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EN
The aim of this paper is to reflect on the concept of the linguistic picture of the world (LPoW) and methods of its reconstruction. The Author presents the historical overview and complex genesis of this concept, also in the context of the ethnolinguistic research tradition in Lublin. He defines the linguistic picture of the world as the interpretation of reality contained in language, which can be seen as a set of judgments about the world, people, things and events, originating from the subjective perception and conceptualisation of reality by those who speak the language. When reflecting on linguistic facts which can provide input for a description of the LPoW, the Author argues that such analysis should include three types of linguistic data: vocabulary (systemic linguistic data), texts (textual linguistic data) and surveys (elicited data).
PL
Celem artykułu jest refleksja nad pojęciem językowego obrazu świata (JOS) oraz jego metody jego rekonstrukcji. Autor przedstawia wieloletnią historię i złożony rodowód tego pojęcia, również w kontekście badań etnolingwistyki lubelskiej. Językowy obraz świata definiuję jako zawartą w języku interpretacją rzeczywistości dającą się ująć w postaci zespołu sądów o świecie, o ludziach, rzeczach, zdarzeniach, powstającą w wyniku subiektywnej percepcji i konceptualizacji rzeczywistości przez mówiących danym językiem. Na pytanie, jakie fakty językowe mogą stanowić podstawę opisu JOS, autor odpowiada, że do analizy JOS włączyć należy trzy typy danych językowych: słownictwo (dane językowo-systemowe), teksty (dane językowo-tekstowe) oraz badania ankietowe (dane wywoływane).
EN
The aim of the present article is to describe the folk etiology of eye diseases as well as a presentation of the verbal methods found in Russian folk culture for its cure. The research material encompasses collections of Russian folk spells together with ethnographical works on Slavonic folk medicine. The researched material showed that within the magical formulas utilised in the case of eye diseases (inflammation, sties etc.) various verbal strategies were employed; for example ones causing the driving away or destruction of the disease, requests to intermediaries as well as other approaches.
Human Affairs
|
2013
|
vol. 23
|
issue 2
295-301
EN
The article is devoted to an analysis of Carpathian-Balkan studies conducted by the Russian Academy of Sciences since 2006. The Slovak tradition is an important one, as it displays characteristics which are common to the Carpathian region as a whole. Furthermore, there are a number of Carpathian-South Slavic and Carpathian-Balkan parallels in terminology and related phenomena in folk culture.
EN
This work focuses on the significance of the colour blue in the culture and history of two nations (Polish, beginning with the times of the Slavs who used to inhabit the present-day territories of Poland, and Italian, from the period of the Roman Empire) by means of studying the symbolism of colour in Christianity. This part of the work also includes a diachronic analysis of the condition of language and semantics associated with niebieski and azzurro. Moreover, Polish and Italian toponyms connected with colours, as well as an analysis of myths, legends and old sayings provide much information, which makes it possible to determine which colours were most significant in ancient times. Red (porpora) was the dominating colour for the Romans, while for the Slavs – according to many myths and tales – the dominating colour was (surprisingly) blue (siny – a lexeme which in present-day Polish has been degraded to a colour referring to somatic features). Blue (caeruleus and its hues) was completely spurned by the Romans and associated with strangeness or envy.
PL
Współczesne czarownictwo wykorzystuje kategorię rodzinności do tworzenia rytualnych więzi między członkami grupy. Quasi-rodzinność służy do wyzyskania kulturowo kodowanych wartości bliskości, zaufania, pomocy i dziedziczności. Przejawia się to także w planie językowym. Czarownice wypracowały grupy leksykalne odnoszące się do relacji pokrewieństwa z sacrum oraz pokrewieństwa między sobą. Ma to swoje źródło już w relacji mitycznej o początkach tego nurtu magicznego.
EN
Modern witchcraft uses the family category to create ritual ties between members of the group. Quasi- family is used to exploit culturally encoded values of proximity, trust, help and heredity. This is also Modern witchcraft uses the family category to create ritual ties between members of the group. Quasi-family is used to exploit culturally encoded values of proximity, trust, help and heredity. This is also
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