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The EU Macro-Regions : Approaches and Patterns

100%
Olsztyn Economic Journal
|
2015
|
vol. 10
|
issue 3
209-221
EN
With the decline of the nation state and the increasing importance of regionalisation, the EU has launched macro-regions, i.e., areas, including territories from several countries, that share common goals and operating under multi-level governance. This paper focuses on the EU territorial cooperation strategy, utilising the concept of "macro--region" and the perspective of the macro-regional approach. Following the first macro-regions (such as the Baltic Sea Region and the Danube Region), the EU recently launched the Adriatic-Ionian Macro-regional Strategy, which was seen as an additional tool for cooperation between local and regional authorities that overlooks the Adriatic Sea. Nevertheless, future developments in the region appear at the present to be quite uncertain, owing to structural industrial decline, rural marginalisation and a lack of infrastructure adequate to support the entire cooperation area. To overcome these constraints, the concept of macro-region must be strengthened by creating alternative ways to engage in cross-border cooperation between areas subject to similar conditions. Matching among regions that belong to different Euro-countries within the framework of a macro-region may be the best way to forge a consistent path towards territorial, economic and social integration. This will help to create a common pole of cooperation characterized by various strategies that can act as accelerators in creating territorial capital.
EN
The author makes an attempt to analyze the Strategy for Responsible Development (SRD), the process of its creation and its place among state policies. He tries to answer the question about its feasibility, degree and direction of the impact of new policies on the social and economic situation. He refers to previous policy-making documents after 1989, with an emphasis on the process of their creation, characteristics and role in the institutional environment. Next, he discusses the process of developing and adopting the SRD. The coherence and the ability to achieve the objectives of the Strategy are examined. Additionally, instruments of the new state policy have been critically evaluated, which has been expanded on selected examples showing system problems with the implementation of SRD policies. The article concludes with proposals addressed to the SRD and future state policies. 
PL
Autor dokonuje analizy Strategii na rzecz Odpowiedzialnego Rozwoju, procesu jej tworzenia oraz miejsca w polityce państwa. Podejmuje próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie o jej wykonalność, a także o stopień i kierunek oddziaływania nowej polityki na sytuację społeczno-gospodarczą. Przywołuje inne dokumenty będące podstawą polityki państwa po 1989 r., ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem procesu jej tworzenia, cech charakterystycznych oraz roli w ówczesnym otoczeniu instytucjonalnym. Następnie omawia proces tworzenia i przyjmowania Strategii na rzecz Odpowiedzialnego Rozwoju. Bada spójność i wykonalność celów Strategii. Ponadto instrumenty nowej polityki państwa poddaje krytycznej ocenie, co zostało rozwinięte na wybranych przykładach pokazujących systemowe problemy związane z wdrożeniem polityki SOR. Artykuł kończy się postulatami pod adresem SOR oraz kolejnych projektów polityki państwa.
EN
The article concerns the project of localisation and construction of the nuclear power plant in Klempicz. The author of the paper not only presents the implementation of the investment but also explains the reason why the nuclear power plant’s construction was cancelled by the Government of Polish People’s Republic in 1989. Moreover, the article deals with the localisation project of the nuclear power plant in Klempicz after 1989. Also in the paper the social protests against building a nuclear power plant in Klempicz are described.
PL
Artykuł dotyczy budowy elektrowni jądrowej w Klempiczu. Autor przedstawił przebieg przygotowań do tej inwestycji i podjął się wyjaśnienia przyczyn rezygnacji z jej realizacji przez władze PRL w 1989 r. Ponadto w artykule znalazł się opis planów lokalizacji elektrowni jądrowej w Klempiczu po roku 1989. W tekście został też scharakteryzowany przebieg protestów społecznych przeciw planom budowy elektrowni jądrowej w Klempiczu.
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