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NAMES AND SURNAMES AS ELEMENTS OF PERSONAL SECURITY

100%

Hrynicki W. M.

Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje

2017

vol. 27(27)

89-114

1. Objective The objective of the article is to indicate that names and surnames are essential elements of personal security. The security which is subjectively determined by both environmental (intentional and non-intentional), and internal (emotional, spiritual, psychological and mystical) factors. Through the analysis of individual cases the author tries to prove that the choice of name as well as the change of name or surname are determined not only by environmental factors (such as good associations and the need for acceptance) but also by strictly internal ones (such as religious or family aspects, or the need for respect). 2. Introduction Security is an overriding human need and as such determines other human needs and motives for actions taken. It occurs not only in a negative form, manifested by a lack of threats which determines normal social development in accordance with principles of social coexistence, but also in a positive form, which in turn is manifested by the ability to develop optimum developmental conditions which ensure the fulfilment of a wide scope of social needs. Today’s understanding of security, apart from the objective dimension, must respect the subjective measure, which implies the notion of personal security, the level of which depends on environmental factors (both intentional and non-intentional ones) and internal factors, including spiritual, psychological, emotional, intuitive, health and mystical ones. Names and surnames become one of the indicators and elements of personal security. 3. Methodology The author identifies names and surnames as elements of personal security, following views about it, and in this scope applies the intuitive method. It is also necessary to analyse individual legal acts relating to the giving of names and the changing of names or surnames, and to this end the author uses the formal and legal method. All conclusions are based to a great extent on the author’s own research conducted for the years 2012‒2015, which in turn is connected with the use of both the survey method and the interview method, as well as the statistical method. The surveys conducted concern the motives for naming children by parents, and the interviews were carried out in 84 registry offices in Poland (in the largest cities in Poland, according to the number of population). 4. Conclusions The author proves that names and surnames are an important indicator and element of personal security. The process of giving names and changing names and surnames is related to the subjective understanding of security. He concludes that both environmental factors (intentional and non-intentional) and strictly internal ones (spiritual, emotional and mystical) have a significant influence on the decisions to choose or change a name or surname. The factors often occur at the same time and constitute a specific kind of implication of interrelated causes.

CONTROL AS AN INDISPENSABLE ELEMENT OF SECURITY BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF REGIONAL CENTRE OF BLOOD DONATION AND BLOOD TREATMENT IN CRACOW

75%

Hrynicki W. M., MOROZEWICZ E.

Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje

2017

vol. 25(25)

85-105

1. Objective The objective of the article is to present the need of control as an indispensable element of security based on the example of one of the public entities – Regional Centre of Blood Donation and Blood Treatment – which is authorised to collect and process blood and its components, and to provide blood or its components. The authors try to prove that inspections of the Regional Centre of Blood Donation and Blood Treatment in Kraków have a considerable influence on the security of public blood service. 2. Introduction Security, apart from constituting a physiological need, is an overriding human need and as such determines other human needs and motives for actions taken. It is manifested not only by lack of threats (which is the basic aspect of security) but also by the need to take action to provide appropriate conditions for the development of both individuals and smaller and bigger social groups. Hence, today’s understanding of security is not exclusively related to the existence of an individual or social groups (lack of threats), but it must be considered from the point of view of their development, which in turn determines the evolution of such security categories as, for example, cultural security or job security. Control seems to be an indispensable element of security. Without it the essence of security does not make sense since the desired state (guaranteed by security determinants) may not be steady if it is not appropriately controlled (often and in the right way). Control constitutes an element of different spheres of security, including the security of public blood service. 3. Methodology The authors analyse the issues of control as an indispensable element of security and try to prove that it is an important element of the public sphere. They make use both of the formal and dogmatic method, and the research method, because they analyse the inspections carried out at the Regional Centre of Blood Donation and Blood Treatment in Kraków in recent years. Looking at security from the perspective of its individual elements (here: control) allows for confirming the established conclusion that it is a multi-level phenomenon which occurs in many spheres of life and science. 4. Conclusions The authors prove that control is an indispensable element of security without which it is impossible to discuss security – not only from the scientific point of view but, above all, from the practical one. They therefore conclude that control is an element of both global and public security, and even of the feeling of security. They finally point out that control has an influence on the level of security of public blood service.

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2 Kultura Bezpieczeństwa. Nauka – Praktyka – Refleksje

2 Hrynicki W. M.

1 MOROZEWICZ E.

2 2018

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NAMES AND SURNAMES AS ELEMENTS OF PERSONAL SECURITY

CONTROL AS AN INDISPENSABLE ELEMENT OF SECURITY BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF REGIONAL CENTRE OF BLOOD DONATION AND BLOOD TREATMENT IN CRACOW