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1

The basic goals and tasks of media activities in ethics of the media

100%

Czarnecki P.

Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne

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2016

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issue 4(23)

17-30

EN

Speaking of the media, I mean the whole of the press (newspapers and magazines), radio, television, and in recent years the Internet (or at least so-called Internet portals). This demonstrative definition of media also appeared in a number of studies on media and media ethics. This definition does not include, however, the complexity of the media, says nothing about the overt and covert mechanisms linking media with its social, economic and political surroundings, and finally does not indicate the purpose of the media, which seem to be essential both to differentiate what media really stands for and what does not, as well as to evaluate ethically the behaviour of the media. Therefore, in this article first I will describe the basic objectives of the media, then I will draw attention to their formal and informal structure and will discuss the basic requirements, which should be met by the media ethics.

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PRAWNE ASPEKTY EKSPONOWANIA SZCZĄTKÓW LUDZKICH W MUZEACH POLSKICH

70%

Jastrzębska E.

Muzealnictwo

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2015

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vol. 56

183-189

XX

Human remains have formed part of museum collections from the very beginning of the history of museum studies. Despite their multitude, in Polish museums also, there are still no regulations on how to deal with such precious historical material, nor is there any mention in the law on the functioning of museums. In Polish legislation, human remains are covered by three basic legal acts: the Act on Museums, the Act on Protection of Cultural Property and the Act on Cemeteries and Burials. They state that human remains may indeed be incorporated into a museum collection. However, this conclusion is rather based on the lack of contraindications, and not on a direct provision in any of the above-mentioned documents which would allow for such an action. As a result, museums are not supported by specific legal regulations, and are left to their own devices to decide whether to incorporate human remains into their collection and how to exhibit them. Displaying them may elicit opposition from the museums’ public for moral, religious, or simply aesthetic reasons. The reasons for this are various and related to diverse factors; mainly, however, they are related to the alleged lack of respect for the deceased, and the dubious way of treating corpses. Therefore, it is necessary, as in the Western world, to introduce legal regulations which would provide Polish museums with specific frameworks to consider when studying or exhibiting these museum objects which are so disturbing and emotive for some people.

PL

W zasadzie od początku historii muzealnictwa szczątki ludzkie stanowiły część prezentowanych w muzeach kolekcji. Pomimo ich mnogości, również w muzeach polskich, do dnia dzisiejszego w Polsce nie powstał ani nie został zaproponowany żaden regulamin precyzujący zasady postępowania z tego rodzaju materiałem zabytkowym. Nie ma też o nim wzmianki w przepisach prawa dotyczących funkcjonowania muzeów. W ustawodawstwie polskim tematyki szczątków ludzkich i muzeów dotyczą trzy podstawowe ustawy: o muzeach, o ochronie dóbr kultury oraz o cmentarzach i chowaniu zmarłych. Wynika z nich, że szczątki ludzkie faktycznie mogą być włączone do kolekcji muzealnej, ale jest to wniosek oparty raczej na braku wyraźnych przeciwwskazań, niż na bezpośrednim zapisie w którymkolwiek z wymienionych dokumentów, pozwalającym na takie działanie. Efektem tego jest sytuacja, w której muzea nie mają oparcia w konkretnych uregulowaniach prawnych i pozostawione są same sobie w obliczu podjęcia decyzji o włączeniu do kolekcji i sposobie eksponowania różnego rodzaju szczątków ludzkich. Wystawianie ich wywoływać może bowiem sprzeciw publiczności muzealnej na tle zarówno religijno/moralnym, jak i po prostu estetycznym. Powody tego sprzeciwu są różne i uzależnione od wielu czynników, w większości jednak kwestią kluczową jest domniemany brak szacunku dla zmarłych oraz wątpliwe etycznie postępowanie ze zwłokami. W związku z tym zdecydowanie należy doprowadzić do stworzenia, wzorem świata zachodniego, przepisów prawnych i regulacji które wskazywałyby muzeom polskim konkretne ramy, których muszą się trzymać przy opracowywaniu i eksponowaniu tych, jakże drażliwych dla niektórych i budzących wiele emocji, muzealiów.

3

Wombs for rent, outsoursed pregnancies, baby farms - ethics and surrogate motherhood

70%

Bagan-Kurluta K.

Progress in Health Sciences

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2017

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vol. 7(1)

193-198

EN

The history of surrogacy is composed of cases of happy solving family problems, but also of conflicts and lawsuits concerning a child and his welfare. In modern times it became the next to adoptions additional possibility of ensuring infertile individuals fulfillment of their dreams of posterity. It can also be used for comfort of a woman - to avoid the burdens of pregnancy and delivery, or for a comfort of a man – to be a single father without a mother of a child, wife and family ties with her. Since its beginning in late 70-ties of XX century, legality and ethical aspects of surrogacy are lively discussed, as well in the court rooms, as in the doctrine. The following article is an attempt to deal with just some of the mentioned ethical problems.

4

Ideas on Moral and Civil Upbringing of Personality in Italian and Ukrainian Pedagogy During the Renaissance

51%

Petruk N.

Comparative Professional Pedagogy

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2015

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vol. 5

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issue 4

22-26

EN

Important aspects of moral and civic upbringing of personality based on studying the experience of humanist pedagogy establishment in the Italian Renaissance in XIV-XV centuries and the Ukrainian Renaissance in XVI-XVII centuries have been reviewed in the article. It has been found out that under the influence of Renaissance in XVI-XVII centuries Ukrainian pedagogy progressed not only in the Orthodox Christian paradigm of thinking, but was greatly enriched by the humanistic ideas of European origin as well and the matter of a person, a bright personality, endowed with unique personality traits, high ethical and Christian virtues, active and dynamic, was crucial for the forming of humanistic pedagogy. This resulted in increasing interest of Ukrainian philosophers to human problems, establishment of the value of personality, awareness of the importance of education and science in life. Intellect, education, moral virtues and work became the greatest personal qualities in works of Italian and Ukrainian humanists. Pedagogical culture during the Renaissance was also determined by ideas of civil humanism, need for patriotic education and personal action for the common good. Formation of civic sense and responsibility for own actions were of great importance.

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1 Comparative Professional Pedagogy

1 Muzealnictwo

1 Progress in Health Sciences

1 Społeczeństwo i Edukacja. Międzynarodowe Studia Humanistyczne

1 Bagan-Kurluta K.

1 Czarnecki P.

1 Jastrzębska E.

1 Petruk N.

1 2017

1 2016

2 2015

The basic goals and tasks of media activities in ethics of the media

PRAWNE ASPEKTY EKSPONOWANIA SZCZĄTKÓW LUDZKICH W MUZEACH POLSKICH

Wombs for rent, outsoursed pregnancies, baby farms - ethics and surrogate motherhood

Ideas on Moral and Civil Upbringing of Personality in Italian and Ukrainian Pedagogy During the Renaissance