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Give me a break: Laughing with colleagues guards against ego depletion

100%

Scheel T. E., Putz D., Kurzawa C.

The European Journal of Humour Research

2017

vol. 5

issue 1

Job demands, like time pressure, consume employees’ limited resources, which need to be restored through recovery in order to maintain psychological well-being and work performance. Employees in high-strain jobs need to replenish their emotional resources throughout the work day. This can take place during breaks if employees are able to psychologically detach from the work demands. Given the stress-relieving functions of humour, we hypothesised that affiliative humour during breaks would attenuate affective impairments related to time pressure and would decrease negative emotional spillover from breaks to subsequent work. We conducted moderated mediation analyses with bootstrapping based on a cross-sectional sample of 170 employees working at four retail stores. Time pressure was positively related to affective irritation, which in turn was related to more spillover of negative (and less spillover of positive) mood from breaks to work. Laughing with colleagues during breaks moderated the link between time pressure and affective irritation, such that this relation became nonsignificant when the frequency of joint laughter during breaks increased. Hence, pleasurable social break activities appear to be important for within-workday recovery. Employers should encourage their employees to take their breaks consistently and to socialise with likable colleagues, especially during periods of high work load.

Wyczerpanie ego, glukoza i kryzys replikacyjny: Dwadzieścia lat zasobowego modelu samokontroli

72%

Jędrzejczyk J., Lewczuk K.

Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka

2017

vol. 35

25-44

W ostatnich latach duża część badań dotyczących samokontroli weryfikowała założenia tzw. modelu zasobowego, który został zaproponowany przez Roya Baumeistera i współpracowników. Według tego modelu wszystkie formy samokontroli opierają się na ograniczonym zasobie, który wraz z kolejnymi jej aktami się wyczerpuje. To skutkuje stanem tzw. wyczerpania ego, w którym zdolność do efektywnej samokontroli jest ograniczona. W poniższej pracy zaprezentowano przegląd badań nad zasobowym modelem Baumeistera, w szczególności poszukiwania i próby weryfikacji biologicznej podstawy zasobu. Następnie przytoczono badania, które wskazywały na alternatywne wyjaśnienia mechanizmów samokontroli oraz opisano najnowsze propozycje teoretyczne, postulujące, że za efekt wyczerpania ego odpowiedzialne są nie tyle ograniczone zasoby, ile procesy decyzyjne i motywacyjne. Ostatnia część pracy dotyczy niedawnych doniesień ujawniających problemy z replikowalnością efektu wyczerpania ego. Zdaniem autorów niniejszego artykułu analiza wyników dotychczasowych badań oraz ich replikacje wskazują na znikomą użyteczność modelu zasobowego w objaśnieniu mechanizmów samokontroli.

In the last years, much of research in the field of self-control was aimed to verify assumptions of the resource model of self-control, introduced by Roy Baumeister and colleagues. According to this model, all forms of self-control rely on a limited resource, which is depleted by engaging in further acts of self-control. This results is a state of ego depletion, in which the ability to perform self-control effectively is diminished. In this article, we provide an overview of research on ego depletion, focusing on experimental attempts to verify the biological basis of the resource. Additionally, we discuss research that postulate alternative explanations of the mechanisms of self-control and we describe the newest theoretic proposals, which put emphasis on motivational and decision--making processes as a cause of ego depletion effect, rather than on limited resource. Lastly, we reflect on implications of recent reports revealing problems with replicability of ego depletion. We argue that limited resource explanation did not provide a useful framework for explaining mechanisms of self-control.

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1 Psychologia-Etologia-Genetyka

1 The European Journal of Humour Research

1 Jędrzejczyk J.

1 Kurzawa C.

1 Lewczuk K.

1 Putz D.

1 Scheel T. E.

2 2017

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Give me a break: Laughing with colleagues guards against ego depletion

Wyczerpanie ego, glukoza i kryzys replikacyjny: Dwadzieścia lat zasobowego modelu samokontroli