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Emigration from the Perspective of the School-to-Work Transition in Bulgaria

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Stoilova R., Dimitrova E.

Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

2017

vol. 53

issue 6

903-934

The aim of this article is to analyse the extent to which differences between young people’s education, employment status, and social background can explain the differences in their emigration intentions and actual experience with emigration. The goal is to create a profile of youth with emigration experience and examine the interrelation between two transitions, from education to work and from youth into adulthood, as measured by the degree of independence from parents, and also to investigate social inequalities among people with emigration experience in the transition from education to finding a first job. The analysis is based on theories of the individual life-course transition and social status theories. The empirical data were gathered from a representative survey conducted in Bulgaria in 2014 that focused on young people aged 15–34 who had left education within the previous five years. The results show that young people from large families with many siblings more often have emigration intentions and that previous emigration experience is the strongest predictor of emigration intentions. Emigration intensions are also more likely among people who have emigrated and later returned and ended up economically inactive. This fact is important in understanding the large number of young people who are not in education or employment (NEETs) in Bulgaria.

Vybrané psychologické faktory súvisiace s emigračnými zámermi trvalého odchodu vysokoškolákov do zahraničia

100%

Gajdošová B., Orosová O.

Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

2019

vol. 63

issue 3

249-264

Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of selected psychological factors in relation to emigration intentions of voluntary permanent migration among university students. Sample and setting. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the Faculty of Arts, P. J. Šafárik University in Košice and carried out in a sample of 487 university students (76% of women, M=22.81, SD=2.97) from 18 Slovak universities who completed the measures on subjective importance of faith, attendance of religious services, desire for change, emigration self-efficacy, positive attitudes toward emigration and emigration intentions. Hypotheses. The authors assumed that there would be either direct or indirect effects of the selected psychological variables on emigration intentions of the voluntary permanent migration of university students. Statistical analysis. In order to test and estimate the hierarchy of the causal relationships in the model, modelling by structural equations (SEM) in AMOS 20 was used. of emigration self-efficacy, attitudes to emigration, desire for change as well as direct negative associations of attendance of religious services and satisfaction with home /family with the intentions of moving abroad permanently. Positive attitudes toward migration and emigration self-efficacy have played the role of mediators in the relationship between the desire for change and the intention to migrate. Psychological factors have been conceptualized within the Triadic Influence Theory. Study limitation. The use of cross-sectional design, focusing only on intentions of permanent departure, not the behaviour itself, limitations of the Triadic Influence Theory.

Zámer. Cieľom štúdie bolo skúmať efekty vybraných psychologických faktorov súvisiacich s emigračnými zámermi dobrovoľného trvalého odchodu vysokoškolákov do zahraničia. Súbor a procedúra. Výskum schválený Etickou komisiou FF UPJŠ v Košiciach sa uskutočnil na vzorke 487 vysokoškolákov (76 % žien, M = 22,81; SD = 2,97) a 18 slovenských vysokých škôl prostredníctvom škál zisťujúcich dôležitosť viery, návštevy bohoslužieb, túžbu po zmene, spokojnosť s domovom/rodinou, emigračnú sebaúčinnosť, pozitívne postoje k migrácii a emigračné zámery. Hypotézy. Autorky predpokladali buď priame alebo nepriame efekty vybratých psychologických premenných na emigračné intencie trvalého dobrovoľného odchodu vysokoškolákov. Štatistická analýza. Za účelom testovania a odhadu hierarchie kauzálnych vzťahov v modeli bolo použité modelovanie štrukturálnymi rovnicami (SEM) v programe AMOS 20. Výsledky. Potvrdili sa priame pozitívne asociácie emigračnej sebaúčinnosti, postojov k emigrácii, túžby po zmene a priame negatívne asociácie návštev bohoslužieb, spokojnosti s domovom/ rodinou s intenciami trvalého odchodu vysokoškolákov do zahraničia. Pozitívne postoje k emigrácii a emigračná sebaúčinnosť zohrávali úlohu mediátorov vo vzťahu túžba po zmene a intencie trvalého odchodu do zahraničia. Psychologické faktory boli zvažované aj z hľadiska Teórie triadického vplyvu. Obmedzenia štúdie. Prierezový dizajn výskumu, práca s intenciami trvalého odchodu, nie so samotným správaním, limity Teórie triadického vplyvu.

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1 Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review

1 Československá psychologie (Czechoslovak Psychology)

1 Dimitrova E.

1 Gajdošová B.

1 Orosová O.

1 Stoilova R.

1 2019

1 2017

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Emigration from the Perspective of the School-to-Work Transition in Bulgaria

Vybrané psychologické faktory súvisiace s emigračnými zámermi trvalého odchodu vysokoškolákov do zahraničia