prawie polskim z odniesieniami komparatystycznymi

Natural Resources as an Example of Common-pool Resources. Conflicts Over Access to Common Goods and Their Importance for the Local and Regional Development