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Stosowanie przymusu bezpośredniego w postępowaniu egzekucyjnym w administracji

100%

Jaworska I.

Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne

2017

vol. 104

45-62

Przymus bezpośredni jest jednym ze środków egzekucyjnych dotyczących egzekucji obowiązków o charakterze niepieniężnym stosowanych przez organ egzekucyjny w administracyjnym postępowaniu egzekucyjnym. Niewątpliwe jest to środek najbardziej uciążliwy dla zobowiązanego, bowiem może ingerować w jego nietykalność. Z drugiej strony jest to środek zazwyczaj prowadzący bezpośrednio do wykonania obowiązku przez zobowiązanego, a tym samym skuteczny. Celem artykułu jest zbadanie charakteru prawnego, wskazanie przesłanek oraz trybu stosowania tego środka egzekucyjnego oraz trudności, które może napotkać organ egzekucyjny, dążąc do jego zastosowania.

Direct coercion is one of the enforcement measures relating to the execution of the duties of nonpecuniary used by the enforcement authority in administrative enforcement proceedings. Undoubtedly this is the most burdensome enforcement measure for the debtor, since it might interfere in his inviolability. On the other hand, it is the measure usually directly linking to fulfill the obligation by the debtor, and thus effective. The aim of this article is to examine the legal nature of this measure, indication of circumstances and mode of application of an enforcement measure and the difficulties that may be encountered enforcement authority with a view to its use.

Zatwierdzenie ugody zawartej przed mediatorem

70%

Strumiłło T.

Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

2014

vol. XII

issue 2

91-126

This paper concerns the procedure for recognition and declaration of enforceability of a settlement agreement resulting from mediation. The author analyses both static (courts competent to receive requests for ratification, parties to court proceedings) and dynamic aspect of this procedure (requirements which the request for recognition or declaration of enforceability must satisfy, a type of trial, the content of a court’s decision, service of thereof, admissibility of actions against a court’s decision). Furthermore, the article comprises comments on the scope of evaluation of terms of a settlement and on the effects of ratification or refusal of recognition / granting enforceability. The author makes extensive remarks on a significant practical matter of settlement agreements which cover several disputes (especially in a situation when a number of court proceedings were initiated by the parties and then single mediation, commenced afterwards, refers to more than one case). It is stated that in principle one court is competent to recognize / declare enforceable the settlement agreement which exceeds an extent of a claim which is the subject of a litigation. Furthermore, the question of consequences of withdrawal of a claim which initiated litigation (during which a court refers parties to mediation) on the request for ratification of a settlement agreement resulting from mediation is addressed. The paper also concerns the problem of admissibility of mediated agreements in divorce and separation proceedings. Although mediation is of high importance in such matters, a settlement agreement should not be a subject of ratification. Its provisions – on: parental contact with a minor child, the burden of the costs of living and educating a child, sharing a common accommodation and division of joint property – may be included in the court’s ruling on divorce / separation. Finally, an issue of a form of the settlement agreement in cases concerning real estate is referred to. Unclear regulation results in divided opinions whether notarial deed is necessary. According to the author, it is also possible to recognize settlements made in written form.

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1 Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne

1 Studia Prawno-Ekonomiczne

1 Jaworska I.

1 Strumiłło T.

1 2017

1 2014

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Stosowanie przymusu bezpośredniego w postępowaniu egzekucyjnym w administracji

Zatwierdzenie ugody zawartej przed mediatorem